1. 程式人生 > >[Scrapy]模擬登陸並獲取Cookie值

[Scrapy]模擬登陸並獲取Cookie值

1.分析登陸網址的方式
1.1使用Firefox或者Chrom瀏覽器F12,以Firefox登陸廣工圖書館為例(該網址設計使用Cookie來記錄登陸狀態)
1.2登陸前
這裡寫圖片描述
1.3登陸後
這裡寫圖片描述
1.4根據登陸後可見POST方法的引數

__EVENTTARGET:
__EVENTARGUMENT:
__VIEWSTATE:/wEPDwULLTE0MjY3MDAxNzcPZBYCZg9kFgoCAQ8PFgIeCEltYWdlVXJsBRt+XGltYWdlc1xoZWFkZXJvcGFjNGdpZi5naWZkZAICDw8WAh4EVGV4dAUt5bm/5Lic5bel5Lia5aSn5a2m5Zu+5
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
Lmm6aaGZAIID2QWAmYPFQMbaHR0cDovL2xpYnJhcnkuZ2R1dC5lZHUuY24vAA/lm77kuabppobpppbpobVkAgkPZBYCAgEPFgIeB1Zpc2libGVoZAIDDxYCHwJmZAIBD2QWBAIDD2QWBAIBDw9kFgIeDGF1dG9jb21wbGV0ZQUDb2ZmZAIHDw8WAh8BZWRkAgUPZBYGAgEPEGRkFgFmZAIDDxBkZBYBZmQCBQ8PZBYCHwQFA29mZmQCBQ8PFgIfAQWlAUNvcHlyaWdodCAmY29weTsyMDA4LTIwMDkuIFNVTENNSVMgT1BBQyA0LjAxIG9mIFNoZW56aGVuIFVuaXZlcnNpdHkgTGlicmFyeS4gIEFsbCByaWdodHMgcmVzZXJ2ZWQuPGJyIC8+54
mI5p2D5omA5pyJ77ya5rex5Zyz5aSn5a2m5Zu+5Lmm6aaGIEUtbWFpbDpzenVsaWJAc3p1LmVkdS5jbmRkZAg1DiqmaepeeQ7Rw6kLdb3ah3tb __EVENTVALIDATION:/wEWBQKNu6LYBwKOmK5RApX9wcYGAsP9wL8JAqW86pcI3FE0WSxHMScWQc3QHyrMix/0xmM= ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtlogintype:0 ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtUsername_Lib:賬號 ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtPas_Lib:密碼 ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnLogin_Lib:登入
①在登陸介面(http://222.200.122.171:7771/login.aspx)尋找POST引數:
<input name="__EVENTTARGET" id="__EVENTTARGET" value="" type="hidden">
<input name="__EVENTARGUMENT" id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="" type="hidden">
<input name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="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" type="hidden">
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="/wEWBQLL+rWqAwKOmK5RApX9wcYGAsP9wL8JAqW86pcI3+ohGVVAcOzsnECPPKNYB0mRpZ0=">
<input name="ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtlogintype" type="hidden" id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtlogintype" value="0">
<input name="ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnLogin_Lib" value="登入" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions(&quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnLogin_Lib&quot;, &quot;&quot;, true, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, false, false))" id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btnLogin_Lib" class="btn" type="submit">
②其中:
ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtUsername_Lib是登陸賬號
ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtPas_Lib是密碼

2.編寫程式
2.1建立myproject的Scrapy工程(參考
2.2編寫\myproject\myproject\spiders\LoginSpider.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import re

class LoginSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'login'
    start_urls = ['http://222.200.122.171:7771/login.aspx']

    def parse(self, response):
        print 'befor_login============'
        pattern = re.compile(
                        'id="__EVENTTARGET" value="(.*?)"' +
                         '.*?' + 
                        'id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="(.*?)"' +
                        '.*?' + 
                        'id="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)"' +
                        '.*?' + 
                        'id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="(.*?)"'+
                        '.*?' + 
                        'id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtlogintype" value="(.*?)"' +
                        '.*?' + 
                        'name="ctl00\$ContentPlaceHolder1\$btnLogin_Lib" value="(.*?)"'
                        ,re.S)
        items = re.findall(pattern,response.body.decode(response.encoding))
        print ("lin len: %d"%(len(items)))
        for item in items:         
            print ("lin __EVENTTARGET: %s"      %(item[0]))
            print ("lin __EVENTARGUMENT: %s"    %(item[1]))
            print ("lin __VIEWSTATE: %s"        %(item[2]))
            print ("lin __EVENTVALIDATION: %s"  %(item[3]))
            print ("lin ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtlogintype: %s"  %(item[4]))
            print ("lin ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnLogin_Lib: %s"  %(item[5]))

            yield scrapy.FormRequest.from_response(
            response,
            formdata={
                    '__EVENTTARGET': item[0],
                    '__EVENTARGUMENT': item[1],
                    '__VIEWSTATE': item[2],
                    '__EVENTVALIDATION': item[3],
                    'ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtlogintype': item[4],
                    'ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtUsername_Lib': 賬號,
                    'ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtPas_Lib': 密碼,
                    'ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnLogin_Lib': item[5]},
            callback=self.after_login
            )

    def after_login(self, response):
        print 'after_login============'

        #查詢網址的Cookie
        #請求Cookie
        Cookie = response.request.headers.getlist('Cookie')
        print 'Cookie',Cookie       
        #響應Cookie
        Cookie = response.headers.getlist('Set-Cookie')
        print 'Set-Cookie',Cookie

        #列印原始資料
        print response.body.decode(response.encoding) 
        #可以自定義Item進行資料處理

2.3設定\myproject\myproject\settings.py

# 自動傳遞cookies與列印cookies設定
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)  
COOKIES_ENABLED = True
COOKIES_DEBUG = True

2.4執行工程
這裡寫圖片描述
3.總結
3.1正則表示式注意特殊符號需要使用轉義符號,如:$
3.2獲取Cookie值方法可在Scrapy框架原始碼中尋找到,使用Notepad++(一般編輯器都有這個搜尋功能)在Scrapy框架原始碼資料夾(如:C:\Users\lin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-jm266e\Scrapy\scrapy)中搜索字串Sending cookies或Received cookies即可。
這裡寫圖片描述
3.3 Python爬蟲之自動登入與驗證碼識別
http://blog.csdn.net/tobacco5648/article/details/50640691