在linux環境下，用gedit+gcc方式學習一段時間的c語言，發現自己越來越佩服linux的牛人了。
居然不用IDE也能開發程式碼。我做不到，所以有回到了windows的懷抱。

mingw是windows版本的gnu c/c++工具集 主要包括編譯器gcc,聯結器make，偵錯程式gdb
Eclipse是很好用的開發Java的IDE，CDT的全稱是C/C++ DevelopmentTools，是使Eclipse能夠支援C/C++開發的外掛。
本人使用的開發環境如下: 
win7+eclipse +MinGW + CDT

本文的目的：
1）使用eclipse、MingW獨構建Windows版的c/c++開發環境
2）編譯並調通了一個多執行緒的程式
eclipse、MingW的安裝此處不做重點。

1、配置C/C++開發環境
右擊我的電腦，點屬性->高階->環境變數。然後：
1）在PATH里加入C:\MinGW\bin
2）新建LIBRARY_PATH變數，值設為C:\MinGW\lib，這是標準庫的位置。
3）新建C_INCLUDE_PATH變數，值設為C:\MinGW\include。
4）新建CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH變數，值為C:\MinGW\include\c++\3.4.2;C:\MinGW\include\c++\3.4.2\mingw32;C:\MinGW\include\c++\3.4.2\backward;C:\MinGW\include

2、設定eclipse的環境變數

3、設定多執行緒動態連結庫
Project->Properties->C/C++Build->Settings->ToolSettings->GCC C++Linker->Libraries
新增Libraries (-l): lpthread

4、一個簡單的執行緒池的例子

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <assert.h>

typedef struct worker
{
   
    void*(*process) (void *arg);
    void*arg;
    structworker *next;

} CThread_worker;

typedef struct
{
 pthread_mutex_t queue_lock;
 pthread_cond_t queue_ready;

   
    CThread_worker *queue_head;

   
    intshutdown;
    pthread_t *threadid;
   
    intmax_thread_num;
   
    intcur_queue_size;

} CThread_pool;

int pool_add_worker (void *(*process) (void *arg), void*arg);
void *thread_routine (void *arg);

static CThread_pool *pool = NULL;
void
pool_init (int max_thread_num)
{
    pool = (CThread_pool *) malloc (sizeof (CThread_pool));

    pthread_mutex_init(&(pool->queue_lock), NULL);
    pthread_cond_init(&(pool->queue_ready), NULL);

    pool->queue_head = NULL;

    pool->max_thread_num = max_thread_num;
    pool->cur_queue_size = 0;

    pool->shutdown = 0;

    pool->threadid =
        (pthread_t *) malloc (max_thread_num * sizeof (pthread_t));
    int i =0;
    for (i = 0;i < max_thread_num; i++)
    {
        pthread_create(&(pool->threadid[i]), NULL,thread_routine,
                NULL);
    }
}

int
pool_add_worker (void *(*process) (void *arg), void *arg)
{
   
    CThread_worker *newworker =
        (CThread_worker *) malloc (sizeof (CThread_worker));
    newworker->process = process;
    newworker->arg = arg;
    newworker->next = NULL;

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->queue_lock));
   
    CThread_worker *member = pool->queue_head;
    if (member!= NULL)
    {
       while (member->next != NULL)
            member = member->next;
        member->next = newworker;
    }
    else
    {
        pool->queue_head = newworker;
    }

    assert (pool->queue_head != NULL);

    pool->cur_queue_size++;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->queue_lock));
   
    pthread_cond_signal(&(pool->queue_ready));
    return0;
}

int
pool_destroy ()
{
    if(pool->shutdown)
       return -1;
    pool->shutdown = 1;

   
    pthread_cond_broadcast(&(pool->queue_ready));

   
    int i;
    for (i = 0;i < pool->max_thread_num; i++)
        pthread_join (pool->threadid[i], NULL);
    free (pool->threadid);

   
    CThread_worker *head = NULL;
    while(pool->queue_head != NULL)
    {
        head = pool->queue_head;
        pool->queue_head =pool->queue_head->next;
        free (head);
    }
   
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&(pool->queue_lock));
    pthread_cond_destroy(&(pool->queue_ready));

    free (pool);
   
    pool=NULL;
    return0;
}

void * thread_routine (void *arg)
{
    printf ("starting thread 0x%x\n", pthread_self ());
    while(1)
    {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->queue_lock));
       
       while (pool->cur_queue_size == 0&&!pool->shutdown)
        {
            printf ("thread 0x%x is waiting\n", pthread_self ());
            pthread_cond_wait(&(pool->queue_ready),&(pool->queue_lock));
        }

       
       if (pool->shutdown)
        {
           
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->queue_lock));
            printf ("thread 0x%x will exit\n", pthread_self ());
            pthread_exit (NULL);
        }

        printf ("thread 0x%x is starting to work\n", pthread_self ());

       
        assert (pool->cur_queue_size != 0);
        assert (pool->queue_head != NULL);

       
        pool->cur_queue_size--;
        CThread_worker *worker = pool->queue_head;
        pool->queue_head =worker->next;
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->queue_lock));

       
        (*(worker->process))(worker->arg);
        free (worker);
        worker = NULL;
    }
    pthread_exit (NULL);
}

   // 下面是測試程式碼

void * myprocess (void *arg)
{
    printf ("threadid is 0x%x, working on task %d\n", pthread_self(),*(int *) arg);
    _sleep (1);
    returnNULL;
}

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
    pool_init (3);

   
    int*workingnum = (int *) malloc (sizeof (int) * 10);
    int i;
    for (i = 0;i < 10; i++)
    {
        workingnum[i] = i;
        pool_add_worker (myprocess, &workingnum[i]);
    }
   
    _sleep (5);
   
    pool_destroy ();

    free (workingnum);
    return0;
}

5、問題及解決方法
1）build project時出現“Error launchingbuilder (make -k all )”
先將C:\MinGW\bin底下的
mingw32-make.exe更名為make.exe，因為在Eclipse使用時它預設會抓系統裡make這個檔名而不是mingw32-make.

2）build project時出現“launch failed,binary not found”
報錯是因為沒有指定編譯器。為了讓CDT能夠採用MinGW進行編譯，需要在 Eclipse 中進行設定
方法一：去Window->Preferences->C/C++->NewCDT project wizard->Makefile Project下，找到 BinaryParser 取消 Elf Parser 改選 PE Windows Parser。或是其他編譯器，看具體情況而定，
當然你也可以指定GNU ELF Parser。
方法二：去projrct -> properties -> c/c++build -> settings ->BinaryParser下設定一下，比如使用GNU Elf Parser

3）undefined reference to 'pthread_create'
   undefined reference to'pthread_join'
問題原因：
pthread 庫不是 Linux 系統預設的庫，由於Mingw下沒有帶，所以在專案中設定多執行緒動態連結庫，也不管用。
ftp://sourceware.org/pub/pthreads-win32/pthreads-w32-2-8-0-release.exe
解開pthreads-w32-2-8-0-release.exe，把Pre-built.2中的libpthreadGC2.a改名為libpthread.a複製到c:\mingw\lib目錄，
pthread.h複製到c: \mingw\include目錄即可解決