SpringMVC配置,簡單例項,檔案上傳與下載,ajax請求
本文基於SpringMVC採用註解方式,從配置到簡單常用的功能舉例詳解,功能已經在本機測試過,能跑起來。
參考資料:iteye部落格;
Spring文件;
1、匯入相關jar包:
spring-core-3.2.0.jar;spring-web-3.2.0.jar;spring-webmvc-3.2.0.jar;common-annotations.jar;commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar;spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar。
2、在web.xml配置DispatcherServlet,攔截匹配的請求;(初始化過程中預設WEB-INF資料夾下尋找名為[servlet-name]-servlet.xml,也可加入引數classpath指定)
<servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <!-- 這裡在配成spring,下邊也要寫一個名為spring-servlet.xml的檔案,主要用來配置它的controller --> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/userInfo.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>
3、配置[servlet-name]-servlet.xml
<context:annotation-config /> <!-- 把標記了@Controller註解的類轉換為bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.Controllers" /> <!-- 啟動Spring MVC的註解功能,完成請求和註解POJO的對映 --><!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" /> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" /> --> <!-- 配置檢視解析器預設的屬性檔案是classpath下的:views.properties --> <bean id="resourceBundleViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ResourceBundleViewResolver"> <property name="basename" value="views" > </property> </bean> <!-- 通過setViewClass方法,可以指定用於該解析器生成檢視使用的檢視類 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/" p:suffix=".jsp"/> <!-- 檔案上傳配置 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" p:defaultEncoding="utf-8"> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000000"/> <property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/> </bean>
4、Controller類的編寫
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/userInfo.do")
public class UserController {
/**
* 檔案上傳與獲取user物件,這裡沒連資料庫只是將值獲取,檔案上傳目錄下
* @param user
* @param request
* @param files 檔案組
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(params="method=saveUser")
public ModelAndView saveUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("fileName")MultipartFile[] files ) throws Exception{
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
System.out.println(user.getUserName()+"密碼"+user.getUserPwd());
mav.addObject("message","成功!");
mav.addObject("user",user);
//List<MultipartFile>files=mRequest.getFiles("fileName");
String uploadpath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
System.out.println(uploadpath);
//System.out.println(files.isEmpty());
for (MultipartFile multipartFile : files) {
if (multipartFile.isEmpty()) continue;
System.out.println(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename());
FileOutputStream fileOS = new FileOutputStream(uploadpath + multipartFile.getOriginalFilename());
fileOS.write(multipartFile.getBytes());
System.out.println(fileOS);
fileOS.close();
}
/*FileOutputStream fileOS = new FileOutputStream(uploadpath+file.getOriginalFilename());
fileOS.write(file.getBytes());
System.out.println(fileOS);
fileOS.close();*/
mav.setViewName("userView");//設定返回的檢視,具體頁面將會在views.properties裡設定
return mav;
}
5、jsp頁面的編寫,採用註解方式,無需配置其他配置,與struts2一樣,將input name屬性與java bean對應,引數自動封裝。
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
</head>
<body>
<form id="addUserInfoForm" action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/userInfo.do?method=saveUser" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input name="userName" value="${user.userName}"/>
<input name="userPwd" value="${user.userPwd}"/>
<input type="file" name="fileName">
<input type="file" name="fileName">
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
6、配置views.properties(預設在classpath下找)
userView.(class)=org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView
userView.url=/WEB-INF/userInfo.jsp
以上完成了檔案上傳和User資訊的獲取。
二、下面簡單貼出檔案下載程式碼
/**
* 檔案下載
* @param request
* @param response
* @return 由於只是測試,很多資訊都是手動寫死的,湊合著看。
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(params="method=downLoadFile")
public ModelAndView downLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
BufferedInputStream bis = null;
BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
// String downLoadPath="rr.sql";
String realName="rr.sql"; //設定下載檔名字
String fileName=request.getParameter("fileName"); //獲取完整的檔名
System.out.println(fileName);
long fileLength=new File(fileName).length();
String ctxPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename="
+ new String(realName.getBytes("utf-8"), "ISO8859-1"));
response.setHeader("Content-Length", String.valueOf(fileLength));
bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName));
bos = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
byte[] buff = new byte[2048];
int bytesRead;
while (-1 != (bytesRead = bis.read(buff, 0, buff.length))) {
bos.write(buff, 0, bytesRead);
}
bis.close();
bos.close();
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
return null;
}
JSP下載頁面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
</head>
<body>
<form id="addUserInfoForm" action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/userInfo.do?method=saveUser" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/userInfo.do?method=downLoadFile&fileName=F:\Server\apache-tomcat-6.0.36\webapps\SpringMVC\rr.sql">下載</a>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
上面的引數fileName直接寫的,因為沒有連資料庫。
三、ajax請求json資料
步驟一:加入json jar包 示例:ackson-core-asl-1.7.2.jar ,jackson-mapper-asl-1.7.2.jar
步驟二:spring的配置檔案中加入:<mvc:annotation-driven/>(HttpMessageConverter需開啟)
步驟三:在返回的物件上加@ResponseBody 將內容或物件作為 HTTP 響應正文返回,並呼叫適合HttpMessageConverter的Adapter轉換物件,寫入輸出流。(開啟這個註釋後AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter將會初始化以下7個轉換器ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter
StringHttpMessageConverter
ResourceHttpMessageConverter
SourceHttpMessageConverter
XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter
Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter
MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter---spring預設的json協議由Jackson完成)