mysql安裝 1、解壓mysql安裝包 tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 2、將解壓的安裝包拷貝到usr/local下 mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/ 3、建別名 ln -s mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql 4、新增使用者mysql groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql 5、新增預設的my.cnf檔案 vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] character-set-server = utf8mb4 default_storage_engine = innodb log_timestamps = SYSTEM socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir =/usr/local/mysql  datadir =/data/mysql/data # 資料路徑 pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 1024 max_allowed_packet = 128M open_files_limit = 65535 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true #####====================================[innodb]============================== innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 2 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30 innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextend #####====================================[log]============================== log_error = /data/mysql/log/mysql-error.log  slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1  slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/log/mysql-slow.log 6、建立data資料夾並賦權 建立完data和log目錄後將mysql資料夾的讀寫許可權給mysql使用者和組 cd /data chmod 750 mysql chown -R mysql mysql chgrp -R mysql mysql 操作完成後在data目錄敲ll，會發現mysql以及mysql以下的目錄所有者已經是mysql這個使用者了： drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Nov 1 02:00 mysql 7、初始化資料庫 bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql 如果碰到如下錯誤，說明沒有安裝libaio bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 7.1、安裝libaio yum search libaio yum install libaio 8、記錄初始化後root的臨時密碼 由於cnf裡配置了log_error所以在該檔案裡檢視A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: .dEqlQs%%1n1 8、新增服務 cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 9、啟動服務 service mysqld start 10、本地登入，修改root的初始密碼 bin/mysql -uroot -p alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newpswd' 11、mysql服務設定為自啟動 chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld    賦予可執行許可權 chkconfig --add mysqld        新增服務 chkconfig --list             顯示服務列表 如果看到mysql的服務，並且3,4,5都是on的話則成功，如果是off，則鍵入 chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on reboot重啟電腦 netstat -na | grep 3306，如果看到有監聽說明服務啟動了