Python日期和時間函式

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-25

Python時間和日期操作需要用到datetime和time標準庫模組。
一、time模組
1.time模組表示時間的方式
①時間戳
②格式化的時間字串
③以陣列的形式表示，即(struct_time),共有九個元素

year (four digits, e.g. 1998)
month (1-12)
day (1-31)
hours (0-23)
minutes (0-59)
seconds (0-59)
weekday (0-6, Monday is 0)
Julian day (day in the year, 1-366)
DST (Daylight Savings Time) flag (-1, 0 or 1) 是否是夏令時

2.常用函式
①asctime([tuple]) -> string
將一個struct_time(預設為當時時間)，轉換成字串。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.asctime()
<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Sun Jul 31 11:10:39 2016'</span>
>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> thisTime = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2016-07-31 12:12:12"</span>
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strptime(thisTime, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.asctime(timeTuple)
<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Sun Jul 31 12:12:12 2016'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

②ctime(seconds) -> string
將一個時間戳(預設為當前時間)轉換成一個時間字串。

<code class="hljs python has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>time.ctime()
<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Sun Jul 31 11:11:33 2016'</span>
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>time.ctime(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332</span>)
<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Sun Jul 31 12:12:12 2016'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

③ gmtime([seconds]) -> (tm_year, tm_mon, tm_day, tm_hour, tm_min,tm_sec, tm_wday, tm_yday, tm_isdst)
將一個時間戳轉換成一個UTC時區(0時區)的struct_time，如果seconds引數未輸入，則以當前時間為轉換標準。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">gmtime</span>()
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.struct_time(tm_year=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>, tm_mon=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, tm_mday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>, tm_hour=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>, tm_min=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">15</span>, tm_sec=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">35</span>, tm_wday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>, tm_yday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">213</span>, tm_isdst=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">gmtime</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332</span>)
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.struct_time(tm_year=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>, tm_mon=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, tm_mday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>, tm_hour=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>, tm_min=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_sec=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_wday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>, tm_yday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">213</span>, tm_isdst=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

④localtime([seconds]) -> (tm_year,tm_mon,tm_day,tm_hour,tm_min,tm_sec,tm_wday,tm_yday,tm_isdst)
將一個時間戳轉換成一個當前時區的struct_time，如果seconds引數未輸入，則以當前時間為轉換標準。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">localtime</span>()
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.struct_time(tm_year=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>, tm_mon=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, tm_mday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>, tm_hour=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>, tm_min=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">17</span>, tm_sec=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">17</span>, tm_wday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>, tm_yday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">213</span>, tm_isdst=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">localtime</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332</span>)
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.struct_time(tm_year=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>, tm_mon=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, tm_mday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>, tm_hour=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_min=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_sec=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_wday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>, tm_yday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">213</span>, tm_isdst=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

⑤ mktime(tuple) -> floating point number
將一個以struct_time轉換為時間戳。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> thisTime = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2016-07-31 12:12:12"</span>
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strptime(thisTime, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.mktime(timeTuple)
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332.0</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

⑥ strftime(format[, tuple]) -> string
將指定的struct_time(預設為當前時間)，根據指定的格式化字串輸出。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2016-07-31 11:20:41'</span>
>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> thisTime = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2016-07-31 12:12:12"</span>
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strptime(thisTime, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>,timeTuple)
<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2016-07-31 12:12:12'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

⑦strptime(string, format) -> struct_time
將時間字串根據指定的格式化符轉換成陣列形式的時間。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> thisTime = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2016-07-31 12:12:12"</span>
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strptime(thisTime, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> timeTuple
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.struct_time(tm_year=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>, tm_mon=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, tm_mday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>, tm_hour=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_min=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_sec=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>, tm_wday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>, tm_yday=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">213</span>, tm_isdst=-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

⑧time() -> floating point number
返回當前時間的時間戳。

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>()
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469935566.776</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

二、datetime模組
1.datetime中的常量

datetime.MINYEAR，表示datetime所能表示的最小年份，MINYEAR = 1。
datetime.MAXYEAR，表示datetime所能表示的最大年份，MAXYEAR = 9999。

