#####################CentOS7安裝MySQL資料庫############################

檢視linux系統資訊：

CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1503-01.iso

MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] etc]# cat /etc/issue
\S
Kernel \r on an \m
[[email protected]
 
 etc]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Mar 6 11:36:42 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[[email protected] etc]# cat /proc/version 
Linux version 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Mar 6 11:36:42 UTC 2015
 

1：檢查是否安裝MySQL：

方法1：

[[email protected] ~]# yum list installed mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * extras: mirrors.btte.net
 * updates: mirrors.opencas.cn
Error: No matching Packages to list

方法2：

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
[
 
[email protected] ~]# 

2：檢視yum伺服器可下載mysql的版本資訊:

[[email protected] ~]# yum list | grep mysql

3：看著yum伺服器有沒有合適的安裝包：

[[email protected] ~]# yum list mysql*

安裝前：注：之前安裝過MySQL或者有殘留，請檢視:CentOS下MySQL的徹底解除安裝 4：yum安裝MySQL：

 #安裝MySQL客戶端
 [[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql
 #安裝MySQL服務端
 [[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql-server
 #安裝MySQL的庫和標頭檔案
 [[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql-devel

5：rpm安裝MySQL： 2:已準備安裝rpm檔案:

[[email protected] install-files]# pwd
/home/install-files
[[email protected] install-files]# ll
總用量 241452
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   9106353 10月  8 23:15 apache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 160084320 10月  8 23:17 jdk-8u60-linux-x64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  18596528 10月 11 13:24 MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3392620 10月 11 13:24 MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  55950588 10月 11 13:25 MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     98362 10月  8 23:45 sshpass-1.05.tar.gz3

3：安裝MySQL服務端:

[[email protected] install-files]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6        ################################# [100%]
……………………
省略log，文章後備注附件。

檢查:
[[email protected] bin]# mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.27, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

問題1：file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README from install of MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64………
問題2：warning: MySQL-server-5.5.46-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 問題3：mysqld: unrecognized service 問題4：FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/bin/mysql_install_db:  Data::Dumper 問題5：Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid). 4：安裝MySQL的庫和標頭檔案:

[[email protected] install-files]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6         ################################# [100%]

5：安裝MySQL客戶端：

[[email protected] install-files]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6        ################################# [100%]

檢驗:
[[email protected] bin]# find /usr/bin -name mysqladmin
/usr/bin/mysqladmin
[[email protected] bin]# find /usr/bin -name mysqldump
/usr/bin/mysqldump

注:以下操作rpm和yum安裝完成之後操作為一致。 以上安裝為預設路徑安裝,如果要設定路徑rpm引數(--relocate,--badreloc):
mysql安裝目錄：

 1.資料庫目錄
 /var/lib/mysql/
 2.配置檔案
 /usr/share/mysql(mysql.server命令及配置檔案)
 3.啟動指令碼
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/(啟動指令碼檔案mysql的目錄) 
 4.相關命令
 /usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)

 注:1~3安裝server安裝後存在,4mysqladmin mysqldump在client安裝後存在 6:啟動和關閉mysql:

[[email protected] init.d]# pwd
/etc/rc.d/init.d
[[email protected] init.d]# ls
functions  jexec  mysql  netconsole  network  README

[[email protected] install-files]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[[email protected] install-files]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 

這個版本安裝的mysql的啟動指令碼為mysql而非mysqld。 問題: 問題3：mysqld: unrecognized service 問題5：Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid). 檢視MySQL日誌： cat /var/log/messages | grep mysqld 檢視路徑，檢查檔案是否缺少：/var/lib/mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# ll
total 110620
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql       56 Oct 11 23:20 auto.cnf
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Oct 11 23:20 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 11 23:20 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 11 23:19 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql root      5847 Oct 11 23:20 localhost.localdomain.err
drwx--x--x. 2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 11 23:19 mysql
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 11 23:19 performance_schema
-rw-r--r--. 1 root  root       111 Oct 11 23:19 RPM_UPGRADE_HISTORY
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql      111 Oct 11 23:19 RPM_UPGRADE_MARKER-LAST
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql        6 Oct 11 23:19 test

 備註附件：

[[email protected] install-files]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
 MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm     #RHEL相容包 
 MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm    　  #MySQL客戶端程式
 MySQL-shared-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm    #MySQL的共享庫
 MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm        #MySQL服務端程式
 MySQL-test-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm        #MySQL的測試元件
 MySQL-devel-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm        #MySQL的庫和標頭檔案
 MySQL-embedded-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm       #MySQL的嵌入式程式

備註安裝成功日誌：

2015-10-11 23:19:40 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-10-11 23:19:40 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.27) starting as process 3168 ...
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2015-10-11 23:19:40 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2015-10-11 23:19:41 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-10-11 23:19:43 3168 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.27 started; log sequence number 0
A random root password has been set. You will find it in '/root/.mysql_secret'.
2015-10-11 23:19:44 3168 [Note] Binlog end
2015-10-11 23:19:44 3168 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-10-11 23:19:44 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3168 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977

2015-10-11 23:19:46 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-10-11 23:19:46 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.27) starting as process 3190 ...
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.27 started; log sequence number 1625977
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] Binlog end
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-10-11 23:19:46 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-10-11 23:19:49 3190 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987

A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in '/root/.mysql_secret'.

You must change that password on your first connect,
no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag.

Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.

In addition, you can run:

  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
This is strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

大概安裝步驟:

[[email protected] install-files]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
……
[[email protected] install-files]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
……
[[email protected] install-files]# yum remove mysql-libs
……

[[email protected] lib]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

……
[[email protected] install-files]# yum install -y perl-Module-Install.noarch
……
[[email protected] install-files]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature

……