線性表的鏈式儲存結構的特點就是用一組任意的儲存單元儲存線性表的資料元素（資料單元之間的關係是可以連續的，也可以是不連續的）。

#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

#define ERROR 0
#define OK 1
#define OVERFLOW -2
typedef int Status ;
typedef int ElemType;



typedef struct LNode
{
	ElemType data;
	struct LNode* next;
}LNode;

typedef LNode* LinkList;	//指向單鏈表的指標

Status initList(LinkList *L)
{
	(*L) = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	if(!(*L))
		exit(OVERFLOW);
	(*L)->next = NULL;
	
	return OK;
}



Status insertElement(LinkList L, int i, ElemType e)
{
	LinkList p, s;
	int j;
	
	p = L;
	j = 0; 
	
	while(p && j<i-1)					//尋找第i-1個結點 
	{
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	
	if(!p || j>i-1)
		return ERROR;

	s = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	if(!s)
		exit(OVERFLOW);
	s->data = e;
	s->next = p->next;
	p->next = s;

	return OK;
}


Status getElement(LinkList L, int i , ElemType &e){

	LinkList p = L;
	int j = 0;
	while(p && j<i){
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	if(!p || j>i)
		return ERROR;
	e = p->data;
	return OK;
}

Status deleteElement(LinkList L , int i , ElemType &e){

	LinkList p = L , s;
	int j = 0 ;
	while (p && j<i){
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	if(!p->next || j>i)
		return ERROR;
	e = p->data;
	s = p->next;
	p->next = s->next;//(相當於p->next = p->next->next)
	return OK;
}

Status updateElement(LinkList L , int i , ElemType e){

	LinkList p = L;
	int j = 0 ; 
	while ( p && j<i){
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	if(!p || j>i)
		return ERROR;
	p->data = e;
	return OK;
}
//按照下標查詢，返回該位置的值與getElement方法重合
/*Status locateElement(LinkList L , int i , ElemType &e){

	LinkList p = L;
	int j = 0;
	while( p && j<i-1){
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	} 
	if(!p || j>i)
		return ERROR;
	e = p->data;
	return OK;
}*/

//按照數值查詢，返回該數值的下標
int LocateElement(LinkList L , ElemType e){
	LinkList p = L;
	int j = 0;
	while (p && p->data != e ){
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	return j;
}

int main (){
	LinkList l;
	initList(&l);
	int e , e1;
	//ElemType j =0;
	insertElement(l , 0 , 12);
	insertElement(l , 1 , 4);
	insertElement(l , 2 , 55);
	insertElement(l , 3 , 555);
	updateElement(l, 2 , 44);
	deleteElement(l , 2 , e);
	getElement(l , 2 , e1);
	ElemType g = 555;
	int j = LocateElement(l , g);
	printf("值為:%d\n", j);
	printf("%d\n", e);
	printf("%d\n", e1);

}