一.介紹

控制反轉（Inversion of Control，英文縮寫為IoC）：高層不直接依賴低層,轉移到第三方決定. 總結: 高層應該依賴抽象,抽象是穩定的,細節是多變的.

依賴註入（Dependency Injection，簡稱DI）: Ioc 的實現方式.

二.Unity使用介紹

使用Nuget包安裝以下組件:

Unity : 5.8.6

Unity.Interception : 5.5.3

<!--Unity 配置文件-->
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Unity.Configuration"/>
  </configSections>
  <unity>
    <sectionExtension type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension.Configuration.InterceptionConfigurationExtension, Unity.Interception.Configuration"/>
    <containers>
      <container name="testContainer">
        <register type="Interface.IPhone,Interface" mapTo="Services.AndroidPhone, Services" />
        <register type="Interface.IPhone,Interface" mapTo="Services.TestPhone, Services" name="TestPhone"/>
      </container>
    </containers>
  </unity>
</configuration>

<!--Unity 配置文件講解--> 
  <unity>
    <sectionExtension type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension.Configuration.InterceptionConfigurationExtension, Unity.Interception.Configuration"/>
    <containers>
      <container name="容器名稱">
        <register type="接口的命名空間(namespace).接口名,接口的命名空間" mapTo="實現類的命名空間.實現類名, 實現類名" />
        <register type="Interface.IPhone,Interface" mapTo="Services.TestPhone, Services" name="TestPhone"/>
      </container>
    </containers>
  </unity>
</configuration>

封裝UnityIocHelper調用類:

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;
using Unity;
using Unity.Resolution;

namespace MyIOC.Untiy
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 描 述：UnityIoc
    /// </summary>
    public class UnityIocHelper
    {
        
 
#region 構造方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 構造方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="containerName">容器名稱</param>
        private UnityIocHelper(string containerName)
        {
            
            ExeConfigurationFileMap fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();
            fileMap.ExeConfigFilename = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "CfgFiles\\Unity.Config");//找配置文件的路徑
            Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection(UnityConfigurationSection.SectionName);
            //UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity");
            // <unity configSource="Config\ioc.config" />
            if (section.Containers.Count > 0)
            {
                _container = new UnityContainer();
                section.Configure(_container, containerName);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 屬性
        /// <summary>
        /// 容器
        /// </summary>
        private readonly IUnityContainer _container;
        /// <summary>
        /// 容器實例
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly UnityIocHelper instance = new UnityIocHelper("testContainer");

    
        /// <summary>
        /// UnityIoc容器實例
        /// </summary>
        public static UnityIocHelper Instance
        {
            get { return instance; }
        }


        #endregion

        #region 獲取對應接口的具體實現類
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取實現類(默認映射)
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">接口類型</typeparam>
        /// <returns>接口</returns>
        public T GetService<T>()
        {
            return _container.Resolve<T>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取實現類(默認映射)帶參數的
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">接口類型</typeparam>
        /// <param name="parameter">參數</param>
        /// <returns>接口</returns>
        public T GetService<T>(params ParameterOverride[] parameter)
        {
            return _container.Resolve<T>(parameter);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取實現類(指定映射)帶參數的
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <param name="parameter"></param>
        /// <returns>接口</returns>
        public T GetService<T>(string name, params ParameterOverride[] parameter)
        {
            return _container.Resolve<T>(name, parameter);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 判斷接口是否被註冊了
        /// <summary>
        /// 判斷接口是否被實現了
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">接口類型</typeparam>
        /// <returns>bool</returns>
        public bool IsResolve<T>()
        {
            return _container.IsRegistered<T>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 判斷接口是否被實現了
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">接口類型</typeparam>
        /// <param name="name">映射名稱</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool IsResolve<T>(string name)
        {
            return _container.IsRegistered<T>(name);
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

調用示例:

var android = UnityIocHelper.Instance.GetService<IPhone>();//不帶參數,默認取容器的沒用name的,但只能有一個,不然會異常.
    android.Call();//AndroidPhone

var android = UnityIocHelper.Instance.GetService<IPhone>("TestPhone"); //取容器內名稱匹配的.
android.Call();//TestPhone

三.Unity實現AOP

<!--Unity 配置文件-->
<container name="ContainerAOP">
      <extension type="Interception"/>
      <register type="Interface.IPhone,Interface" mapTo="Services.AndroidPhone, Services">
          <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
          <interceptionBehavior type="AOP.LogAfterBehavior,AOP"/>
          <interceptionBehavior type="AOP.LogBeforeBehavior,AOP"/> 
       </register>
 </container>

調用示例:

  var androidAOP = UnityIocHelper.AOPInstance.GetService<IPhone>();//跟普通調用一樣.
            androidAOP.Call();

四.源碼下載:

https://github.com/gyw1309631798/MyIOC

Unity依賴註入(筆記)