2. 程式人生 > >47.Nginx安裝 預設虛擬主機 使用者認證 域名重定向

47.Nginx安裝 預設虛擬主機 使用者認證 域名重定向

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-07-23

12.6 Nginx安裝

12.7 預設虛擬主機

12.8 Nginx使用者認證

12.9 Nginx域名重定向

擴充套件

nginx.conf 配置詳解 http://www.ha97.com/5194.html http://my.oschina.net/duxuefeng/blog/34880

nginx rewrite四種flag http://www.netingcn.com/nginx-rewrite-flag.html http://unixman.blog.51cto.com/10163040/1711943

 

 

 

 

 

12.6 Nginx安裝：

 

~1. cd /usr/local/src

~2.wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

~3.tar zxf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

~4.cd /usr/local/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

~5../configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx （此處看需求需要哪種模組就要加上。後期會用到https，再來重新編譯）

~6.make && make install

~7. vim /etc/init.d/nginx 建立啟動指令碼 複製例項中內容

（參考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx ）

~8.chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

~9.chkconfig --add nginx

~10.chkconfig nginx on

~11.cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/; mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak 配置檔案

~12.vim nginx.conf 複製例項中內容

（參考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/nginx.conf）

~13./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

~14./etc/init.d/nginx start

~15. netstat -lntp |grep 80

 

測試php解析：

vi /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php 加入如下內容

<?php

echo "test php scripts.";

?>

curl localhost/1.php

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

例項：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src

[root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

[root@localhostsrc]# cd nginx-1.8.0/

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + md5: using system crypto library
  + sha1: using system crypto library
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# echo $?

0

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# make

make[1]: 離開目錄“/usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.0”
make -f objs/Makefile manpage
make[1]: 進入目錄“/usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.0”
sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" \
	-e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \
	-e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \
	-e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" \
	< man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8
make[1]: 離開目錄“/usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.0”

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# echo $?

0

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# make install

make -f objs/Makefile install
make[1]: 進入目錄“/usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.0”
test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' 		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin'
test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' 		|| mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' 			'/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'
cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/conf' 		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-win '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/win-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types' 		|| cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' 		|| cp conf/fastcgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi_params 		'/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' 		|| cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' 		|| cp conf/uwsgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/uwsgi_params 		'/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params' 		|| cp conf/scgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/scgi_params 		'/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' 		|| cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'
cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' 		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' || 		mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' 		|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' || 		mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: 離開目錄“/usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.0”

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# echo $?

0

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/ 看下他的目錄，很小，沒有多少檔案

conf html logs sbin

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/conf conf下就是配置檔案

conf:
fastcgi.conf  fastcgi_params  koi-utf  koi-win  mime.types  nginx.conf  scgi_params  uwsgi_params  win-utf

/usr/local/nginx/conf:
fastcgi.conf          fastcgi_params          koi-utf  mime.types          nginx.conf          scgi_params          uwsgi_params          win-utf
fastcgi.conf.default  fastcgi_params.default  koi-win  mime.types.default  nginx.conf.default  scgi_params.default  uwsgi_params.default

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]#  ls /usr/local/nginx/conf conf

html:
50x.html  index.html

/usr/local/nginx/html:
50x.html  index.html

下就是樣例（index.html）

50x.html index.html

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs  /logs下就是存放日誌的

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin  /sbin下就是他的核心檔案

nginx

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  /-t也是支援的。檢視是否有錯

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

下面給他建立配置檔案，做啟動指令碼

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx 啟動指令碼中複製一下內容

#!/bin/bash
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings


NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
prog="Nginx"


start()
{

    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}   


stop()

{

    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}   



reload()
{

      echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
      killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
      RETVAL=$?
      echo
      return $RETVAL
      
}     



restart()
{

    start
    
}   



configtest()

