public class Student {  
    /** 
     * 獲取文件 
     */  
    Document document = null;  
    public void gain() {  
        //建立工廠  
    	 DocumentBuilderFactory  dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  
        try {  
            //從工廠獲得解析器  
        	DocumentBuilder  db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();  
            //解析XML文件  
            document = db.parse("成績資訊.xml");  
          
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
    /**
     * 列印資訊
     */
    public void print() {
    	 NodeList stuList = document.getElementsByTagName("student");  
         for (int i = 0; i < stuList.getLength(); i++) {  
             Node student = stuList.item(i);  
           Element element=(Element) student;
           String str =element.getAttribute("id");
           System.out.println("\nid:"+str);
             NodeList Stu2 = student.getChildNodes();  
             for (int j = 0; j < Stu2.getLength(); j++) {  
                 Node Student = Stu2.item(j);  
                 if (Student.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                         System.out.println(Student.getNodeName()+":"+Student.getTextContent());  
                     }  
             }  
         }
    }
    /** 
     * 刪除節點 
     */  
    public void delete() {  
        try {  
        	DocumentBuilderFactory  dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
        	DocumentBuilder  db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();  
            db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();  
            Document document = db.parse("成績資訊.xml");  
            NodeList list =  document.getElementsByTagName("student");  
            for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {  
                Element element = (Element) list.item(i);  
                String id = element.getAttribute("id");  
                if(id.equals("1")) {  
                    element.getParentNode().removeChild(element);  
                }  
            }  
            TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();  
            Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();  
            DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(document);  
            transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");  
            StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("新成績資訊.xml"));  
            transformer.transform(domSource, result);  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
    /** 
     * 新增節點 
     */  
    public void addinfo() {  
        //建立student,Name,course,score節點  
        Element stuElement = document.createElement("student");  
        Element NaElement = document.createElement("Name");  
        Element couElement = document.createElement("course");  
        Element scoElement = document.createElement("score");  
        //元素節點  
        Attr attr = document.createAttribute("id");  
        attr.setValue("3");  
        //文字節點  
        Text testname = document.createTextNode("王麻子");  
        Text testcou = document.createTextNode("數學");  
        Text testscore = document.createTextNode("45");  
        //將文字節點新增到元素的子節點  
        NaElement.appendChild(testname);  
        couElement.appendChild(testcou);  
        scoElement.appendChild(testscore);  
        //將元素節點新增到student  
        stuElement.setAttributeNode(attr);  
        stuElement.appendChild(NaElement);  
        stuElement.appendChild(couElement);  
        stuElement.appendChild(scoElement);  
        //得到根元素  
        Element men = document.getDocumentElement();  
        men.appendChild(stuElement);  
        try {  
            //儲存文字  
            TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();  
            Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();  
            DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(document);  
            transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");  
            StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("新成績資訊.xml"));  
            transformer.transform(domSource, result);  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            // TODO: handle exception  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
    /** 
     * 修改資訊 
     */  
    public void amend() {  
        NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("student");  
        for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {  
            Element stuElement = (Element) list.item(i);  
            String stu = stuElement.getAttribute("id");  
            if(stu.equals("2")) {  
                NodeList sco = stuElement.getElementsByTagName("score");  
                Element element = (Element) sco.item(0);  
                element.setTextContent("60分");  
            }  
            try {  
                //儲存文字  
                TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();  
                Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();  
                DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(document);  
                transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");  
                StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("新成績資訊.xml"));  
                transformer.transform(domSource, result);  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
                // TODO: handle exception  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Student student = new Student();  //建立一個新的物件
        student.gain(); 
        student.print();
//        student.delete();  //刪除節點
//        student.print();
//        student.amend();  //修改
//        student.print();
//        student.addinfo();  //新增
//        student.print();
    }  
}