1. 程式人生 > >手把手教你用MFC和OpenCV,製作mfc讀取並顯示影象(兩種方式)

手把手教你用MFC和OpenCV,製作mfc讀取並顯示影象(兩種方式)

MFC OpenCV 讀取並顯示影象

*************************************************完成的效果如圖********************************************

前言:我用的是VS2013 + OPENCV2.4.9 , 只要版本不太老,估計都可以的。如果opencv沒有配置好,可以百度一下:毛星雲,opencv2.4.9安裝配置,很容易就可以弄好;新的版本MFC,opencv讀取顯示請拉到後面,不用新增cvvImage類,同時能顯示圖片開啟的路徑,添加了兩個簡單的影象處理方法的按鈕;

一.演示效果

第一個版本,點選readImage即可開啟圖片,另一個按鈕是影象處理中的邊緣檢測。



二. 建立步驟

1.開啟visual studio 新建MFC工程 


2.點選下一步,然後選擇單文件對話方塊,再點選下一步


3.點選下一步,去掉勾選粗框架和系統選單,再點選建立完成就可以了


4.此時介面如圖


5.刪除TODD:在此放置對話方塊控制元件,同時刪除取消按鈕,保留確定按鈕,並將確定按鈕 重新命名為close


6.找到工具箱,新增兩個Button ,一個Caption命名為readImage,一個命名為EdgeDetect,然後在工具箱中找到picture Control控制元件,新增到我們的介面,並將其ID號重新命名為 IDC_ShowImg 。 同時可以適當將介面拉大一點。此時介面如圖:


7. 現在開始新增程式碼 ,首先新增opencv的標頭檔案,我是放在mfcshow.h中,當然放在stdafx.h中也可以

#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>  
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2\opencv.hpp>

8. 雙擊ReadImage按鈕,程式會轉到***Dlg.cpp 的 void CmfcshowDlg::OnBnClickedButton1() 。在這裡新增程式碼

void CFringeDlg::OnBnClickedButton1()
{
	CFileDialog dlg(true, _T("*.bmp"), NULL, OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST | OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST | OFN_HIDEREADONLY,
		_T("image files (*.bmp ;*.jpg)|*.bmp; *.jpg |ALL Files (*.*) |*.*||"),NULL); 
	
	//開啟檔案對話方塊的標題名
	dlg.m_ofn.lpstrTitle = _T("open Image "); 
	
	if (dlg.DoModal() != IDOK)
		return; 

	CString  mPath = dlg.GetPathName(); 

	//讀取圖片 快取到一個區域性變數 ipl 中 

	//IplImage *ipl  =cv::imread(mPath.GetBuffer(mPath.GetLength()), 1);

	IplImage * ipl = cvLoadImage(CT2CA(  mPath), 1);
	if (!ipl) return; 

	if (TheImage)
		cvZero(TheImage); 
	    ResizeImage(ipl); 
		ShowImage(TheImage, IDC_ShowImg); 
		cvReleaseImage(&ipl); 

	// TODO:  在此新增控制元件通知處理程式程式碼
}

9.在mfcshowdlg.h 和mfcShowdlg.cpp 新增真正顯示和適應視窗大小自動縮放的函式

標頭檔案中新增

        void ShowImage(IplImage* image, UINT ID);
	void ResizeImage(IplImage* img); 
cpp中新增
void  CFringeDlg:: ShowImage(IplImage* image, UINT ID)
{
	CDC *pDC = GetDlgItem(ID)->GetDC(); 
	HDC hDC = pDC->GetSafeHdc();
	CRect rect; 
	GetDlgItem(ID)->GetClientRect(&rect);
	int rw = rect.right - rect.left;
	int rh = rect.bottom - rect.top;
//	std::cout << rw << "  " << rh << std::endl; 
	/*CString str; 
	str.Format(_T("%d\n%d"), rw , rh );
	MessageBox(str);*/

	int iw = image->width; 
	int ih = image->height;
	/*CString str1;
	str1.Format(_T("%d\n%d"), iw, ih);
	MessageBox(str1);*/

	int tx = (int)(rw - iw) / 2; 
	int ty = (int)(rh - ih) / 2;
	SetRect(rect, tx, ty, tx + iw, ty + ih);

	CvvImage cimg; 
	cimg.CopyOf(image);
	cimg.DrawToHDC(hDC  , &rect);
	ReleaseDC(pDC);