{

    $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
    return 0
    
}   



case "$1" in
start)
     start
     ;;
stop)
     stop
     ;;
reload)
     reload
     ;;
restart)
     restart
     ;;
configtest)
     configtest
     ;;
*)   

     echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
     RETVAL=1
esac


exit $RETVAL

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# chkconfig --add nginx

[root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# chkconfig nginx on

[root@localhostconf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/

[root@localhost conf]# ls 其實裡面有一個.conf的配置檔案，但是我們不用這個。重新設定一個

fastcgi.conf          fastcgi_params          koi-utf  mime.types          nginx.conf          scgi_params          uwsgi_params          win-utf
fastcgi.conf.default  fastcgi_params.default  koi-win  mime.types.default  nginx.conf.default  scgi_params.default  uwsgi_params.default

[root@localhost conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.1 把自帶的改個名字

[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf 在建立一個我們需要的，直接vim就可以了。

複製一下的：

user nobody nobody; 用來定義nginx的啟動是哪個使用者。其實就是這個程序的使用者，比如去一個目錄下讀一個圖片，那麼是有哪個使用者的身份去讀的呢？就在這定義

worker_processes 2; 定義子程序有幾個

error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; 定義nginx最多可以開啟多少個檔案

 

events

{

use epoll; 使用epoll模式

worker_connections 6000; 程序最多有多少個連線

}

 

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;

server_names_hash_max_size 4096;

log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'

' $host "$request_uri" $status'

' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 30;

client_header_timeout 3m;

client_body_timeout 3m;

send_timeout 3m;

connection_pool_size 256;

client_header_buffer_size 1k;

large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;

request_pool_size 4k;

output_buffers 4 32k;

postpone_output 1460;

client_max_body_size 10m;

client_body_buffer_size 256k;

client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;

proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;

fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;

fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

tcp_nodelay on;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 8k;

gzip_comp_level 5;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm

application/xml;

 

server 每個server對應的一個虛擬主機。也就是預設的虛擬主機。跟Apache的VirtualHost類似後面也可以再繼續加

{

listen 80; 監聽80埠

server_name localhost; 域名

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /usr/local/nginx/html; 網站的根目錄

 

location ~ \.php$ 用來解析php的部分

{

include fastcgi_params;

fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; 我們用的是sock，所以這樣寫

#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1：9000 如果監聽的是指定的。可以這樣寫你需要指定的IP就可以了

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;

}

}

}

user nobody nobody; 

worker_processes 2; 

error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;



events

{

   use epoll; 

   worker_connections 6000; 

}



http

{

   include mime.types;
   default_type application/octet-stream;
   server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
   log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
   ' $host "$request_uri" $status'
   ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
   sendfile on;
   tcp_nopush on;
   keepalive_timeout 30;
   client_header_timeout 3m;
   client_body_timeout 3m;
   send_timeout 3m;
   connection_pool_size 256;
   client_header_buffer_size 1k;
   large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
   output_buffers 4 32k;
   postpone_output 1460;
   client_max_body_size 10m;
   client_body_buffer_size 256k;
   client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
   proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
   fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
   fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
   tcp_nodelay on;
   gzip on;
   gzip_min_length 1k;
   gzip_comp_level 5;
   gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
   gzip_comp_level 5;
   gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
   
   
server

{

   listen 80; 
   
   server_name localhost; 
   
   index index.html index.htm index.php;
   
   root /usr/local/nginx/html; 
   
   

   location ~ \.php$ 
   
{  

       include fastcgi_params;
       
       fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; 
       
       #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1：9000 
       
       fastcgi_index index.php;
       
       fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
       
    }  
    
  } 
  
}

[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 編輯好配置檔案，檢查有沒有錯

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost conf]# /etc/init.d/nginx start

Starting nginx (via systemctl):                            [  確定  ]

