python爬蟲之Scrapy 使用代理配置
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-09
http://www.pythontab.com/html/2014/pythonweb_0326/724.html
在爬取網站內容的時候，最常遇到的問題是：網站對IP有限制，會有防抓取功能，最好的辦法就是IP輪換抓取（加代理）
下面來說一下Scrapy如何配置代理，進行抓取
1.在Scrapy工程下新建“middlewares.py”
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 |
# Importing base64 library because we'll need it ONLY in case if the proxy we are going to use requires authenticationimport base64
# Start your middleware class
class ProxyMiddleware(object):
# overwrite process request
def process_request(self, request, spider):
# Set the location of the proxy
request.meta['proxy'] = "http://YOUR_PROXY_IP:PORT"
# Use the following lines if your proxy requires authenticationproxy_user_pass = "USERNAME:PASSWORD"
# setup basic authentication for the proxy
encoded_user_pass = base64.encodestring(proxy_user_pass)
request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = 'Basic ' + encoded_user_pass
|
2.在專案配置檔案裡(./pythontab/settings.py)新增
| 1 2 3 4 |
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 110,
'tab.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware': 100,
}
|