第四章：redis 陣列結構的set和一些通用命令
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-31
儲存set ，set不允許有重複元素；
設定 獲取元素：
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 a b c
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1
1) "a"
2) "c"
3) "b"插入相同元素只保留一個：
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 a e f
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
1) "a"
2) "e"
3) "c"
4) "b"
5) "f"刪除多個元素：
simember key 判斷某個元素是否存在，返回1為存在，返回0 為不存在127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1 1) "c" 2) "b" 3) "e" 4) "f" 127.0.0.1:6379> serm set1 c f (error) ERR unknown command 'serm' 127.0.0.1:6379> srem set1 c f (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1 1) "e" 2) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1 1) "e" 2) "b" 127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS key e (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'smembers' command 127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER key e (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER set1 e (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER set1 r (integer) 0
sdiff以前面的集合為參考，計算差集：
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set2 b c d e (integer) 4 127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set2 1) "d" 2) "e" 3) "c" 4) "b" 127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1 1) "e" 2) "b" 127.0.0.1:6379> SDIFF set2 set3 1) "d" 2) "e" 3) "b" 4) "c" 127.0.0.1:6379> SDIFF set3 set2 (empty list or set) 127.0.0.1:6379> SDIFF set2 set1 1) "d" 2) "c"
sinter計算交集 sunion 計算並集：
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1
1) "e"
2) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set2
1) "d"
2) "e"
3) "c"
4) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SINTER set1 set2
1) "e"
2) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SUNION set1 set2
1) "d"
2) "e"
3) "c"
4) "b"scard計算元素總數：
127.0.0.1:6379> SCARD set1
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1
1) "e"
2) "b"srandmember隨機取一個或多個數：
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set2
1) "d"
2) "e"
3) "c"
4) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SRANDMEMBER set2
"e"
127.0.0.1:6379> SRANDMEMBER set2 2
1) "d"
2) "c"sdiffstore把差集結果儲存到一個新的集合中
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set2
1) "d"
2) "e"
3) "c"
4) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1
1) "e"
2) "b"
127.0.0.1:6379> SDIFFSTORE r set1 set2
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> SDIFFSTORE r set2 set1
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS r
1) "d"
2) "c"sunionstore把交集結果儲存到一個新的集合中：
127.0.0.1:6379> SUNIONSTORE r2 set1 set2
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS r2
1) "d"
2) "e"
3) "c"
4) "b"下面我們說說sorted-set有序排序的資料結構，也就是集合元素是有序排列的：
zadd 新增元素，這裡我們以成績和姓名為例，這裡按成績的從小到高排列的：
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sort2 2 xiaoming 3 xiaohua 1 xiaohong
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaoming"
3) "xiaohua"zadd新增元素，有則更新，無則新增，也就是沒有重複的值：
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sort2 2 xiaoming 3 xiaohua 1 xiaohong
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaoming"
3) "xiaohua"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD sort2 6 xiaoming
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaohua"
3) "xiaoming"
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sort2 4 xiaoliang
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaohua"
3) "xiaoliang"
4) "xiaoming"zrem刪除元素：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaohua"
3) "xiaoliang"
4) "xiaoming"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrem sort2 xiaohua
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaoliang"
3) "xiaoming"zcard檢視元素個數：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaoliang"
3) "xiaoming"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZCARD sort2
(integer) 3把分數和姓名都顯示出來：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1 withscores
1) "xiaohong"
2) "1"
3) "xiaoliang"
4) "4"
5) "xiaoming"
6) "6"zrevrange降序排列：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZREVRANGE sort2 0 -1 withscores
1) "xiaoming"
2) "6"
3) "xiaoliang"
4) "4"
5) "xiaohong"
6) "1"新增兩個元素，根據排名刪除元素，這裡刪除前三個：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD sort2 2 xiaohuang
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD sort2 3 xiaozi
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaohuang"
3) "xiaozi"
4) "xiaoliang"
5) "xiaoming"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZREMRANGEBYRANK sort2 0 2
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaoliang"
2) "xiaoming"zremrangebyscore 根據具體分數範圍刪除元素：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1 withscores
1) "xiaohong"
2) "1"
3) "xiaohuang"
4) "2"
5) "xiaozi"
6) "3"
7) "xiaoliang"
8) "4"
9) "xiaoming"
10) "6"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZREMRANGEBYscore sort2 2 5
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaoming"再增加元素，然後根據分數範圍查詢：
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sort2 2 xiaohuang 3 xiaozi 4 xiaoliang
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaohuang"
3) "xiaozi"
4) "xiaoliang"
5) "xiaoming"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGEBYSCORE sort2 2 5
1) "xiaohuang"
2) "xiaozi"
3) "xiaoliang"limit類似分頁查詢：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1 withscores
1) "xiaohong"
2) "1"
3) "xiaohuang"
4) "2"
5) "xiaozi"
6) "3"
7) "xiaoliang"
8) "4"
9) "xiaoming"
10) "6"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGEBYSCORE sort2 0 9 limit 0 2
1) "xiaohong"
2) "xiaohuang"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGEBYSCORE sort2 0 9 withscores limit 0 2
1) "xiaohong"
2) "1"
3) "xiaohuang"
4) "2"zincrby加分：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZINCRBY sort2 10 xiaohong
"11"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1
1) "xiaohuang"
2) "xiaozi"
3) "xiaoliang"
4) "xiaoming"
5) "xiaohong"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1 withscores
1) "xiaohuang"
2) "2"
3) "xiaozi"
4) "3"
5) "xiaoliang"
6) "4"
7) "xiaoming"
8) "6"
9) "xiaohong"
10) "11"zcount計算某個評分範圍內的個數：
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE sort2 0 -1 withscores
1) "xiaohuang"
2) "2"
3) "xiaozi"
4) "3"
5) "xiaoliang"
6) "4"
7) "xiaoming"
8) "6"
9) "xiaohong"
10) "11"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZCOUNT sort2 0 20
(integer) 5redis的一些通用操作：
關鍵字查詢key：
127.0.0.1:6379> keys s*
1) "sort2"
2) "set2"
3) "set1"
4) "sort"
5) "sort1"查詢s開頭，後面只跟一個字元的key:
127.0.0.1:6379> set s1 aa
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> key s*
(error) ERR unknown command 'key'
127.0.0.1:6379> keys s?
1) "s1"del刪除元素：
127.0.0.1:6379> del sort s1
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> keys s*
1) "sort2"
2) "set2"
3) "set1"
4) "sort1"rename重新命名：
127.0.0.1:6379> set s2 ss
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> rename s2 s3
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get s3
"ss"expire設定有效時間，單位是秒：
127.0.0.1:6379> EXPIRE s3 12
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> s3 ttl
(error) ERR unknown command 's3'
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl s3
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> get s3
(nil)type檢視資料型別：
127.0.0.1:6379> type sort2
zset
127.0.0.1:6379> type name
string
127.0.0.1:6379> type l1
list