博文目錄

下載Redis

從Redis官網，下載所需版本的Redis，當前最新版本為Redis 4.0.1
通過wget直接下載到伺服器：

[[email protected]_195_229_centos setup]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz

解壓->編譯->安裝

1. 解壓：# tar -zxvf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz

2. 編譯：make

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos setup]# cd redis-4.0.1/
    
   
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# ll
   total 284
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root 127778 Jul 24 21:58 00-RELEASENOTES
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root     53 Jul 24 21:58 BUGS
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root   1815 Jul 24 21:58 CONTRIBUTING
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root   1487 Jul 24 21:58 COPYING
   drwxrwxr-x  6 root root   4096
    
    Jul 24 21:58 deps
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root     11 Jul 24 21:58 INSTALL
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root    151 Jul 24 21:58 Makefile
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root   4223 Jul 24 21:58 MANIFESTO
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root  20530 Jul 24 21:58 README.md
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root  57764 Jul 24 21:58 redis.conf
   -rwxrwxr-x  1 root root    271
    
    Jul 24 21:58 runtest
   -rwxrwxr-x  1 root root    280 Jul 24 21:58 runtest-cluster
   -rwxrwxr-x  1 root root    281 Jul 24 21:58 runtest-sentinel
   -rw-rw-r--  1 root root   7606 Jul 24 21:58 sentinel.conf
   drwxrwxr-x  3 root root   4096 Jul 24 21:58 src
   drwxrwxr-x 10 root root   4096 Jul 24 21:58 tests
   drwxrwxr-x  8 root root   4096 Jul 24 21:58 utils
   [ro[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# make
   make[3]: gcc: Command not found
   make[3]: *** [net.o] Error 127
   make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/deps/hiredis'
   make[2]: *** [hiredis] Error 2
   make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/deps'
   make[1]: [persist-settings] Error 2 (ignored)
   CC adlist.o
   /bin/sh: cc: command not found
   make[1]: *** [adlist.o] Error 127
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   make: *** [all] Error 2
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]#

   因為在編譯時提示make[3]: gcc: Command not found，所以需要先安裝一下gcc，簡單粗暴，使用yum install gcc。
   順帶把tcl也安裝了吧，編譯也是需要的，如果已安裝，也不會有影響yum install tcl。
   安裝好後，再次編譯,又一次提示錯誤：

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# make
   cd src && make all
   make[1]: Entering directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
       CC Makefile.dep
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   make[1]: Entering directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
       CC adlist.o
   In file included from adlist.c:34:0:
   zmalloc.h:50:31: fatal error: jemalloc/jemalloc.h: No such file or directory
    #include <jemalloc/jemalloc.h>
                                  ^
   compilation terminated.
   make[1]: *** [adlist.o] Error 1
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   make: *** [all] Error 2
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# 

   執行make distclean後，再次執行make:

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# make
   Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
   
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# make test
   
   \o/ All tests passed without errors!
   
   Cleanup: may take some time... OK
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# 

   提醒 make test會有點花時間，如果時間緊迫，可以不必test。

3. 安裝：make install

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# make install
   cd src && make install
   make[1]: Entering directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   
   Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
   
       INSTALL install
       INSTALL install
       INSTALL install
       INSTALL install
       INSTALL install
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/redis-4.0.1/src'
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# 

4. 檢查安裝結果：redis-server -v

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# redis-server -v
   Redis server v=4.0.1 sha=00000000:0 malloc=jemalloc-4.0.3 bits=64 build=8a9e0b3e8c0b0954
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# 

   如果提示錯誤，找不到命令，則需要修改/etc/profile將/usr/local/bin新增到環境目錄中：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin

配置

1. 建立目錄：mkdir -p /etc/redis /var/redis/data /var/redis/run /var/redis/log

   
   # 配置檔案目錄,配置檔案一般放在/etc/下
   
   mkdir /etc/redis
   
   # dump file 目錄,一般放在/var/目錄下
   
   mkdir /var/redis/data
   
   # 程序pid目錄,一般放在/var/目錄下
   
   mkdir /var/redis/run
   
   # log目錄,一般放在/var/目錄下
   
   mkdir /var/redis/log

2. 修改配置檔案，配置引數
   拷貝解壓包下的redis.conf檔案至/etc/redis

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# cp -pi redis.conf /etc/redis/
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# cd /etc/redis/

