實戰場景：網站上線，要保證在不影響原正式網站的前提下，部署一套網站的測試環境，供客戶測試；

網站域名：www.xxxxx.com

解決此問題有2中解決方案：

①通過域名+指定路徑的方式部署，即：www.xxxxx.com/test，客戶可以直接通過域名訪問測試環境；

②通過內網IP方式部署，即：選擇一臺nginx伺服器，對測試環境做反向代理，客戶只能通過VPN+內網IP的方式訪問測試環境；

由於還需代理其他應用，所以第一種方式面臨的問題很多，結果我們選擇的第二種方式第二天被客戶pass，所以又不得不尋求其他的解決方案。

為解決客戶要求，想到了2中解決方案：

①nginx代理網站子域名，對映到測試環境。即：不同的域名對映到不同的應用環境，這種方式需要申請子域名。

②nginx代理網站域名的8080埠，對映到測試環境。即：同一域名的不同埠對映到不同的應用環境，這種方式需要域名服務商開放8080埠。

客戶原因，選擇第二種方式。

下面是nginx.conf配置檔案：

user  nobody;
worker_processes  8;

error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    client_max_body_size 100m;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;
    gzip_comp_level  6;    # 壓縮比例，比例越大，壓縮時間越長。預設是1
    gzip_types    text/xml text/plain text/css application/javascript application/x-javascript application/rss+xml;      # 哪些檔案可以被壓縮
    gzip_disable    "MSIE [1-6]\.";     # IE6無效

	# 網站伺服器列表
    upstream uni-web { 
     server  xx.x.x.109:8080; 
    } 

    # 網站英文版    
    upstream uni-web-en {
	server xx.x.x.106:8080;
    }

	# pms伺服器列表
    upstream pms {
      server  xx.x.x.106:8090;
      server  xx.x.x.109:8090;
    } 

	# 運營平臺伺服器列表
    upstream control {
      server  xx.x.x.105:8080;
    }

    #測試環境	
    server {

        listen 8080;
        server_name 你的域名; 

        #charset koi8-r;

        access_log  logs/host.8080.access.log  main;

        # 轉發所有請求
        location / {
            proxy_pass         http://xx.x.x.107;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

    }
	

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name  你的域名;

        #charset koi8-r;

        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

		# 網站
        location / { 
            proxy_pass         http://uni-web; 
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host; 
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr; 
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
        }

        # 英文網站
        location /en {
            proxy_pass         http://uni-web-en;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

		# pms
        location /pms {
            proxy_pass         http://pms;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
		# 運營平臺
        location /cms {
            proxy_pass         http://control;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        # jeecms 後臺管理網站
        location /jeeadmin/ {
            proxy_pass          http://xx.x.x.107;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#            rewrite ^(/jeeadmin/)$ /jeeadmin/jeecms/login.do break;
        }
	

        #location  /apfel150.html {
        #       rewrite ^/(apfel150.html)$ /study/$1 last;
        #}
 
        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
       
        location = /baidu_verify_CXOKsFqzpJ.html {
		root	html;
	}

        location = /baidusilian.txt {
		root html;
	}

        location = /robots.txt {
		root html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}

        #設定檢視Nginx狀態的地址 ，在安裝時要加上--with-http_stub_status_module引數 
        location /NginxStatus { 
             stub_status on; 
             access_log on; 
             auth_basic "NginxStatus"; 
             auth_basic_user_file conf/htpasswd;     #設定訪問密碼，htpasswd -bc filename username password 
        }
    }

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

    

    # 設定只允許通過域名訪問站點   
    server {
	listen 80 default_server;
	server_name _;
	return 403;
   }

}
 

第一種方式和這種配置一樣，融匯廣通。