}
void CFringeDlg::ResizeImage(IplImage* img)
{
	int w = img->width;
	int h = img->height; 
	int max = (w > h) ? w : h;
	float  scale = (float)((float)max / 450.0f);
	int nw = (int)(w / scale);
	int nh = (int)(h / scale); 
	int tlx = (nw > nh) ? 0 : (int)(450 - nw) / 2;
	int tly = (nw > nh) ? (int)(450 - nh) / 2 : 0;

	cvSetImageROI( TheImage , cvRect(tlx, tly, nw, nh));
	cvResize(img, TheImage);
	cvResetImageROI(TheImage);
}


10 雙擊edgeDectet新增邊緣檢測程式碼

void CFringeDlg::OnBnClickedButton2()
{
	IplImage *gray = 0, *edge = 0;
	gray = cvCreateImage(cvSize(IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1); 
	edge = cvCreateImage(cvSize(IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
	cvCvtColor(TheImage, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY); 
	cvCanny(gray, edge, 30, 100, 3);
	cvCvtColor(edge, TheImage, CV_GRAY2BGR);
	ShowImage(TheImage, IDC_ShowImg); 
	cvReleaseImage(&gray);
	cvReleaseImage(&edge);
	// TODO:  在此新增控制元件通知處理程式程式碼
}


11. .在cmfcshowDlg ::oninitdialog 中新增額外初始化程式碼
// TODO:  在此新增額外的初始化程式碼
	CvSize ImgSize; 
	ImgSize.height = IMAGE_HEIGHT;
	ImgSize.width = IMAGE_WIDTH; 
	TheImage = cvCreateImage(ImgSize, IPL_DEPTH_8U, IMAGE_CHANNELS); 

	return TRUE;  // 除非將焦點設定到控制元件,否則返回 TRUE

12. 在cmfcshowDlg::OnPaint()中的else 下新增額外重繪程式碼

else
	{
		CDialogEx::OnPaint();
	//	CDialog::OnPaint(); 
		CDialog::UpdateWindow(); 
		ShowImage(TheImage , IDC_ShowImg); 
	}

13.在此差不多就可以了,但是會提示你IpIImage型別無法識別 , 這是因為這個檔案是老版本opencv才有的 ,後來就木有了,不過添加個CvvImage.h標頭檔案和CvvImage.cpp就可以。

標頭檔案內容如下

#ifndef CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF
#define CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF

#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>

/* CvvImage class definition */
class CvvImage
{
public:
	CvvImage();
	virtual ~CvvImage();

	/* Create image (BGR or grayscale) */
	virtual bool Create(int width, int height, int bits_per_pixel, int image_origin = 0);

	/* Load image from specified file */
	virtual bool Load(const char* filename, int desired_color = 1);

	/* Load rectangle from the file */
	virtual bool LoadRect(const char* filename,
		int desired_color, CvRect r);

#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32
	virtual bool LoadRect(const char* filename,
		int desired_color, RECT r)
	{
		return LoadRect(filename, desired_color,
			cvRect(r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top));
	}
#endif

	/* Save entire image to specified file. */
	virtual bool Save(const char* filename);

	/* Get copy of input image ROI */
	virtual void CopyOf(CvvImage& image, int desired_color = -1);
	virtual void CopyOf(IplImage* img, int desired_color = -1);

	IplImage* GetImage() { return m_img; };
	virtual void Destroy(void);

	/* width and height of ROI */
	int Width() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->width : m_img->roi->width; };
	int Height() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->height : m_img->roi->height; };
	int Bpp() { return m_img ? (m_img->depth & 255)*m_img->nChannels : 0; };

	virtual void Fill(int color);

	/* draw to highgui window */
	virtual void Show(const char* window);

#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32
	/* draw part of image to the specified DC */
	virtual void Show( HDC dc, int x, int y, int width, int height,
		int from_x = 0, int from_y = 0);
	/* draw the current image ROI to the specified rectangle of the destination DC */
	virtual void DrawToHDC( HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect);
#endif

protected:

	IplImage* m_img;
};

typedef CvvImage CImage;

#endif

cpp內容如下

#include "stdafx.h"//加到工程後這個就要添上
#include "CvvImage.h"


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect(RECT r);
CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect(RECT r)
{
	int t;


	if (r.left > r.right)
	{
		t = r.left;
		r.left = r.right;
		r.right = t;
	}


	if (r.top > r.bottom)
	{
		t = r.top;
		r.top = r.bottom;
		r.bottom = t;
	}


	return r;
}


CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect(RECT sr);
CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect(RECT sr)
{
	sr = NormalizeRect(sr);
	return cvRect(sr.left, sr.top, sr.right - sr.left, sr.bottom - sr.top);
}


CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect(CvRect sr);
CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect(CvRect sr)
{
	RECT dr;
	dr.left = sr.x;
	dr.top = sr.y;
	dr.right = sr.x + sr.width;
	dr.bottom = sr.y + sr.height;
	return dr;
}

CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI(RECT r);
CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI(RECT r)
{
	IplROI roi;
	r = NormalizeRect(r);
	roi.xOffset = r.left;
	roi.yOffset = r.top;
	roi.width = r.right - r.left;
	roi.height = r.bottom - r.top;
	roi.coi = 0;
	return roi;
}

void FillBitmapInfo(BITMAPINFO* bmi, int width, int height, int bpp, int origin)
{
	assert(bmi && width >= 0 && height >= 0 && (bpp == 8 || bpp == 24 || bpp == 32));

	BITMAPINFOHEADER* bmih = &(bmi->bmiHeader);
	memset(bmih, 0, sizeof(*bmih));
	bmih->biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
	bmih->biWidth = width;
	bmih->biHeight = origin ? abs(height) : -abs(height);
	bmih->biPlanes = 1;
	bmih->biBitCount = (unsigned short)bpp;
	bmih->biCompression = BI_RGB;


	if (bpp == 8)
	{
		RGBQUAD* palette = bmi->bmiColors;
		int i;
		for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
		{
			palette[i].rgbBlue = palette[i].rgbGreen = palette[i].rgbRed = (BYTE)i;
			palette[i].rgbReserved = 0;
		}
	}
}


CvvImage::CvvImage()
{
	m_img = 0;
}


void CvvImage::Destroy()
{
	cvReleaseImage(&m_img);
}


CvvImage::~CvvImage()
{
	Destroy();
}


bool CvvImage::Create(int w, int h, int bpp, int origin)
{
	const unsigned max_img_size = 10000;


	if ((bpp != 8 && bpp != 24 && bpp != 32) ||
		(unsigned)w >= max_img_size || (unsigned)h >= max_img_size ||
		(origin != IPL_ORIGIN_TL && origin != IPL_ORIGIN_BL))
	{
		assert(0); // most probably, it is a programming error
		return false;
	}


	if (!m_img || Bpp() != bpp || m_img->width != w || m_img->height != h)
	{
		if (m_img && m_img->nSize == sizeof(IplImage))
			Destroy();


		/* prepare IPL header */
		m_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(w, h), IPL_DEPTH_8U, bpp / 8);
	}


	if (m_img)
		m_img->origin = origin == 0 ? IPL_ORIGIN_TL : IPL_ORIGIN_BL;


	return m_img != 0;
}


void CvvImage::CopyOf(CvvImage& image, int desired_color)
{
	IplImage* img = image.GetImage();
	if (img)
	{
		CopyOf(img, desired_color);
	}
}




#define HG_IS_IMAGE(img) \
    ((img) != 0 && ((const IplImage*)(img))->nSize == sizeof(IplImage) && \
    ((IplImage*)img)->imageData != 0)




void CvvImage::CopyOf(IplImage* img, int desired_color)
{
	if (HG_IS_IMAGE(img))
	{
		int color = desired_color;
		CvSize size = cvGetSize(img);

		if (color < 0)
			color = img->nChannels > 1;

		if (Create(size.width, size.height,
			(!color ? 1 : img->nChannels > 1 ? img->nChannels : 3) * 8,
			img->origin))
		{
			cvConvertImage(img, m_img, 0);
		}
	}
}

bool CvvImage::Load(const char* filename, int desired_color)
{
	IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename, desired_color);
	if (!img)
		return false;

	CopyOf(img, desired_color);
	cvReleaseImage(&img);
	return true;
}




bool CvvImage::LoadRect(const char* filename,
	int desired_color, CvRect r)
{
	if (r.width < 0 || r.height < 0) return false;


	IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename, desired_color);
	if (!img)
		return false;


	if (r.width == 0 || r.height == 0)
	{
		r.width = img->width;
		r.height = img->height;
		r.x = r.y = 0;
	}


	if (r.x > img->width || r.y > img->height ||
		r.x + r.width < 0 || r.y + r.height < 0)
	{
		cvReleaseImage(&img);
		return false;
	}


