概述

 1. 檢視系統中是否已經自帶Mysql資料庫
 2. 使用yum命令進行Mysql的安裝
 3. Mysql資料庫的初始化及相關配置
 4. 遠端連線Mysql及授權

1.檢視系統中是否已經自帶Mysql資料庫

[root@Sunzh ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql   //檢視是否已經安裝了Mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
[root@Sunzh ~]# rpm -e mysql           //普通刪除
error: package mysql is not installed
[root@Sunzh
 
 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql  //強制刪除
error: package mysql is not installed

2. 使用yum命令進行Mysql的安裝

[[email protected] ~]# yum list | grep mysql  //檢視yum上提供下載的mysql的版本資訊
mysql-libs.x86_64                             5.1.73-8.el6_8               @base
apr-util-mysql.x86_64                         1.3
 
.9-3.el6_0.1              base
asterisk-mysql.x86_64                         1.8.32.3-2.el6               epel
bacula-director-mysql.x86_64                  5.0.0-13.el6                 base
bacula-storage-mysql.x86_64                   5.0.0-13.el6                 base
collectd-mysql.x86_64                         4.10
 
.9-5.el6                 epel
dmlite-plugins-mysql.x86_64                   1.10.3-1.el6                 epel
dovecot-mysql.x86_64                          1:2.0.9-22.el6               base
dpm-copy-server-mysql.x86_64                  1.10.0-5.el6                 epel
dpm-name-server-mysql.x86_64                  1.10.0-5.el6                 epel
dpm-server-mysql.x86_64                       1.10.0-5.el6                 epel
dpm-srm-server-mysql.x86_64                   1.10.0-5.el6                 epel
.........

[root@Sunzh ~]# yum install -y mysql-server mysql mysql-deve   //安裝資料庫
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No package mysql-deve available.
Resolving Dependencies
.........

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qi mysql-server   //檢視資料庫版本等資訊
Name        : mysql-server                 Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 5.1.73                            Vendor: CentOS
Release     : 8.el6_8                       Build Date: Fri 27 Jan 2017 06:25:43 AM CST
Install Date: Fri 03 Aug 2018 10:23:55 AM CST      Build Host: c1bm.rdu2.centos.org
Group       : Applications/Databases        Source RPM: mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.src.rpm
Size        : 25884131                         License: GPLv2 with exceptions
Signature   : RSA/SHA1, Fri 27 Jan 2017 06:35:28 AM CST, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
URL         : http://www.mysql.com
Summary     : The MySQL server and related files
Description :
MySQL is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. MySQL is a
client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld)
and many different client programs and libraries. This package contains
the MySQL server and some accompanying files and directories.

3. Mysql資料庫的初始化及相關配置

[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start   //第一次啟動mysql服務，首先會進行初始化的配置
Initializing MySQL database:  WARNING: The host 'Sunzh' could not be looked up with resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQL privileges !
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
.........

[root@Sunzh ~]# service mysqld start   //第二次不會
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

設定開機自動啟動

[root@Sunzh ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld //未設定前的狀態
mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off

[root@Sunzh ~]# chkconfig mysqld on            //設定開機啟動

[root@Sunzh ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld //設定後的狀態
mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 'root' //第一次設定密碼

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root -p   //登陸mysql伺服器，密碼是上面設定的root
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

4. 遠端連線Mysql及授權

mysql> show databases;      //檢視所有資料庫
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;       //使用mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> show tables;     //顯示所有的表
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| host                      |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| servers                   |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
23 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select Host,User,Password from user\G;   //檢視賬戶
*************************** 1. row ***************************
    Host: localhost
    User: root
Password: *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
*************************** 2. row ***************************
    Host: sunzh
    User: root
Password:
*************************** 3. row ***************************
    Host: 127.0.0.1
    User: root
Password:
*************************** 4. row ***************************
    Host: localhost
    User:
Password:
*************************** 5. row ***************************
    Host: sunzh
    User:
Password:
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]'%' identified by "root";    //授權
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;    //重新整理
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select Host,User,Password from user\G;   //再次檢視賬號，多了第六條
*************************** 1. row ***************************
    Host: localhost
    User: root
Password: *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
*************************** 2. row ***************************
    Host: sunzh
    User: root
Password:
*************************** 3. row ***************************
    Host: 127.0.0.1
    User: root
Password:
*************************** 4. row ***************************
    Host: localhost
    User:
Password:
*************************** 5. row ***************************
    Host: sunzh
    User:
Password:
*************************** 6. row ***************************//%所有IP都可以訪問
    Host: %
    User: root
Password: *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Navicat測試連線

注意：
服務需要開放3306埠，阿里雲和騰訊雲是在控制檯新增防火牆規則的