2.datetime中的類

datetime.date：表示日期的類。常用的屬性有year, month, day；
datetime.time：表示時間的類。常用的屬性有hour, minute, second, microsecond；
datetime.datetime：表示日期時間。
datetime.timedelta：表示時間間隔，即兩個時間點之間的長度。
datetime.tzinfo：與時區有關的相關資訊。

3.date類
date類表示一個由年、月、日組成的日期。
①類方法與類屬性
date類定義了一些常用的類方法與類屬性，方便我們操作：

date.max、date.min：date物件所能表示的最大、最小日期；
date.resolution：date物件表示日期的最小單位。這裡是天。
date.today()：返回一個表示當前本地日期的date物件；
date.fromtimestamp(timestamp)：根據給定的時間戮，返回一個date物件；
datetime.fromordinal(ordinal)：將Gregorian日曆時間轉換為date物件；（Gregorian Calendar ：一種日曆表示方法，類似於我國的農曆，西方國家使用比較多，此處不詳細展開討論。）

②例項方法和屬性
date提供的例項方法和屬性：

date.year、date.month、date.day：年、月、日；
date.replace(year, month,day)：生成一個新的日期物件，用引數指定的年，月，日代替原有物件中的屬性。（原有物件仍保持不變）
date.timetuple()：返回日期對應的time.struct_time物件；
date.toordinal()：返回日期對應的Gregorian Calendar日期；
date.weekday()：返回weekday，如果是星期一，返回0；如果是星期2，返回1，以此類推；
data.isoweekday()：返回weekday，如果是星期一，返回1；如果是星期2，返回2，以此類推；
date.isocalendar()：返回格式如(year，month，day)的元組；
date.isoformat()：返回格式如’YYYY-MM-DD’的字串；
date.strftime(fmt)：自定義格式化字串。在下面詳細講解。

③date支援的其他操作

date2 = date1 + timedelta #日期加上一個間隔，返回一個新的日期物件）
date2 = date1 - timedelta #日期隔去間隔，返回一個新的日期物件
timedelta = date1 - date2 #兩個日期相減，返回一個時間間隔物件
date1 < date2 #兩個日期進行比較

4.Time類
time類表示時間，由時、分、秒以及微秒組成。
①time類定義的類屬性

time.min、time.max：time類所能表示的最小、最大時間。其中，time.min = time(0, 0, 0, 0)，time.max = time(23, 59, 59, 999999)；
time.resolution：時間的最小單位，這裡是1微秒；

②time類提供的例項方法和屬性

time.hour、time.minute、time.second、time.microsecond：時、分、秒、微秒；
time.tzinfo：時區資訊；
time.replace([ hour[ , minute[ , second[ ,microsecond[ , tzinfo] ] ] ] ] )：建立一個新的時間物件，用引數指定的時、分、秒、微秒代替原有物件中的屬性（原有物件仍保持不變）；
time.isoformat()：返回型如”HH:MM:SS”格式的字串表示；
time.strftime(fmt)：返回自定義格式化字串。在下面詳細介紹；

像date一樣，也可以對兩個time物件進行比較，或者相減返回一個時間間隔物件。

5.datetime類
datetime是date與time的結合體，包括date與time的所有資訊。
①datetime類定義的類屬性與方法

datetime.min、datetime.max：datetime所能表示的最小值與最大值；
datetime.resolution：datetime最小單位；
datetime.today()：返回一個表示當前本地時間的datetime物件；
datetime.now([tz])：返回一個表示當前本地時間的datetime物件，如果提供了引數tz，則獲取tz引數所指時區的本地時間；
datetime.utcnow()：返回一個當前utc時間的datetime物件；
datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp[,tz])：根據時間戮建立一個datetime物件，引數tz指定時區資訊；
datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp)：根據時間戮建立一個datetime物件；
datetime.combine(date, time)：根據date和time，建立一個datetime物件；
datetime.strptime(date_string, format)：將格式字串轉換為datetime物件；

