asp.net單檔案帶進度條上傳
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-31
最近做專案中遇到很多問題，比如帶進度條的檔案上傳，看了網上很多資料還沒找到真正意義上的ASP.NET實現進度條上傳（可能是我沒找到），下面我來跟大家分享一下我實現的這個程式。
首先看下介面效果，當然你可以完全修改介面為你自己所用。（該截圖為google瀏覽器版本 42.0.2311.90截圖）
先解釋一下這個程式，該程式採用了jquery框架，實現了小檔案上傳，不超過80Mb，可以在web.config檔案中進行相應的配置，但是有個最大值，具體需要檢視msdn。開發環境採用visual studio 2013 .net framework 4.5，執行的時候大家注意一下是否滿足要求，好了，下面直入正題。
先來看看實現原理。基本原理：一個頁面進行檔案上傳，另外一個頁面去監聽這個檔案上傳了多少。
這裡面有兩個地方需要解釋一下：第一個，如何知道監聽的這個檔案就是上傳的這個檔案？實現機制很簡單，就是讓asp.net產生一個唯一的guid，這個id序號是唯一的，通過ajax取出來賦值給一個隱藏欄位；第二個，如何獲取guid標誌的檔案資訊？通過asp.net快取機制實現，上傳的過程中，不斷的將上傳資訊往快取裡面寫，直到檔案上傳完成，而在另外一個通過guid獲取快取的資訊，資訊包括你想要的資訊，比如上傳了多少位元組、消耗了多長時間等。好了，要點就解釋到這裡，有疑問的話給我留言。
下面來說說具體的實現：
檔案目錄結構如下：
index.htm就是檔案上傳頁面，提交form給UploadHandler目錄下的Default.aspx，以實現檔案上傳。
ProgressHandler目錄下三個檔案為Abort.ashx、GenericGuid.ashx,Handler.ashx功能分別為：根據Guid取消正在上傳的檔案，生成Guid，根據Guid獲取上傳資訊。
第一步：建立index.htm頁面，這個上傳頁面，需要注意的就是需要一個隱藏的iframe，並且名字為form提交的目標。
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>ASP.NET Ajax檔案上傳進度條示例</title> <meta name="author" content="李檢全" /> <link href="Styles/base.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/jquery-ui-1.8.2.custom.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/ljq.lib.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/Ajax/GuidGet.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/Ajax/ajax-progress-upload.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <div id="upload_demo"> <div class="title">ASP.NET Ajax 檔案上傳進度條示例</div> <form action="UploadHandler/Default.aspx" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" target="upload_hidden_iframe"> <input id="guid" name="guid" value="" type="hidden" /> <p>*本程式適合小檔案上傳，不超過80Mb</p> <p>檔案地址</p> <input name="upload_file" type="file" /> <br /> <p>檔案描述</p> <textarea name="description_file"></textarea> <br /> <br /> <input type="submit" value="上傳檔案" /> </form> </div> <div id="back_panel"></div> <div id="upload_panel"> <div id="upload_title">檔案上傳</div> <div id="upload_content"> <ul> <li id="finished_percent">正在準備上傳...</li> <li><div id="upload_bar"><div id="upload_progress"></div></div></li> <li id="upload_speed"></li> <li id="upload_costTime"></li> <li id="upload_fileSize"></li> <li id="upload_fileName"></li> </ul> <div id="upload_detail"></div> <div id="upload_choose"> <span id="upload_cancel">取消</span><span id="upload_submit">確定</span> </div> </div> </div> <iframe name="upload_hidden_iframe" style="display:none;"></iframe> </body> </html>
第二步，建立GenerateGuid.ashx檔案，作用就是生成唯一的Guid.