[root@localhost conf]# ps aux |grep nginx

root（父程序一般是root） 4936 0.0 0.0 24880 788 ? Ss 00:11 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nobody 4937 0.0 0.1 27324 3364 ? S 00:11 0:00 nginx: worker process

nobody 4938 0.0 0.1 27324 3364 ? S 00:11 0:00 nginx: worker process

root 4940 0.0 0.0 112720 980 pts/0 S+ 00:11 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

root       3775  0.0  0.0  24884   788 ?        Ss   13:29   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody     3776  0.0  0.3  27328  3352 ?        S    13:29   0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody     3777  0.0  0.3  27328  3608 ?        S    13:29   0:00 nginx: worker process
root       3779  0.0  0.0 112724   988 pts/0    R+   13:30   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php 建一個php測試一下

<?php

    echo "test php scripts.";

?>

 

[root@localhost conf]# curl localhost/1.php 我們在配置檔案了設定了localhost的目錄就是/usr/local/nginx/html，所以這裡直接寫localhost/1.php就可以了

test php scripts.[root@localhost conf]# 
# 這就說明解析成功了

 

 

 

 

 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 

 

 

12.7 預設虛擬主機：

 

 

上一節我們定義了預設虛擬主機配置檔案，其實就是第一個。當然，以下是專門來定義預設虛擬主機的配置段：

~1.vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //增加：（之間配置了service的，要先把service那些刪掉，在增加）

include vhost/*.conf

~2.mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost

~3.cd !$; vim aaa.com.conf //加入如下內容

server

{

listen 80 default_server; // 有default_service這個標記的就是預設虛擬主機

server_name aaa.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/default;

}

~4.mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default/

~5. echo “This is a default site.”>/data/wwwroot/default/index.html

~6./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

~7./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

~8.curl localhost

~9.curl -x127.0.0.1:80 123.com

 

 

 

例項：

 

[root@localhostconf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 

http http包含的service，在最下面定義一下include

{

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm

application/xml;

include vhost/*.conf;

[root@localhost conf]# pwd

/usr/local/nginx/conf 定義的clude就是在這個目錄下的

[root@localhost conf]# mkdir vhost 建立上面定義include的目錄。就是在conf目錄下的

[root@localhost conf]# vim aaa.com.conf 建立一個比如叫aaa.com.conf的檔案。注意字尾名，我們定義了vhost下的所有.conf的檔案，所以要加上.conf。複製上下面的：

erver

{

listen 80 default_server; 有這個的就是預設的虛擬主機

server_name aaa.com; 名字叫aaa.com

index index.html index.htm index.php; 指定索引頁

root /data/wwwroot/default; 指定網站根目錄

}

server

{

   listen 80 default_server;
   server_name aaa.com;
   index index.html index.htm index.php;
   root /data/wwwroot/default; 

}

以上指定了網站的根目錄，還要建立/data/wwwroot/default的這個目錄

[root@localhost conf]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/default 建立default這個目錄

[root@localhost conf]# cd /data/wwwroot/default cd到這個目錄

[root@localhost default]# vim index.html vim一個index.html的檔案

[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 檢測一下

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost default]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 重新載入

[root@localhost vhost]# curl localhost

“This is a default site.” 不顯示原因不明

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -x192.168.30.134:80 bbb.com

“This is a default site.” 不管訪問的是什麼，都是顯示的這個。這個就叫預設虛擬主機

阿鑫在做的時候curl報錯拒絕連結，發現沒有在vhost的目錄下vim aaa.com.conf。需注意

 

我們在vhost裡建立了aaa.com.conf裡面設定了default_service這個預設虛擬主機的標記。其實在vhost這個目錄下可以建立很多.conf的檔案（也就是虛擬主機），他也可以按順序排列，放在第一位的就是預設虛擬主機。當然也可以通過名字，比如，aaa bbb ccc，那麼aaa就是預設虛擬主機，當然這個也不是一個好的方法

 

 

 

 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 

 

 

 

12.8 Nginx使用者認證：

 

 

需要定義一個使用者密碼認證的檔案：

~1.vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf//寫入如下內容

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /

{

auth_basic "Auth"; 定義使用者認證的名字

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd; 使用者名稱密碼檔案

}

}

~2.yum install -y httpd 安裝httpd，為的是生成密碼檔案。要使用htpasswd這個命令

~3.htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd axin

~4.-t && -s reload //測試配置並重新載入

~5.mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com

~6.echo “test.com”>/data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html