②datetime類提供的例項方法與屬性

datetime.year、month、day、hour、minute、second、microsecond、tzinfo：年、月、日、時、分、秒、毫秒、時區；
datetime.date()：獲取date物件。
datetime.time()：獲取time物件。
datetime. replace([ year[ , month[ , day[ , hour[ , minute[ , second[ , microsecond[ ,tzinfo] ] ] ] ] ] ] ])：返回一個替換了指定日期時間欄位的新datetime物件。
datetime.timetuple ()：返回一個時間元素, 等價於time.localtime()。
datetime. utctimetuple()：返回UTC時間元組物件, 等價於time.localtime()。
datetime. toordinal ()：返回日期對應的Gregorian Calendar 日期。
datetime. weekday ()：返回 0 ~ 6 表示星期幾（星期一是0，依此類推）。
datetime. isocalendar ()：返回一個三元組格式 (year, month, day)。
datetime. isoformat ([ sep] )：返回一個 ISO 8601 格式的日期字串，如 “YYYY-MM-DD”的字串。
datetime. ctime()：返回一個日期時間的C格式字串，等效於time.ctime(time.mktime(dt.timetuple()))；
datetime. strftime (format)：返回自定義格式化字串表示日期。

像date一樣，也可以對兩個datetime物件進行比較，或者相減返回一個時間間隔物件，或者日期時間加上一個間隔返回一個新的日期時間物件。
6.timedelta與tzinfo類
①timedelta類
datetime.timedelta物件代表兩個時間之間的的時間差，兩個date或datetime物件相減時可以返回一個timedelta物件。
timedelta包含資料days、seconds、microseconds，表示天數、秒數、微秒數，包含方法total_seconds() ，表示時間間隔的總秒數。
②tzinfo類
tzinfo：與時區有關的相關資訊。

三、常見的日期時間操作
1.將字串格式的日期轉換為時間戳
方法：先將其轉換為時間元組，再轉換為時間戳。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> thisTime = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2016-07-31 12:12:12"</span>
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strptime(thisTime, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> timeStamp = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.mktime(timeTuple))
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> timeStamp
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

2.將時間戳轉換為指定格式的日期
方法一

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> timeStamp = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332</span>
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">localtime</span>(timeStamp)
>>> otherTime = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>, timeTuple)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> otherTime
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

方法二

<code class="hljs python has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> datetime
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>timeStamp = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1469938332</span>
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>dt= datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timeStamp)
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>otherTime = dt.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"</span>)
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> otherTime
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">04</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

3.更改日期格式
方法:先轉換為時間元組,然後轉換為其他格式。

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> thisTime = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2016-07-31 12:12:12"</span>
>>>timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strptime(thisTime, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>>otherTime = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>/<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>/<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>, timeTuple)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> otherTime
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>/<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>/<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

4.將當前時間並轉換為指定日期格式
方法一:

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>
>>> nowStamp = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>())  
>>> timeTuple = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">localtime</span>(nowStamp)
>>> otherTime = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">time</span>.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>, timeTuple)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> otherTime
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">19</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">47</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

方法二:

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import datetime
>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> otherTime = now.strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> otherTime
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">45</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

5、獲取今天、昨天和明天的日期

<code class="hljs python has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> datetime
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>today = datetime.date.today()
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>yesterday = today - datetime.timedelta(days=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span>tomorrow = today + datetime.timedelta(days=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) 
<span class="hljs-prompt" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">>>> </span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"昨天:%s， 今天:%s， 明天：%s"</span> % (yesterday, today, tomorrow)
昨天:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>， 今天:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>， 明天：<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

6.計算前1天、後一天的時間

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">>>> import datetime
>>> dtOneDayAgo = (datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)).strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> dtOneDayAfter = (datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(days = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)).strftime(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%Y</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%m</span>-<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%d</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%H</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%M</span>:<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%S</span>"</span>)
>>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">print</span> dtOneDayAgo，dtOneDayAfter
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">39</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">54</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-08-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">40</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">14</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</

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