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="ProgressHandler.Handler" %>
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace ProgressHandler
{
public class Handler : IHttpHandler
{
/// <summary>
/// 獲得上傳檔案的GUID
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context">當前請求實體</param>
/// <creattime>2015-06-28</creattime>
/// <author>FreshMan</author>
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
context.Response.ContentType = "application/xml";
var guid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
var doc = new XDocument();
var root = new XElement("root");
var xGuid = new XElement("guid", guid);
root.Add(xGuid);
doc.Add(root);
context.Response.Write(doc.ToString());
context.Response.End();
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get { return false; }
}
}
}第三步，建立Default.aspx檔案，用於提交表單時上傳檔案。
using System;
namespace UploadHandler
{
public partial class UploadHandlerDefault : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string guid = Request.Params["guid"];
UploadUtil utilHelp = new UploadUtil(this, guid);
utilHelp.Upload();
}
}
}上傳核心程式碼：
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.Caching;
using System.Threading;
public class UploadUtil
{
private Stream _reader;
private FileStream _fStream;
private const int Buffersize = 10000;
private readonly string _filePath =new Page().Server.MapPath(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["upload_folder"]);
private readonly Page _page;
private readonly string _guid;
public UploadUtil(Page page, string guid)
{
_page = page;
_guid = guid;
}
public void Upload()
{
if (_page.Request.Files.Count > 0)
{
DoUpload(_page.Request.Files[0]);
}
}
private void DoUpload(HttpPostedFile postedFile)
{
bool abort = false;
string uploadFilePath = _filePath + DateTime.Now.ToFileTime()+"//";
if (!Directory.Exists(uploadFilePath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadFilePath);
}
string uploadFileName = postedFile.FileName;
DownloadingFileInfo info = new DownloadingFileInfo(uploadFileName, postedFile.ContentLength, postedFile.ContentType);
object fileObj = HttpContext.Current.Cache[_guid];
if (fileObj != null)
{
HttpContext.Current.Cache.Remove(_guid);
}
HttpContext.Current.Cache.Add(_guid, info, null, DateTime.Now.AddDays(1), TimeSpan.Zero, CacheItemPriority.AboveNormal, null);
DateTime begin=DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime();
_fStream = new FileStream(uploadFilePath + uploadFileName, FileMode.Create);
_reader = postedFile.InputStream;
byte []buffer=new byte[Buffersize];
int len = _reader.Read(buffer,0,Buffersize);
while (len > 0&&!abort)
{
_fStream.Write(buffer,0,len);
DateTime end = DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime();
info.CostTime = (long)(end - begin).TotalMilliseconds;
info.FileFinished += len;
//模擬延時用，實際應用的時候登出他
Thread.Sleep(1000);
HttpContext.Current.Cache[_guid] = info;
abort=((DownloadingFileInfo)HttpContext.Current.Cache[_guid]).Abort;
len = _reader.Read(buffer,0,Buffersize);
}
_reader.Close();
_fStream.Close();
if (abort)
{
if (File.Exists(uploadFilePath + uploadFileName))
{
File.Delete(uploadFilePath + uploadFileName);
}
}
}
}第四步，建立Handler.ashx檔案，用於檢視檔案上傳情況。
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="ProgressHandler.Handler" %>
using System.Web;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace ProgressHandler
{
public class Handler : IHttpHandler
{
/// <summary>
/// 獲得上傳檔案的進度
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context">當前請求實體</param>
/// <creattime>2015-06-28</creattime>
/// <author>FreshMan</author>
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "application/xml";
context.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
var guid = context.Request.Form["guid"];
var info = context.Cache[guid] as DownloadingFileInfo;
var doc = new XDocument();
var root = new XElement("root");
if (info != null)
{
var fileName = new XElement("fileName", info.FileName);
var fileFinished = new XElement("fileFinished", info.FileFinished);
var fileSize = new XElement("fileSize", info.FileSize);
var costTime = new XElement("costTime", info.CostTime);
var fileState = new XElement("fileState", info.FileState);
var speed = new XElement("speed", info.Speed);
var percent = new XElement("percent", info.Percent);
var abort = new XElement("abort", false);
root.Add(fileName);
root.Add(fileFinished);
root.Add(fileSize);
root.Add(costTime);
root.Add(fileState);
root.Add(speed);
root.Add(percent);
if (info.Abort)
{
abort.Value = info.Abort.ToString();
context.Cache.Remove(guid);
}
if (info.FileState == "finished")
{
context.Cache.Remove(guid);
}
}
else
{
var none = new XElement("none", "no file");
root.Add(none);
}
doc.Add(root);
context.Response.Write(doc.ToString());