	/* truncate r to source image */
	if (r.x < 0)
	{
		r.width += r.x;
		r.x = 0;
	}
	if (r.y < 0)
	{
		r.height += r.y;
		r.y = 0;
	}


	if (r.x + r.width > img->width)
		r.width = img->width - r.x;


	if (r.y + r.height > img->height)
		r.height = img->height - r.y;


	cvSetImageROI(img, r);
	CopyOf(img, desired_color);


	cvReleaseImage(&img);
	return true;
}




bool CvvImage::Save(const char* filename)
{
	if (!m_img)
		return false;
	cvSaveImage(filename, m_img);
	return true;
}




void CvvImage::Show(const char* window)
{
	if (m_img)
		cvShowImage(window, m_img);
}




void CvvImage::Show(HDC dc, int x, int y, int w, int h, int from_x, int from_y)
{
	if (m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U)
	{
		uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 1024];
		BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;
		int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;


		FillBitmapInfo(bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin);


		from_x = MIN(MAX(from_x, 0), bmp_w - 1);
		from_y = MIN(MAX(from_y, 0), bmp_h - 1);


		int sw = MAX(MIN(bmp_w - from_x, w), 0);
		int sh = MAX(MIN(bmp_h - from_y, h), 0);


		SetDIBitsToDevice(
			dc, x, y, sw, sh, from_x, from_y, from_y, sh,
			m_img->imageData + from_y*m_img->widthStep,
			bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS);
	}
}




void CvvImage::DrawToHDC(HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect)
{
	if (pDstRect && m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U && m_img->imageData)
	{
		uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 1024];
		BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;
		int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;


		CvRect roi = cvGetImageROI(m_img);
		CvRect dst = RectToCvRect(*pDstRect);


		if (roi.width == dst.width && roi.height == dst.height)
		{
			Show(hDCDst, dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height, roi.x, roi.y);
			return;
		}


		if (roi.width > dst.width)
		{
			SetStretchBltMode(
				hDCDst, // handle to device context
				HALFTONE);
		}
		else
		{
			SetStretchBltMode(
				hDCDst, // handle to device context
				COLORONCOLOR);
		}


		FillBitmapInfo(bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin);


		::StretchDIBits(
			hDCDst,
			dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height,
			roi.x, roi.y, roi.width, roi.height,
			m_img->imageData, bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, SRCCOPY);
	}
}


void CvvImage::Fill(int color)
{
	cvSet(m_img, cvScalar(color & 255, (color >> 8) & 255, (color >> 16) & 255, (color >> 24) & 255));
}

三.第二種顯示方法

上面一種方法,因為要新增cvvImage類確實很是麻煩,讓人不爽。我又重新做了一個,這次影象處理不要邊緣檢測了,改為灰度直方圖均衡化和中值濾波,介面如下:


中值濾波效果如下:


直方圖均衡化效果如下: 我承認有點點恐怖,(#^.^#)


這次不用cvvimage來顯示,而利用mat格式來顯示,關鍵程式碼如下:

void CImageProcessDlg::DrawMat(cv::Mat & img, UINT nID)
{
	cv::Mat imgTmp;
	CRect rect;
	GetDlgItem(nID)->GetClientRect(&rect);  // 獲取控制元件大小
	cv::resize(img, imgTmp, cv::Size(rect.Width(), rect.Height()));// 縮小或放大Mat並備份

	// 轉一下格式 ,這段可以放外面,
	switch (imgTmp.channels())
	{
	case 1:
		cv::cvtColor(imgTmp, imgTmp, CV_GRAY2BGRA); // GRAY單通道
		break;
	case 3:
		cv::cvtColor(imgTmp, imgTmp, CV_BGR2BGRA);  // BGR三通道
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}

	int pixelBytes = imgTmp.channels()*(imgTmp.depth() + 1); // 計算一個畫素多少個位元組
	// 製作bitmapinfo(資料頭)
	BITMAPINFO bitInfo;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 8 * pixelBytes;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biWidth = imgTmp.cols;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biHeight = -imgTmp.rows;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biClrImportant = 0;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biClrUsed = 0;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = 0;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
	bitInfo.bmiHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
	// Mat.data + bitmap資料頭 -> MFC
	CDC *pDC = GetDlgItem(nID)->GetDC();
	::StretchDIBits(
		pDC->GetSafeHdc(),
		0, 0, rect.Width(), rect.Height(),
		0, 0, rect.Width(), rect.Height(),
		imgTmp.data,
		&bitInfo,
		DIB_RGB_COLORS,
		SRCCOPY
		);
	ReleaseDC(pDC);
}