最近在學習《flaskweb開發》，教程裡採用 sqlite 資料庫，我自己用的是mysql，在到資料庫遷移部分有點懵了，想跳過去，但是到後面發現很不方便，於是折騰了好長時間，網上也找不到現成的教程，於是想著自己搞一下試試，終於大功告成！

1.框架
flask_migrate
flask_sqlalchemy
2.然後是一些配置
/config.py

class Config(object):
    CSRF_ENABLED = True
    SECRET_KEY = 'you-will-never-guess'

    @staticmethod
    def init_app
 
(app):
        pass

class DevelopmentConfig(Config):
    DEBUG = True
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql://root:[email protected]/test'

config = {
    'development': DevelopmentConfig,
    'default': DevelopmentConfig
}

/manager.py

from app import create_app,db
from app.models import  User #註冊資料庫模型
 

from flask_script import Manager, Shell
from flask_migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand   #載入migrate擴充套件

app = create_app( 'default')
manager = Manager(app)
migrate = Migrate(app, db)  #註冊migrate到flask


manager.add_command('db', MigrateCommand)   #在終端環境下新增一個db命令

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()
 

/app/init.py

from flask import Flask
from config import config
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy()

def create_app(config_name):
    """ 使用工廠函式初始化程式例項"""
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.config.from_object(config[config_name])
    config[config_name].init_app(app=app)

    # db.init_app(app=app)

    return app

/app/models.py

from app import db

class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key = True)
    nickname = db.Column(db.String(64), index = True, unique = True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), index = True, unique = True)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User %r>' % (self.nickname)

3.完成之後，開始初始化
(web) E:\python\flaskblog>python manage.py db init
在虛擬環境（我的是（web））中進行初始化，根目錄下出現migrations資料夾，裡面有自動生成的一下檔案，指令碼等
4.更新models.py

from app import db

class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    nickname = db.Column(db.String(64), index=True, unique=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), index=True, unique=True)
    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy='dynamic')

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User %r>' % (self.nickname)

class Post(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key = True)
    body = db.Column(db.String(140))
    timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime)
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<Post %r>' % (self.body)

5.繼續執行遷移命令
python manage.py db migrate -m “first init db”
python manage.py db upgrade
連線mysql可以發現遷移成功了！

6.繼續學習
檔案結構