context.Response.End();
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get { return false; }
}
}
}第五步，建立Abort.ashx檔案，用於取消上傳。
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="ProgressHandler.Abort" %>
using System.Web;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace ProgressHandler
{
public class Abort : IHttpHandler
{
/// <summary>
/// 取消上傳處理程式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context">當前請求實體</param>
/// <creattime>2015-06-28</creattime>
/// <author>FreshMan</author>
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "application/xml";
context.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
var guid = context.Request.Form["guid"];
var abort = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.Form["abort"]);
var info = context.Cache[guid] as DownloadingFileInfo;
if (info != null)
{
info.Abort = abort;
context.Cache[guid] = info;
}
var doc = new XDocument();
var root = new XElement("root");
var flag = new XElement("flag", info == null ? "false" : "true");
root.Add(flag);
doc.Add(root);
context.Response.Write(doc.ToString());
context.Response.End();
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get { return false; }
}
}
}好了，下面就是編寫javascript指令碼了，我引用了jquery這個框架，另外還用了ui框架。
核心程式碼是ajax-progress-upload.js檔案，另外還有一個獲取guid的檔案。
$(document).ready(function () {
var _guid_url = "ProgressHandler/GenerateGuid.ashx";
var _progress_url = "ProgressHandler/Handler.ashx";
var _abort_url = "ProgressHandler/Abort.ashx";
var _target = "#guid";
var _guid = "";
var _cancel = false;
var _timer;
LJQ.setGuid(_target, _guid_url);
$("#upload_panel").draggable({ handle: "#upload_title" });
$("#upload_choose span").hover(function () {
$(this).css({
"color": "#f6af3a",
"border": "1px solid #e78f08"
});
}, function () {
$(this).css({
"color": "#1c94cd",
"border": "1px solid #ddd"
});
});
$("#upload_cancel").click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: _abort_url,
data: { guid: _guid, abort: true },
dataType: "xml",
type: "post",
success: function () {
$("#upload_panel").fadeOut('fast');
$("#back_panel").fadeOut(1000);
window.clearInterval(_timer);
}
});
});
$("#upload_submit").click(function () {
$("#upload_panel").fadeOut('fast');
$("#back_panel").fadeOut("1000");
});
$("form").submit(function () {
_guid = $(_target).val();
if ($("input[name='upload_file']").val() == "") {
alert("未指定上傳檔案！");
return false;
}
$("#upload_progress").css("width", "0%");
$("#finished_percent").html("準備上傳...");
$("#upload_speed").html("");
$("#upload_fileName").html("");
$("#upload_fileSize").html("");
$("#upload_costTime").html("");
var _option = {
url: _progress_url,
data: { guid: _guid },
dataType: "xml",
type: "post",
beforeSend: function () {
$("#back_panel").fadeTo('fast', '0.5');
$("#upload_panel").fadeIn('1000');
},
success: function (response) {
if ($(response).find("root abort").text() == "true") {
$("#upload_panel").fadeOut('fast');
$("#back_panel").fadeOut(1000);
window.clearInterval(_timer);
}
else if ($(response).find("root none").text() == "no file") {
}
else {
var _percent = ($(response).find("root percent").text() * 100);
var _speed = $(response).find("root speed").text();
var _fileSize = $(response).find("root fileSize").text();
var _upload_costTime = $(response).find("root costTime").text();
if (parseInt(_speed) < 1024) {
_speed = LJQ.toFix(_speed) + "Kb";
} else {
_speed = LJQ.toFix(_speed / 1024) + "Mb";
}
if (parseInt(_fileSize) / 1024 < 1024) {
_fileSize = LJQ.toFix(_fileSize / 1024) + "Kb";
} else if (parseInt(_fileSize) / 1024 / 1024 < 1024) {
_fileSize = LJQ.toFix(_fileSize / 1024 / 1024) + "Mb";
} else {
_fileSize = LJQ.toFix(_fileSize / 1024 / 1024 / 1024) + "Gb";
}
if (_upload_costTime < 1000) {
_upload_costTime = _upload_costTime + "毫秒";
} else if (_upload_costTime / 1000 < 60) {
_upload_costTime = parseInt(_upload_costTime / 1000) + "秒" + _upload_costTime % 1000 + "毫秒";
} else {
_upload_costTime = parseInt(_upload_costTime / 1000 / 60) + "分" + parseInt((_upload_costTime % 60000) / 1000) + "秒" + _upload_costTime % 1000 + "毫秒";
}
$("#upload_progress").css("width", parseInt(_percent) + "%");
$("#finished_percent").html("完成百分比：" + LJQ.toFix(_percent) + "%");
$("#upload_speed").html("上傳速度：" + _speed + "/sec");
$("#upload_fileName").html("檔名稱：" + $(response).find("root fileName").text());
$("#upload_fileSize").html("檔案大小：" + _fileSize);
$("#upload_costTime").html("上傳耗時：" + _upload_costTime);
if (_percent >= 100) {
window.clearInterval(_timer);
$("#finished_percent").html("<span style='color:green;'>檔案上傳完成</span>");
}
if (_cancel) {
window.clearInterval(_timer);
}
}
},
error: function () { }
};
_timer = window.setInterval(function () { $.ajax(_option); }, 1000);
});
});我是小白（FreshMan：如有指教可聯絡QQ：1174632606）