   修改配置檔案的如下幾項內容：

   • 修改埠(預設6379)，此項可以不修改
     
     • port 6379
   • 修改pid目錄為新建目錄
     
     • pidfile /var/redis/run/redis_6379.pid
   • 修改dump目錄為新建目錄
     
     • dbfilename dump.rdb
     • # dir ./
     • dir /var/redis/data
   • 修改log儲存目錄為新建目錄
     
     • logfile /var/redis/log/redis.log
   • 持久化，預設為rdb，可選擇是否開啟aof，若開啟，修改配置檔案appendonly
     
     • appendonly no
     • # The name of the append only file (default: “appendonly.aof”)
     • appendfilename “appendonly.aof”
   • 設定redis密碼，安全起見，還是需要設定的
     
     • requirepass redispassword
   • 公網使用redis，需要放開ip繫結，將繫結註釋掉，或指定寬泛的公網ip範圍
     
     • # bind 127.0.0.1
   • 配置redis在background執行
     
     • daemonize yes

啟動Redis

1. 命令列啟動：

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis]# redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

   客戶端連線redis：

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# redis-cli 
   127.0.0.1:6379> auth redispassword
   OK
   127.0.0.1:6379> keys "*"
   (empty list or set)
   127.0.0.1:6379> 

   客戶端連線成功， 檢查各個目錄下的檔案是否正常生成：

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# ls -lR /var/redis/
   /var/redis/:
   total 12
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 12 15:39 data
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 12 16:18 log
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 12 16:23 run
   
   /var/redis/data:
   total 0
   
   /var/redis/log:
   total 4
   -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2234 Aug 12 16:23 redis.log
   
   /var/redis/run:
   total 4
   -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5 Aug 12 16:23 redis_6379.pid
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# 

   檢查發現/var/redis/data/下面沒有生成dump檔案，將redis停止，然後重新啟動redis，則可以發現dump檔案已正常生成。

   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# ps -ef | grep redis
   root      9380     1  0 16:23 ?        00:00:00 redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
   root     11251  4471  0 16:47 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# kill 9380
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf 
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# ls -l /var/redis/data
   total 4
   -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 172 Aug 12 16:47 dump.rdb
   [[email protected]_195_229_centos ~]# 

   另外，若配置了aof持久化方式，data目錄下還會有aof的相關檔案。

2. 配置伺服器開機自啟動。

   1. 建立redis啟動指令碼，拷貝壓縮包下的初始化指令碼，到/etc/init.d/，可修改指令碼名，以方便識別：
      cp -pi utils/redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redis

   2. 修改指令碼/etc/init.d/redis 的pid及conf路徑為實際路徑:

      
      # 修改啟動指令碼檔案 /etc/init.d/redis
      
      REDISPORT=6379
      EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server
      CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli
      
      # 生產環境下，配置時，配置檔案、pid等最好加上埠標識，以便區分
      
      PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
      CONF="/etc/redis/redis_${REDISPORT}.conf"
      
      
      # 按照上面的操作方法，需要將redis.conf重新命名一下:
      
      [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# mv /etc/redis/redis.conf /etc/redis/redis_6379.conf
      [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# ls -l /etc/redis/redis_6379.conf
      -rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 57820 Aug 12 16:23 /etc/redis/redis_6379.conf
      [[email protected]_195_229_centos redis-4.0.1]# 

      至此，在/etc/init.d/目錄下，已經可以通過service redis start/stop/restart 來操作redis服務了。

   3. 給啟動指令碼新增許可權：chmod +x /etc/init.d/redis

   4. 設定開機自啟動Redis

      • 修改/etc/init.d/redis， 向其中加入redis啟動優先順序資訊

        
        # chkconfig: 2345 90 10
        
        
        # description: Redis is a persistant key-value database.
        
        
        REDISPORT=6379
        EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server
        CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli

      • 執行chkconfig redis on

      • 至此，自啟動配置完畢。