【Android Socket專題】： TCP通訊客戶端app的demo的實現
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-28
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Android TCP 客戶端實現，規劃介面如下：
對應XML程式碼如下：
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:weightSum="5" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_weight="1"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="ip:"/> <EditText android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="2" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:id="@+id/edit_tcpClientIp"/> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="port"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/edit_tcpClientPort" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_weight="1"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="ID(英文或數字):"/> <EditText android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:id="@+id/edit_tcpClientID"/> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="隨機生成" android:id="@+id/btn_tcpClientRandomID"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <Button android:id="@+id/btn_tcpClientConn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="連線" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="斷開" android:id="@+id/btn_tcpClientClose"/> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="清除接收區" android:id="@+id/btn_tcpCleanClientRecv"/> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="清除傳送區" android:id="@+id/btn_tcpCleanClientSend"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_weight="2"> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="bottom" android:text="接收區：" /> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_weight="5" android:layout_height="0dp" android:id="@+id/txt_ClientRcv" android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_weight="2"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="傳送區：" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/txt_ClientSend" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="7" android:background="@android:color/holo_purple" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_weight="2"> <EditText android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="5" android:id="@+id/edit_tcpClientSend" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <Button android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="right" android:id="@+id/btn_tcpClientSend" android:text="傳送"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
介面完成，關鍵類點名（只點名，不解釋，詳細解釋請使用搜索引擎，太佔篇幅）：
1、Socket;
2、PrintWriter；
3、InputStream；
4、DataInputStream；
以上是構建tcp客戶端的關鍵類，需要明白。
客戶端比伺服器實現簡單很多，下面是實現思路描述：
1、直接使用Socket類，通過ip和port建立連線；
2、建立接收與傳送使用，超時等資源配置；
3、建立監聽迴圈機制；
4、跳出迴圈，關閉連線。
傳送訊息則直接使用之前建立的傳送資源推送即可，不做描述。
具體程式碼如下：
package jason.tcpdemo.coms; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.DataInput; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.Socket; import jason.tcpdemo.funcs.FuncTcpClient; import jason.tcpdemo.funcs.FuncTcpServer; /** * Created by Jason Zhu on 2017-04-25. * */ public class TcpClient implements Runnable{ private String TAG = "TcpClient"; private String serverIP = "192.168.88.141"; private int serverPort = 1234; private PrintWriter pw; private InputStream is; private DataInputStream dis; private boolean isRun = true; private Socket socket = null; byte buff[] = new byte[4096]; private String rcvMsg; private int rcvLen; public TcpClient(String ip , int port){ this.serverIP = ip; this.serverPort = port; } public void closeSelf(){ isRun = false; } public void send(String msg){ pw.println(msg); pw.flush(); } @Override public void run() { try { socket = new Socket(serverIP,serverPort); socket.setSoTimeout(5000); pw = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true); is = socket.getInputStream(); dis = new DataInputStream(is); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } while (isRun){ try { rcvLen = dis.read(buff); rcvMsg = new String(buff,0,rcvLen,"utf-8"); Log.i(TAG, "run: 收到訊息:"+ rcvMsg); Intent intent =new Intent(); intent.setAction("tcpClientReceiver"); intent.putExtra("tcpClientReceiver",rcvMsg); FuncTcpClient.context.sendBroadcast(intent);//將訊息傳送給主介面 if (rcvMsg.equals("QuitClient")){ //伺服器要求客戶端結束 isRun = false; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } try { pw.close(); is.close(); dis.close(); socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
以上，核心程式碼處理完成，通過以上，可以完成tcp 客戶端對伺服器的連線；
對應介面操作程式碼如下（幾個類的介紹和UDP一樣，不贅述）：
package jason.tcpdemo.funcs; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; import java.lang.ref.WeakReference; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.logging.Handler; import jason.tcpdemo.R; import jason.tcpdemo.coms.TcpClient; /** * Created by Jason Zhu on 2017-04-24. * */ public class FuncTcpClient extends Activity { private String TAG = "FuncTcpClient"; @SuppressLint("StaticFieldLeak") public static Context context ; private Button btnStartClient,btnCloseClient, btnCleanClientSend, btnCleanClientRcv,btnClientSend,btnClientRandom; private TextView txtRcv,txtSend; private EditText editClientSend,editClientID, editClientPort,editClientIp; private static TcpClient tcpClient = null; private MyBtnClicker myBtnClicker = new MyBtnClicker(); private final MyHandler myHandler = new MyHandler(this); private MyBroadcastReceiver myBroadcastReceiver = new MyBroadcastReceiver(); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); private class MyBtnClicker implements View.OnClickListener{ @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()){ case R.id.btn_tcpClientConn: Log.i(TAG, "onClick: 開始"); btnStartClient.setEnabled(false); btnCloseClient.setEnabled(true); btnClientSend.setEnabled(true); tcpClient = new TcpClient(editClientIp.getText().toString(),getPort(editClientPort.getText().toString())); exec.execute(tcpClient); break; case R.id.btn_tcpClientClose: tcpClient.closeSelf(); btnStartClient.setEnabled(true); btnCloseClient.setEnabled(false); btnClientSend.setEnabled(false); break; case R.id.btn_tcpCleanClientRecv: txtRcv.setText(""); break; case R.id.btn_tcpCleanClientSend: txtSend.setText(""); break; case R.id.btn_tcpClientRandomID: break; case R.id.btn_tcpClientSend: Message message = Message.obtain(); message.what = 2; message.obj = editClientSend.getText().toString(); myHandler.sendMessage(message); exec.execute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { tcpClient.send(editClientSend.getText().toString()); } }); break; } } } private class MyHandler extends android.os.Handler{ private WeakReference<FuncTcpClient> mActivity; MyHandler(FuncTcpClient activity){ mActivity = new WeakReference<FuncTcpClient>(activity); } @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { if (mActivity != null){ switch (msg.what){ case 1: txtRcv.append(msg.obj.toString()); break; case 2: txtSend.append(msg.obj.toString()); break; } } } } private class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String mAction = intent.getAction(); switch (mAction){ case "tcpClientReceiver": String msg = intent.getStringExtra("tcpClientReceiver"); Message message = Message.obtain(); message.what = 1; message.obj = msg; myHandler.sendMessage(message); break; } } } private int getPort(String msg){ if (msg.equals("")){ msg = "1234"; } return Integer.parseInt(msg); } protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.tcp_client); context = this; bindID(); bindListener(); bindReceiver(); Ini(); } private void bindID(){ btnStartClient = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_tcpClientConn); btnCloseClient = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_tcpClientClose); btnCleanClientRcv = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_tcpCleanClientRecv); btnCleanClientSend = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_tcpCleanClientSend); btnClientRandom = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_tcpClientRandomID); btnClientSend = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_tcpClientSend); editClientPort = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_tcpClientPort); editClientIp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_tcpClientIp); editClientSend = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_tcpClientSend); txtRcv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_ClientRcv); txtSend = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_ClientSend); } private void bindListener(){ btnStartClient.setOnClickListener(myBtnClicker); btnCloseClient.setOnClickListener(myBtnClicker); btnCleanClientRcv.setOnClickListener(myBtnClicker); btnCleanClientSend.setOnClickListener(myBtnClicker); btnClientRandom.setOnClickListener(myBtnClicker); btnClientSend.setOnClickListener(myBtnClicker); } private void bindReceiver(){ IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter("tcpClientReceiver"); registerReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver,intentFilter); } private void Ini(){ btnCloseClient.setEnabled(false); btnClientSend.setEnabled(false); } }
記得新增許可權：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>效果圖如下：
開發環境：Android Studio
附上demo包：