從去年9月21開始寫部落格，今天整一年了。

從開始寫文章到現在，寫過spring的，springmvc的，spring與其他框架整合的（包括hibernate，ehcache，shiro），寫過一些工具類，寫過微信公眾號開發，寫過前端的一些小demo，雖然一直在用mybatis卻一直沒寫。

今天寫一個比較全面的測試專案，包括maven，spring，springmvc，solr，mongodb的，一是強哥安排的Solr任務，二是學習與整理。

這篇文章更像是一個詳細的基於maven的springmvc環境搭建

Solr測試專案

maven建立javaee開發環境

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.gwc -DartifactId=learn -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DarchetypeCatalog=internal
 

建立過程中需要確認版本和報名，輸入回車，屬於Y即可

參考

建立好之後結構如下

預設的webapp版本為2.3。

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app
 
>

如果想換更高的版本可以直接修改web.xml這裡我使用3.0

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID"
 
 version="3.0">

</web-app>

參考

建立好之後我們匯入到eclipse中

匯入專案並修改

File->Import->Maven->Existing Maven Projects

新匯入的專案有個報錯

The superclass "javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet" was not found on the Java Build Path

該報錯是由於沒有引入jsp和servlet的依賴而導致的

引入依賴，因為後面會用jstl，所以一併引入

<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <scope>provided</scope>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <scope>provided</scope>
    <version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
    <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>

引入之後專案報錯就消失了。

命名行建立的maven專案中並沒有為我們建立相應的java和test目錄（我的電腦上一直不建立，不知道為什麼，如果已經建立了就不需要再建立）

在src下新建一個test目錄，test目錄和main目錄在一級
在main下面新建java目錄，在test下新建java目錄
建好目錄之後專案看著有點怪怪的。

我們在專案了上右鍵->Refresh

專案結構就好了。

參考

spring環境配置與相關依賴配置

專案結構配置好之後我們開始配置spring和其他依賴

spring

由於spring模組很多，這裡採用spring官方文件推薦的BOM統一管理spring的版本。引入spring-framework-bom只有後面所有依賴的spring都無需指明版本，和spring-framework-bom 一個版本。

BOM

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

spring依賴

<!-- spring依賴 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring依賴的第三方 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
</dependency>

單元測試

自動生成的junit版本有點低。

改為如下（當前為4.12版）
為了整合spring進行測試引入spring-test

<!-- 單元測試 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 整合spring測試 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

日誌記錄，json和傳送http請求

<!-- 日誌記錄 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json需要 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
    <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.json</groupId>
    <artifactId>json</artifactId>
    <version>20160810</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 傳送http請求 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.2</version>
</dependency>

依賴配置之後我們匯入配置檔案

日誌log4j.properties

放在src/main/resources目錄下

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 日誌輸出級別
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout, info_log, error_log

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 輸出到控制檯
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS} %p [%M] %c %L %m%n
#log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# info_log
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
log4j.appender.info_log=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.info_log.File=/usr/logs/learn/info.log
log4j.appender.info_log.Append=true
log4j.appender.info_log.Threshold=INFO
log4j.appender.info_log.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.info_log.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.info_log.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS} %p [%M] %c %L %m%n

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# error_log
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
log4j.appender.error_log=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.error_log.File=/usr/logs/learn/error.log
log4j.appender.error_log.Append=true
log4j.appender.error_log.Threshold=ERROR
log4j.appender.error_log.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.error_log.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.error_log.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS} %p [%M] %c %L %m%n

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 我的配置
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
log4j.logger.org.springframework=info

測試一下日誌

package test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class HelloTest {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Test
    public void test() {
        logger.info("info:{}", "info");
        logger.error("error:{}", "error");
    }

}

執行之後我們發現日誌已經生效

並且error會單獨輸出到error.log

來配置spring

首先在src/main/resources目錄下建立一個spring的目錄，該目錄中存放各種spring的配置，總體結構如下

先把專案的包結構建立起來

com.gwc.learn.controller放conttroller
com.gwc.learn.service放service
com.gwc.learn.dao放dao
com.gwc.learn.timer放定時任務
com.gwc.learn.util放一些工具類

先建一個spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 只掃描Controller,不掃描Service -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gwc.learn">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" />
    </context:component-scan>
    <!-- 靜態資源 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/assets/" mapping="/assets/**"></mvc:resources>
    <!-- jsp檢視解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

再建一個spring-core.xml這個配置檔案主要是匯入一些其他的spring配置，比如資料庫，定時任務，主要是為了將spring的配置分開，暫時沒有匯入，後面配置mongo資料在匯入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gwc.learn" />

</beans>

然後配置web.xml

這裡有一個上下文的spring-core.xml，其他配置都會被import進來，這樣當配置檔案比較大的時候看著清晰，配置起來方便。

<display-name>solr測試專案</display-name>
<!-- 載入spring上下文 -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-core.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 統一編碼 -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>charsetEncoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>charsetEncoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- SpringMVC的配置 -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

寫一個controller和jsp檢視
com.gwc.learn.controller包下的HelloController.java

package com.gwc.learn.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/solr")
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping(value="/hello",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hello(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg", "你好springMVC");
        return "hello";
    }
}

WEB-INF/views下的hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>我是標題</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg }
</body>
</html>

好了，釋出到tomcat

Springmvc環境搭建完畢。

參考

再寫就有點長了，下一篇寫整合mongodb和solrj

參考文獻