Spring框架中@DateTimeFormat和@NumberFormat的用法

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-07

@DateTimeFormat是用來驗證輸入的日期格式；@NumberFormat是用來驗證輸入的數字格式。有時候，因為輸入習慣或某些要求必須改變格式的時候，它們就該上場了。

1.搭建練習環境

(1)搭建SpringMVC環境，配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
 
version="3.1">
<!-- 配置字元編碼過濾器 -->
<filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
 
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
 
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
<!-- 處理PUT和DELETE等的請求 -->
<filter>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
<!-- 核心控制器:作用,分發請求 -->
<servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:/springmvc-context.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

(2)配置springmvc-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置要掃描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bestgo.springmvc"/>
<!-- 檢視解析器，預設為轉發 -->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
<!-- 國際化 -->
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="i18n"/>
    </bean>
<!-- 處理靜態資源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler default-servlet-name="default"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

(3)新建Employee.java

package com.bestgo.springmvc.bean;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.bean.Department;
import java.util.Date;
public class Employee {

    private Integer id;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
//1 male, 0 female
private Integer gender;
    private Department department;
    private Date birthday;
    private double salary;
    public Employee() {
    }

    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender, Department department, Date birthday, double salary) {
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.department = department;
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.salary = salary;
}

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
}

    public void setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
}

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
}

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
}

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
}

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
}

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
}

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
}

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
}

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
}

    public Integer getGender() {
        return gender;
}

    public void setGender(Integer gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
}

    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
}

    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
}

    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
Department department) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.department = department;
}


    @Override
public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", gender=" + gender +
                ", department=" + department +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", salary=" + salary +
                '}';
}
}

(4)新建Department.java

package com.bestgo.springmvc.bean;
public class Department {

    private Integer id;
    private String departmentName;
    public Department() {
    }

    public Department(int i, String string) {
        this.id = i;
        this.departmentName = string;
}

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
}

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
}

    public String getDepartmentName() {
        return departmentName;
}

    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
}

    @Override
public String toString() {
        return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
+ "]";
}

}

(5)新建EmployeeDao.java

package com.bestgo.springmvc.dao;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.bean.Department;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.bean.Employee;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

   private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
@Autowired
private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
   static{
      employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
//只是為了測試，這裡充當從資料庫查詢的資料
employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "[email protected]", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "[email protected]", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "[email protected]", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "[email protected]", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "[email protected]", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
}

   private static Integer initId = 1006;
   public void saveOrUpdate(Employee employee){
      if(employee.getId() == null){
         employee.setId(initId++);
}

      employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
}

   public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
      return employees.values();
}

   public Employee get(Integer id){
      return employees.get(id);
}

   public void delete(Integer id){
      employees.remove(id);
}
}

(6)新建DepartmentDao.java

package com.bestgo.springmvc.dao;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.bean.Department;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

    private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
    static{
        departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
//只是為了測試，這裡充當從資料庫查詢的資料
departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
}

    public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
        return departments.values();
}

    public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
        return departments.get(id);
}

}

(7)新建EmployeeHandler.java

package com.bestgo.springmvc.handler;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.bean.Department;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.bean.Employee;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.dao.DepartmentDao;
import com.bestgo.springmvc.dao.EmployeeDao;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Map;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/employee")
public class EmployeeHandler {

    @Autowired
private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
@Autowired
private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
@RequestMapping(value = "/get_employee_list",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getEmployeeList(Map map){
        Collection<Employee> empList = employeeDao.getAll();
map.put("empList",empList);
        return "list";
}

    @RequestMapping("/to_add_emp")
    public String toAddEmp(Map map){
        Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();
map.put("deptList",departments);
map.put("command",new Employee());
        return "add";
}

    @RequestMapping("/do_add_emp")
    public String doAddEmp(Employee employee){
        System.out.println("要新增的員工物件--》"+employee);
employeeDao.saveOrUpdate(employee);
        return  "redirect:get_employee_list";
}

    @RequestMapping(value = "/delete_emp/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String deleteEmp(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        employeeDao.delete(id);
        return  "redirect:/employee/get_employee_list";
}

    @RequestMapping(value = "/to_update_emp/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String toUpdateEmp(@PathVariable("id") Integer id,Map map){
        Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id);
map.put("employee",employee);
Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();
map.put("departments",departments);
        return  "update";
}

    @RequestMapping(value = "/do_update_emp",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String doUpdateEmp(Employee employee){
        employeeDao.saveOrUpdate(employee);
        return  "redirect:/employee/get_employee_list";
}

    @ModelAttribute
public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value = "id",required = false)Integer id,Map map){
        if(id != null){
            Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id);
map.put("employee",employee);
}

    }
}

(8)新建web/index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
       <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/employee/get_employee_list">getEmployeeList</a>
  </body>
</html>

(9)新建web/WEB-INF/views/list.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    <script type="application/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
    <script type="application/javascript">
$(function(){
            $(".deleteEmp").click(function(){
                var href = this.href;
$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",href).submit();
return false;
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
員工列表:<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/employee/to_add_emp">新增員工</a>
<hr>
    <table width="80%" border="1">
        <tr>
            <th>員工編號</th>
            <th>員工名稱</th>
            <th>郵件地址</th>
            <th>性別</th>
            <th>部門名稱</th>
            <th></th>
            <th></th>
        </tr>
        <form id="deleteEmpForm" action="" method="post">
            <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
        </form>
<c:forEach items="${empList}" var="emp">
            <tr>
                <td>${emp.id }</td>
                <td>${emp.lastName }</td>
                <td>${emp.email }</td>
                <td>${emp.gender==1?"男":"女" }</td>
                <td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
                <td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/employee/to_update_emp/${emp.id}">修改</a></td>
                <td><a class="deleteEmp" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/employee/delete_emp/${emp.id}">刪除</a></td>
            </tr>
</c:forEach>

    </table>
</body>
</html>

(10)新建web/WEB-INF/add.jsp

<%@ page import="java.util.Map" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.HashMap" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("1","男");
        map.put("0","女");
        request.setAttribute("genders",map);
%>
<form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/employee/do_add_emp">
        員工名稱：<form:input path="lastName"/><br>
郵件地址：<form:input path="email"/><br>
性別：<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders}"/><br>
部門：<form:select path="department.id" items="${deptList}" itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"/><br>
生日：<form:input path="birthday"/><br>
工資：<form:input path="salary"/><br>
        <input type="submit" value="新增">
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

2.點選執行，開始。。然後進入員工列表頁面。

3.點選【新增員工】，進入新增員工頁面,並輸入資訊

4.點選【新增】，此時會報400錯誤。此時是因為格式轉換異常

5.退到新增員工的頁面，重新輸入新的格式

6.此時會發現通過了新增，並顯示了列表頁面。說明框架預設日期格式為yyyy/MM/dd；數字格式預設除了點，不能有其他特殊符號

7.但是我想輸入的日期格式為"yyyy-MM-dd"，輸入的數字格式以逗號分隔，比如“222333.55”，分隔為"222,333.55"。那麼就要用到@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")和NumberFormat(pattern="###,###.###"),在Employee.java中加入。

8.再次新增員工資訊，按照指定的格式輸入

9.此時就會通過了，完美！

Spring框架中@DateTimeFormat和@NumberFormat的用法

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