環境IntelliJ IDEA+jdk1.8+tomcat8.5.23；
使用maven整合struts2.5.2+spring4.3.7+hibernate5.2.12。
啟動Tomcat報以下嚴重，Tomcat服務無作用，localhost:8080找不到網頁。

[2017-11-21 02:14:39,351] Artifact home1:Web exploded: Artifact is being deployed, please wait...
21-Nov-2017 14:14:39.741 嚴重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal One or more Filters failed to start. Full details will be found in the appropriate container log file
21
 
-Nov-2017 14:14:39.741 嚴重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal Context [] startup failed due to previous errors
[2017-11-21 02:14:39,751] Artifact home1:Web exploded: Error during artifact deployment. See server log for details.
21-Nov-2017 14:14:49.204 資訊 [localhost-startStop-1
 
] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [C:\Java\apache-tomcat-8.5.23\webapps\manager]
21-Nov-2017 14:14:49.310 資訊 [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [C:\Java\apache-tomcat-8.5
 
.23\webapps\manager] has finished in [106] ms

以下是專案的配置檔案↓

以下貼出web程式碼↓

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- 攔截器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
        </filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

明顯看出這是沒有新增spring配置造成的；

正確的web檔案為：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <!-- 配置Spring的監聽 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 指定spring初始化檔案路徑位置 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- 配置Spring的過濾器，解決亂碼問題 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 解決懶載入問題 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>flushMode</param-name>
      <param-value>AUTO</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 攔截器 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>