golang基礎-chan的select操作、定時器操作、超時控制、goroutine中使用recover
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-17
chan的只讀和只寫
a.只讀chan的宣告
Var 變數的名字 <-chan int
Var readChan <- chan int
b. 只寫chan的宣告
Var 變數的名字 chan<- int
Var writeChan chan<- int
chan的select操作
格式如下
Select {
case u := <- ch1:
case e := <- ch2:
default: }
看例項程式碼:
package main
import "fmt"
import "time"
func main() {
var ch chan int
ch = make(chan int ,10)
ch2:= make(chan int ,10)
go func(){
var i int
for {
ch <- i
time.Sleep(time.Second)
ch2 <- i * i
time.Sleep(time.Second)
i ++
}
}()
for {
select{
case v:= <-ch:
fmt.Println(v)
case v:= <-ch2:
fmt.Println(v)
default:
fmt.Println("get data timeout")
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
}
}
輸出如下:
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
0
get data timeout
0
get data timeout
1
get data timeout
1
get data timeout
2
get data timeout
4
get data timeout
3
get data timeout
9
get data timeout
4
get data timeout
16
get data timeout
5
get data timeout
exit status 2
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>
chan的定時器
package main
import "fmt"
import "time"
/*
type Ticker struct {
C <-chan Time
r runtimeTimer
}
*/
func main() {
t := time.NewTicker(time.Second)
for v := range t.C {
fmt.Println("hello, ", v)
}
}
輸出如下:
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
hello, 2017-11-11 18:50:38.165007 +0800 CST
hello, 2017-11-11 18:50:39.1652525 +0800 CST
hello, 2017-11-11 18:50:40.165327 +0800 CST
hello, 2017-11-11 18:50:41.1650873 +0800 CST
exit status 2
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>
一次定時器
package main
import "fmt"
import "time"
/*
func After(d Duration) <-chan Time {
return NewTimer(d).C
}
*/
func main() {
select {
case <- time.After(time.Second):
fmt.Println("after")
}
}
輸出如下:
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
after
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>
超時控制
package main
import "fmt"
import "time"
func queryDb(ch chan int) {
// time.Sleep(time.Second)
ch <- 100
}
func main() {
ch := make(chan int)
go queryDb(ch)
t := time.NewTicker(time.Second)
select {
case v := <-ch:
fmt.Println("result", v)
case <-t.C:
fmt.Println("timeout")
}
}
輸出如下:
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
result 100
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>
以上程式碼是沒有超時的,我們將上面程式碼中 // time.Sleep(time.Second)註釋去掉
就會輸出如下的結果
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
timeout
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>
goroutine中使用recover
應用場景,如果某個goroutine panic了,而且這個goroutine裡面沒有
捕獲(recover),那麼整個程序就會掛掉。所以,好的習慣是每當go產
生一個goroutine,就需要寫下recover
package main
import (
"fmt"
// "runtime"
"time"
)
func test() {
defer func() {
if err := recover(); err != nil {
fmt.Println("panic:", err)
}
}()
var m map[string]int
m["stu"] = 100
}
func calc() {
for {
fmt.Println("i'm calc")
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
}
func main() {
go test()
for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
go calc()
}
time.Sleep(time.Second * 10000)
}
輸出如下:
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
i'm calc
panic: assignment to entry in nil map
i'm calc
i'm calc
i'm calc
i'm calc
i'm calc
i'm calc
i'm calc
exit status 2
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>