Android—(獲取並解析xml和Json)
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-17
思維導圖：
Android的網路程式設計中去拿伺服器的資料，一般只採用兩種方式。XML和Json，所以今天我們簡單做一個案列示範，
其他複雜的都離不開這最基礎的步驟。
效果圖：
佈局：
輸出結果：
xml解析
json解析
第一步：我們需要xml檔案和JSON檔案(原始檔放在伺服器上面)（實際專案開發中我們是動態生成的）
①student.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <students> <student sid="1"> <sname>碼農01</sname> <sage>101</sage> </student> <student sid="2"> <sname>碼農02</sname> <sage>102</sage> </student> <student sid="3"> <sname>碼農03</sname> <sage>103</sage> </student> </students>
②students.json
{"count":3,"students":[{"sid":1,"sname":"小小","ssex":"女"},{"sid":2,"sname":"小碼","ssex":"男"},{"sid":3,"sname":"小農","ssex":"男"}]}第二步: 寫好佈局檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context="com.example.android31_xmlorjson.MainActivity"> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="獲取網路xml" android:onClick="getNetXml" /> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="獲取網路JSON" android:onClick="getNetJSON" /> </LinearLayout>
第三步：核心處理類
注意：
1、手機獲取服務端資料需要在AndroidManifest.xml配上許可權
<!--網路許可權-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>BigObject.java
student.javapackage com.example.android31_xmlorjson; import java.util.List; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026. */ public class BigObject { private int count; private List<Student> students; public BigObject() { } public BigObject(int count, List<Student> students) { this.count = count; this.students = students; } public void setCount(int count) { this.count = count; } public void setStudents(List<Student> students) { this.students = students; } public int getCount() { return count; } public List<Student> getStudents() { return students; } }
package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026.
*/
public class Student {
private int sid;
private String sname;
private String ssex;
public Student() {
}
public Student(int sid, String sname, String sex) {
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
this.ssex = ssex;
}
public void setSid(int sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public void setSsex(String ssex) {
this.ssex = ssex;
}
public int getSid() {
return sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public String getSsex() {
return ssex;
}
}
3.JSON解析我使用的是阿里巴巴研發的解析
核心處理：
package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
import android.view.View;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void getNetXml(View view){
new MyXmlTask().execute();
}
//非同步獲取網路xml
class MyXmlTask extends AsyncTask{
@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
//獲取網路資料
String path="http://192.168.43.210:8080/student.xml";
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//設定請求方式（一般提交資料使用POST，獲取資料使用GET）
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
//設定請求時間
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//獲取結果碼
int code=connection.getResponseCode();
if(200==code){
InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();//獲取讀流
//列印自己的結果
// int len=0;
// byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
//StringBuffer stringBuffer=new StringBuffer();
// while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
// String s=new String(buf,0,len);
// stringBuffer.append(s);
// }
//Log.i("test",stringBuffer.toString());
//解析XML （我們使用Android特有的pull解析）
//例項化解析器
XmlPullParser pullParser= Xml.newPullParser();
//進行解析 (引數一：資料來源（網路流）；引數二：編碼方式)
pullParser.setInput(is,"UTF-8");
//解析標籤型別
int type=pullParser.getEventType();
while(type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){ //判斷不是結束標籤
switch (type){
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
//獲取開始標籤的名字
String starTagName=pullParser.getName();
if("student".equals(starTagName)){
//獲取屬性值id的值
String sid=pullParser.getAttributeName(0);
Log.i("test",""+sid);
} else if("sname".equals(starTagName)){
String sname=pullParser.nextText();
Log.i("test",""+sname);
} else if("sage".equals(starTagName)){
String sage=pullParser.nextText();
Log.i("test",""+sage);
}
break;
case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
break;
}
//細節
type=pullParser.next();
}
//關閉流
is.close();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
super.onPostExecute(o);
}
}
public void getNetJSON(View view){
new MyJsonTask().execute();
}
//非同步獲取網路Json
class MyJsonTask extends AsyncTask{
@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
//獲取網路Json
String path="http://192.168.43.210:8080/students.json";
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
if(connection.getResponseCode()==200){
InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();
int len=0;
byte[] buf= new byte[1024];
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
while ((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
String s=new String(buf,0,len);
sb.append(s);
}
//輸出列印
Log.i("test",sb.toString());
//解析JSON'
BigObject bigObject=JSON.parseObject(sb.toString(),BigObject.class);
int count=bigObject.getCount();
Log.i("test",count+"");
List<Student> stuList=bigObject.getStudents();
for (Student sss : stuList) {
Log.i("test",sss.getSname()+" "+sss.getSsex());
}
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
super.onPostExecute(o);
}
}
}