本人是linux新手，把一些常用的命令記在這裡。

檢視ubuntu版本 sudo lsb_release -a

安裝軟體 sudo apt-get install ***   eg：sudo apt-get install apt-file

刪除軟體 sudo apt-get remove ***

查詢檔案 

dpkg -s glfw.h  只能找已經存在的package

apt-file search glfw.h 

locate glfw.h

改名字

mv oldfilename newfilename

檢視許可權

ls -l filename

ls -l|more filename (檢視你當前的許可權)

修改許可權

chmod 755 twitter

chmod 644 twitter/*.*  

顯示檔案

cat filename

壓縮當前資料夾的所有檔案

zip  -r  ./project.zip ./*

unzip  project.zip

unzip -d -o project.zip ./project (-d表示解壓路徑,-o不提示的情況下覆蓋檔案)

其他壓縮和解壓

unzip: gunzip project.gz 

   gzip -d project.gz

   tar -zxvf project.tar.gz 

   tar -xvf  project.tar

zip: gzip project.tar.gz

       gzip project.tgz

tar -zcvf project.tar.gz

        tar -cvf project.tar

檢視檔案多少行

wc -l edit.txt

檢視檔案具體的某一行

sed -n '190,196p' a.txt 檢視的是190到196

sed -n '190,1p' a.txt  檢視190那一行

批量刪除資料夾裡同一字尾名的檔案

find -name "*.s" -exec rm -f {} \; 

快捷鍵

開啟新的終端 ctrl+alt+t

切換介面 alt+tab 

殺死程序 ctrl+c

emacs 

[email protected]

alt+w copy

ctrl+y paste

ctrl+/ cancel

ctrl+x s save

ctrl+x c quit

C-x 0 : 關閉當前視窗

C-x 1 : 將當前視窗最大化

C-x 2 : 垂直分割視窗

C-x 3 : 水平分割視窗

C-x o: 不同視窗間移動游標

從快取中恢復原檔案 M-x recover file<Return> (M:ESC)

查詢 M-x grep-find ***

• To exit emacs editor:

CTRL-x CTRL-c

Manipulating files with emacs

CTRL-x CTRL-f read a file into an emacs buffer

CTRL-x CTRL-s save file to disk

CTRL-x i inserts another file into this file

CTRL-x CTRL-w writes buffer to a file you name (use this like "save as")

Moving around in emacs

CTRL-f move forward one character

CTRL-b move backward one character

CTRL-n move forward one line

CTRL-p move backward one line

M-f move forward one word

M-b move backward one word

CTRL-a move to the beginning of line

CTRL-e move to the end of the line

CTRL-v scroll to next screen

M-v scroll to previous screen

CTRL-x b move to another buffer

Changing and moving text

Backspace, or CTRL-d : delete the character behind or at the cursor

M-d : delete the next word

CTRL-k : delete to the end of the line

[email protected] or CTRL-SPC : mark the beginning of a region

CTRL-w : cut (wipe) from here to beginning of the region

CTRL-y : insert here what you last deleted/cut/copied

M-w : copy from here to beginning of the region (same effect as CTRL-w CTRL-y)

Abort and undo

CTRL-g aborts a partially typed or executing command

CTRL- _(underscore) undoes the last change (repeatedly using undo will undo the last several changes)

Using two windows

• Create two windows:

CTRL-x 2 (this will split your screen into two windows)

CTRL-x o (move in the bottom window; use the same command to get back into the

upper window; here o is the letter not zero)

CTRL-x 1 (to kill one window)

Other Editors 0r Help with unix