內容有更新哦~~~

能識別小數，科學記數法表示的數，負數亦可。

不多解釋，程式碼先上：

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <fstream>
#include <map>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1002;
const int n_key = 40;
const int n_oper = 21;

char c;

string key_word[n_key] = {"auto", "enum", "restrict", "unsigned", "break",
                    "extern", "return", "void", "case", "float",
                    "short", "volatile", "char", "for", "signed",
                    "while", "const", "goto", "sizeof", "_Bool",
                    "continue", "if", "static", "_Complex", "default",
                    "inline", "struct", "_Imaginary", "do", "int",
                    "switch", "double", "long", "typedef", "else",
                    "register", "union", "main", "scanf", "printf"
};

string oper[] = {"+", "-", "*", "/", "^",
                "<", ">", "++", "--", "==",
                "*=", "/=", ">=", "<=", "<<",
                ">>", ">>=", "<<=", "%", "&",
                "^"
};

char bound[] = {',', ';', '(', ')', '[', ']', '{', '}'};

struct Word{                //詞結構體
    int id;
    string value;
};

struct Num{
    int id;
    int vi;
    double vd;
};
Num n[maxn];        //數字
Word w[maxn];       //詞
map<string, int> m;    //識別符號
int f = 0, ff = 0;


bool is_oper(string s){
    for(int i=0; i<n_oper; i++) if(s == oper[i]) return true;
    return false;
}

bool is_bound(char c){
    for(int i=0; i<sizeof(bound); i++) if(c == bound[i]) return true;
    return false;
}

bool is_key(string s){
    for(int i=0; i<n_key; i++) if(s == key_word[i]) return true;
    return false;
}


int stoi(string s){                         //get int
    int ans = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<s.size(); i++) ans = ans * 10 + s[i] - '0';
    return ans;
}

double stof(string s){                      //get double
    long long ans = 0;
    int fd = -1, fe = -1;
    for(int i=0; i<s.size(); i++){
        if(s[i] == '.'){
            fd = i;
            continue;
        }
        if(s[i] == 'e'){
            fe = i;
            continue;
        }
        ans = ans * 10 + s[i] - '0';
    }
    if(fd != -1 && fe == -1) return double(ans)/(pow(10, s.size() - fd - 1));
    else if(fd == -1 && fe != -1){
        long long temp = ans % (long long)pow(10, s.size() - fe - 1);     //得到e後的數字
        ans /= pow(10, s.size() - fe - 1);                                //得到e前的數字
        return double(ans*pow(10, temp));
    }
    else{
        long long temp = ans % (long long)pow(10, s.size() - fe - 1);     //得到e後的數字
        ans /= pow(10, s.size() - fe - 1);                                //得到e前的數字
        long long tt = (s.size() - fd - 1) - (s.size() - fe - 1) - 1;     //得到.後的數字
        return (double)ans/pow(10, tt) * (pow(10, temp));
    }
}

void getword(char filename[]){
    freopen(filename, "r", stdin);              //重定向

    string str = "";
    int flag, is_end;
    is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
    while(is_end != EOF){
        flag = 0;
        if(isspace(c)){
            str = "";
            while(isspace(c) && is_end != EOF){   //濾空格
                is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
            }
        }
        if(isalpha(c)){                         //以字母開頭
            str = "";
            while(isalnum(c) || c == '_'){
                str += c;
                is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
            }
            w[++f].value = str;
            if(is_key(str)) w[f].id = 1;        //保留字
            else{
                w[f].id = 2;                     //識別符號
                m[str] ++;
            }
            flag = 1;
        }
        if(isdigit(c)){                          //數字
            int fd = 0, fe = 0, fflag = 0, is_neg = 0;
            if(str == "-") is_neg = 1;
            str = "";
            while(isdigit(c) || c == '.' || c == 'e'){
                if(c == '.') fd ++;
                if(c == 'e') fe ++;
                if(c == '.' && fe) fflag = 1;
                str += c;
                is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
            }
            if(str[str.size()-1] == '.' || str[str.size()-1] == 'e') fflag = 1;
            if(fflag){
                cout<<"錯誤-->不合法數字："<<(is_neg ? "-" + str : str)<<endl;    //忽略不合法輸入
            }
            else{
                if(!fd && !fe){
                    n[++ff].vi = (is_neg ? -stoi(str) : stoi(str));
                    n[ff].id = 1;
                }
                else{
                    n[++ff].vd = (is_neg ? -stof(str) : stof(str));
                    n[ff].id = 2;
                }
                w[++f].id = 3;  w[f].value = (is_neg ? "-" + str : str);
            }
            flag = 1;
        }
        if(is_bound(c)){            //界符
            str = "";
            str += c;
            w[++f].value = str;
            w[f].id = 4;

            is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
            flag = 1;
        }
        string ss = "";
        ss += c;
        if(is_oper(ss)){
            bool is_lastdigt = isdigit(str[str.size()-1]);
            str = "";
            while(is_oper(ss)){
                str += c;
                is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
                ss += c;
            }
            if(str == "-" && !is_lastdigt && isdigit(c)) continue;
            if(is_oper(str)){
                w[++f].value = str;
                w[f].id = 5;
            }
            flag = 1;
        }
        if(!flag && is_end != EOF){
            str = "";
            str += c;
            w[++f].value = str;
            w[f].id = 6;

            is_end = scanf("%c", &c);
        }
    }
    freopen("CON", "r", stdin);           //關閉重定向,恢復標準
}


void to_file1(){                        //主表
    char filename[20];
    puts("請輸入詞法分析主表要儲存到的地址：");
    scanf("%s", filename);
    fstream out;
    out.open(filename, ios::out);
    out<<"1.保留字   2.識別符號   3.數字   4.界符   5.操作符   6.其他"<<endl<<endl;
    for(int i=1; i<=f; i++) out<<w[i].id<<"  "<<w[i].value<<endl;
    out.close();
}

void to_file2(){                        //識別符號表
    ofstream out;
    char filename[20];
    puts("請輸入詞法分析識別符號表要儲存到的地址：");
    scanf("%s", filename);
    out.open(filename, ios::out);
    map<string, int>::iterator it;
    for(it=m.begin(); it!=m.end(); it++) out<<it->first<<endl;
    out.close();
}

void to_file3(){                        //數字表
    ofstream out;
    char filename[20];
    puts("請輸入詞法分析數字表要儲存到的地址：");
    scanf("%s", filename);
    out.open(filename, ios::out);
    out<<"1.int   2.double"<<endl<<endl;
    for(int i=1; i<=ff; i++) out<<n[i].id<<"  "<<(n[i].id == 1 ? n[i].vi : n[i].vd)<<endl;
    out.close();
}


int main(){
    char filename[20];
    puts("請輸入您要開啟的檔案地址：");
    scanf("%s", filename);

    getword(filename);

    to_file1();
    to_file2();
    to_file3();

    return 0;
}
 

編譯原理之詞法分析實驗終於寫完了，收工啦~~~

PS:本人還是比較滿意的o(^▽^)o