Linux網路程式設計之Tcp/Udp socket檔案傳輸示例
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-27
本文所述示例程式是基於Linux平臺的socket網路程式設計，實現檔案傳輸功能。該示例是基於TCP流協議實現的socket網路檔案傳輸程式。採用C語言編寫。最終能夠實現傳輸任何格式檔案的檔案傳輸程式。
具體實現程式碼如下：
/************************************************************************* > File Name: tcp_Server.c > Author: SongLee ************************************************************************/ #include<netinet/in.h> // sockaddr_in #include<sys/types.h> // socket #include<sys/socket.h> // socket #include<stdio.h> // printf #include<stdlib.h> // exit #include<string.h> // bzero #define SERVER_PORT 8000 #define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE 20 #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 #define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512 int main(void) { // 宣告並初始化一個伺服器端的socket地址結構 struct sockaddr_in server_addr; bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY); server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // 建立socket，若成功，返回socket描述符 int server_socket_fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if(server_socket_fd < 0) { perror("Create Socket Failed:"); exit(1); } int opt = 1; setsockopt(server_socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt)); // 繫結socket和socket地址結構 if(-1 == (bind(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)))) { perror("Server Bind Failed:"); exit(1); } // socket監聽 if(-1 == (listen(server_socket_fd, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE))) { perror("Server Listen Failed:"); exit(1); } while(1) { // 定義客戶端的socket地址結構 struct sockaddr_in client_addr; socklen_t client_addr_length = sizeof(client_addr); // 接受連線請求，返回一個新的socket(描述符)，這個新socket用於同連線的客戶端通訊 // accept函式會把連線到的客戶端資訊寫到client_addr中 int new_server_socket_fd = accept(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_length); if(new_server_socket_fd < 0) { perror("Server Accept Failed:"); break; } // recv函式接收資料到緩衝區buffer中 char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); if(recv(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0) { perror("Server Recieve Data Failed:"); break; } // 然後從buffer(緩衝區)拷貝到file_name中 char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1]; bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1); strncpy(file_name, buffer, strlen(buffer)>FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE?FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE:strlen(buffer)); printf("%s\n", file_name); // 開啟檔案並讀取檔案資料 FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "r"); if(NULL == fp) { printf("File:%s Not Found\n", file_name); } else { bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); int length = 0; // 每讀取一段資料，便將其傳送給客戶端，迴圈直到檔案讀完為止 while((length = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), BUFFER_SIZE, fp)) > 0) { if(send(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, length, 0) < 0) { printf("Send File:%s Failed./n", file_name); break; } bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); } // 關閉檔案 fclose(fp); printf("File:%s Transfer Successful!\n", file_name); } // 關閉與客戶端的連線 close(new_server_socket_fd); } // 關閉監聽用的socket close(server_socket_fd); return 0; }
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: tcp_Client.c
> Author: SongLee
************************************************************************/
#include<netinet/in.h> // sockaddr_in
#include<sys/types.h> // socket
#include<sys/socket.h> // socket
#include<stdio.h> // printf
#include<stdlib.h> // exit
#include<string.h> // bzero
#define SERVER_PORT 8000
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
int main()
{
// 宣告並初始化一個客戶端的socket地址結構
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
bzero(&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr));
client_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
client_addr.sin_port = htons(0);
// 建立socket，若成功，返回socket描述符
int client_socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(client_socket_fd < 0)
{
perror("Create Socket Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 繫結客戶端的socket和客戶端的socket地址結構 非必需
if(-1 == (bind(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr))))
{
perror("Client Bind Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 宣告一個伺服器端的socket地址結構，並用伺服器那邊的IP地址及埠對其進行初始化，用於後面的連線
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &server_addr.sin_addr) == 0)
{
perror("Server IP Address Error:");
exit(1);
}
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
socklen_t server_addr_length = sizeof(server_addr);
// 向伺服器發起連線，連線成功後client_socket_fd代表了客戶端和伺服器的一個socket連線
if(connect(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, server_addr_length) < 0)
{
perror("Can Not Connect To Server IP:");
exit(0);
}
// 輸入檔名 並放到緩衝區buffer中等待發送
char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
printf("Please Input File Name On Server:\t");
scanf("%s", file_name);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));
// 向伺服器傳送buffer中的資料
if(send(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0)
{
perror("Send File Name Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 開啟檔案，準備寫入
FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "w");
if(NULL == fp)
{
printf("File:\t%s Can Not Open To Write\n", file_name);
exit(1);
}
// 從伺服器接收資料到buffer中
// 每接收一段資料，便將其寫入檔案中，迴圈直到檔案接收完並寫完為止
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
int length = 0;
while((length = recv(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0)) > 0)
{
if(fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), length, fp) < length)
{
printf("File:\t%s Write Failed\n", file_name);
break;
}
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
// 接收成功後，關閉檔案，關閉socket
printf("Receive File:\t%s From Server IP Successful!\n", file_name);
close(fp);
close(client_socket_fd);
return 0;
}
/************************************************************************* > File Name: udp_server.c > Author: SongLee ************************************************************************/ #include<sys/types.h> #include<sys/socket.h> #include<unistd.h> #include<netinet/in.h> #include<arpa/inet.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<errno.h> #include<netdb.h> #include<stdarg.h> #include<string.h> #define SERVER_PORT 8000 #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 #define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512 int main() { /* 建立UDP套介面 */ struct sockaddr_in server_addr; bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); /* 建立socket */ int server_socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); if(server_socket_fd == -1) { perror("Create Socket Failed:"); exit(1); } /* 繫結套介面 */ if(-1 == (bind(server_socket_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)))) { perror("Server Bind Failed:"); exit(1); } /* 資料傳輸 */ while(1) { /* 定義一個地址，用於捕獲客戶端地址 */ struct sockaddr_in client_addr; socklen_t client_addr_length = sizeof(client_addr); /* 接收資料 */ char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); if(recvfrom(server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE,0,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_length) == -1) { perror("Receive Data Failed:"); exit(1); } /* 從buffer中拷貝出file_name */ char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1]; bzero(file_name,FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1); strncpy(file_name, buffer, strlen(buffer)>FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE?FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE:strlen(buffer)); printf("%s\n", file_name); } close(server_socket_fd); return 0; }
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: udp_client.c
> Author: SongLee
************************************************************************/
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<stdarg.h>
#include<string.h>
#define SERVER_PORT 8000
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
int main()
{
/* 服務端地址 */
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
/* 建立socket */
int client_socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(client_socket_fd < 0)
{
perror("Create Socket Failed:");
exit(1);
}
/* 輸入檔名到緩衝區 */
char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
printf("Please Input File Name On Server:\t");
scanf("%s", file_name);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));
/* 傳送檔名 */
if(sendto(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE,0,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)) < 0)
{
perror("Send File Name Failed:");
exit(1);
}
close(client_socket_fd);
return 0;
}