MS Office 自動化程式設計（二）---Word文件的讀寫
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-02
示例一：儲存至Word
經過一些瞭解之後，就不需要每次都將所有的介面匯入工程了。可以根據需要匯入，此次匯入的介面為：
Application、_Document、Documents、Range。新建基於對話方塊的MFC工程，引入標頭檔案，關鍵程式碼如下：
void CWordOperationDlg::OnClickedButton1() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here CApplication oApp; CDocuments oDocs; CDocument0 oDoc; if (!oApp.CreateDispatch(_T("Word.Application"), NULL)) { AfxMessageBox(_T("啟動Word程式失敗！")); exit(1); } //檢視自動化過程 oApp.put_Visible(true); oDocs = oApp.get_Documents(); COleVariant varOPt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); COleVariant varStartLine, varEndLine; varStartLine.intVal = 2; varEndLine.intVal = 50; //新增一個新文件 oDoc = oDocs.Add(varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt); //獲取文件區域 CRange range = oDoc.Range(varStartLine, varEndLine); UpdateData(TRUE); range.put_Text(m_edit); //儲存docx文件 try { oDoc.SaveAs(COleVariant(_T("G:\\softwaredevelopment\\MFC_VC_Windows\\project\\TEMP.DOCX")), varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt); } catch (COleException* e) { LPVOID lpMsg; ::FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, e->m_sc, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), (LPTSTR)&lpMsg, 0, NULL); ::MessageBox(NULL, (LPCTSTR)lpMsg, _T("COM Error"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND); ::LocalFree(lpMsg); } catch(COleDispatchException *e) { TCHAR msg[512]; wsprintf(msg, _T("程式執行出錯'%d',系統提示資訊為:\n\n%s"), e->m_scError & 0x0000FFFF, e->m_strDescription); ::MessageBox(NULL, msg, _T("無法儲存檔案"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND); } oDoc.Close(varOPt, varOPt, varOPt); oApp.Quit(varOPt, varOPt, varOPt); }
執行結果：
示例二：Word表格操作
Word表格由表和單元格組成，對應Table和Cell物件，在以上工程中引入相應介面Table,Tables,Cell,Paragraph,Paragraphs，對錶格的新增過程是先建表，再設定單元格。
在以上工程的基礎上新增的關鍵程式碼：
//得到段落 oParas = oDoc.get_Paragraphs(); oPara = oParas.get_First(); //得到段落區域 oRange = oPara.get_Range(); //設定第一段內容 oRange.put_Text(_T("標題")); oPara.put_Alignment(1); COleVariant table_start(short(2)); oRange = oDoc.Range(table_start, varOPt); //新增表格 oTables = oDoc.get_Tables(); oTable = oTables.Add(oRange, 3, 3, varOPt, varOPt); //設定表格內容 for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) { for (int j = 1; j <= 3; j++) { oCell = oTable.Cell(i, j); oRange = oCell.get_Range(); CString txt; txt.Format(_T("第%d行第%d列"),i,j); oRange.put_Bold(1); oRange.put_Text(txt); } }
操作Word結果：
示例二：Word報表解決方法
由以上示例可以看出對Word的操作是相當繁瑣的，針對於此，利用Word的模板，只需填入關鍵文字，就能得到一份精美的Word文件。
同理，首先將報表的格式固定做成模板，程式向單元格填入資料。而利用“書籤”就能快速定位正確的輸出位置。在型別庫中，對應的介面為Bookmarks、Bookmark。
1、先準備好Wrod模板
2、新建MFC基於對話方塊工程WordReport
3、根據需要引入型別庫中的介面
關鍵部分程式碼：
void CWordReportDlg::OnBnClickedButton1() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here CTable0 table; CTables0 tables; if (!m_oApp.CreateDispatch(_T("Word.Application"), NULL)) { AfxMessageBox(_T("Create Word service failed!")); exit(1); } m_oApp.put_Visible(true); m_oDocs = m_oApp.get_Documents(); COleVariant vopt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); COleVariant start_line, end_line; COleVariant dot(_T("G:\\softwaredevelopment\\MFC_VC_Windows\\project\\template.dot")); //使用模板建立文件 m_oDoc = m_oDocs.Add(&dot, &vopt, &vopt, &vopt); //獲取文件書籤 m_oBookmarks = m_oDoc.get_Bookmarks(); //依次設定標籤 COleVariant tem1(_T("rol1")); m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem1); m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range(); //設定標題 m_oRange.put_Text(_T("標題1")); COleVariant tem2(_T("rol2")); m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem2); m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range(); //設定標題 m_oRange.put_Text(_T("標題2")); COleVariant tem3(_T("rol3")); m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem3); m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range(); //設定標題 m_oRange.put_Text(_T("標題3")); //設定報表時間 COleVariant tem4(_T("time")); m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem4); m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range(); //設定標題 m_oRange.put_Text(_T("2012年5月20日")); //設定單元格內容 tables = m_oDoc.get_Tables(); table = tables.Item(1); CCell cell; for (int i = 2; i <= 9; i++) { for (int j = 1; j <= 3; j++) { cell = table.Cell(i,j); m_oRange = cell.get_Range(); m_oRange.put_Text(_T("template")); } } } void CWordReportDlg::OnBnClickedButton2() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here if (m_oDocs.m_lpDispatch == NULL) { AfxMessageBox(_T("can't preview!")); return; } else { if (!m_oApp.get_PrintPreview()) { m_oApp.put_PrintPreview(TRUE); } else { m_oApp.put_PrintPreview(FALSE); } } } void CWordReportDlg::OnBnClickedButton3() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here if (m_oDocs.m_lpDispatch == NULL) { AfxMessageBox(_T("Nothing! can't save!")); return; } else { OPENFILENAME ofn; TCHAR lpStrFileName[MAX_PATH] = _T(""); ZeroMemory(&ofn, sizeof(ofn)); ofn.lStructSize = sizeof(OPENFILENAME); ofn.hwndOwner = this->m_hWnd; ofn.lpstrFilter = _T("Word(.docx)\0*.docx\0"); ofn.nMaxFile = MAX_PATH; ofn.lpstrFile = lpStrFileName; ofn.hInstance = AfxGetInstanceHandle(); ofn.Flags = OPEN_EXISTING; COleVariant varOPt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); if (GetSaveFileName(&ofn) == IDOK) { CString sFile = ofn.lpstrFile; try { m_oDoc.SaveAs(COleVariant(sFile), varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt); } catch (COleException* e) { LPVOID lpMsg; ::FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, e->m_sc, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), (LPTSTR)&lpMsg, 0, NULL); ::MessageBox(NULL, (LPCTSTR)lpMsg, _T("COM Error"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND); ::LocalFree(lpMsg); } catch(COleDispatchException *e) { TCHAR msg[512]; wsprintf(msg, _T("程式執行出錯'%d',系統提示資訊為:\n\n%s"), e->m_scError & 0x0000FFFF, e->m_strDescription); ::MessageBox(NULL, msg, _T("無法儲存檔案"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND); } COleVariant vopt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); m_oApp.Quit(COleVariant((short)true), vopt, vopt); } } }
程式執行結果：