~7.curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I//狀態碼為401說明需要驗證

~8.curl -uaming:passwd 訪問狀態碼變為200

~9. 編輯windows的hosts檔案，然後在瀏覽器中訪問test.com會有輸入使用者、密碼的彈窗

~~1.針對目錄的使用者認證（這個網站下的某一個目錄，例如admin目錄）。

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf 的location /後面加上admin目錄就可以了

location /admin/

{

auth_basic "Auth";

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

}

 

~~2. 訪問admin下的php檔案（單獨一個檔案）的時候做使用者驗證

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf 的location後面加上 ~admin.php

location ~ admin.php

{

auth_basic "Auth";

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

}

 

 

例項：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/

[root@localhost vhost]# ls

aaa.com.conf

[root@localhost vhost]# vim test.com.conf

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /

{

auth_basic "Auth"; 定義使用者認證的名字

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd; 使用者名稱密碼檔案

}

}

server

{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

    location /

    {

    auth_basic "Auth";
    auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

    }

}

[root@localhost vhost]# yum install -y httpd

[root@localhost vhost]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd axin  /-c代表生成密碼檔案和使用者

New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user axin

[root@localhost vhost]# htpasswd /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd user1 不加-c是生成另外一個。加了-c會覆蓋之前的使用者

New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user user1

[root@localhost vhost]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd 這就是我們生成的兩個使用者

axin:$apr1$65xVjybI$7J87ZKPixirDwtV6yISLz.
user1:$apr1$eNxB0qYf$L6O9tM5kb82fdvPk1UOQM1

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 測試

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 重新載入（如果配置裡有錯的話，是不會生效的。不會破壞原來nginx的服務。如果直接restart的話，萬一配置檔案裡有錯誤，一重啟會導致服務停掉）最好是使用reload

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com 測試為401（使用者認證，沒有許可權）

<html>
<head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.8.0</center>
</body>
</html>

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -uaxin:wangxin789 -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com 404（因為我們還沒有建立他的根目錄）

<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.8.0</center>
</body>
</html>

[root@localhost vhost]# ls /data/wwwroot/ 看一下沒有建立test.com

111.com 123.php abc.com default

[root@localhost vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com 建立test.com的目錄

[root@localhost vhost]# echo "wozhenniu" > /data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html 給他建立一個index.html的檔案，並輸入點字元

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -uaxin:wangxin789 -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com 測試成功

wozhenniu

已上是針對整個網站做使用者認證，下面是針對一個目錄下做使用者認證：

~~1.

[root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf 開啟.conf

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /admin/ 加入admin/

{

auth_basic "Auth";

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

}

}

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@localhost vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com/admin/

[root@localhost vhost]# echo "wozhenni" > /data/wwwroot/test.com/admin/index.html

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/index.html -I

HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:24:23 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 194
Connection: keep-alive
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Auth"

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -uaxin:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/index.html -I

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:25:01 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 9
Last-Modified: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:24:06 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5d36a806-9"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location ~ admin.php 指定單獨的.php檔案

{

auth_basic "Auth";

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

}

}

[root@localhost vhost]# vim /data/wwwroot/test.com/admin.php 建立這個admin.php

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin.php -I 測試顯示401

HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:31:07 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 194
Connection: keep-alive
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Auth"

 

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -uaxin:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin.php -I 指定使用者200

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:32:01 GMT
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Length: 0
Last-Modified: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:27:11 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5d36a8bf-0"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

 

 

 

 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 

 

 

12.9 Nginx域名重定向：

 

 

 

~1.更改test.com.conf（vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf)

~2.server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com test1.com test2.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

if ($host != 'test.com' ) { 跟apache的域名跳轉是一樣的

rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;

}

}

~3.server_name後面支援寫多個域名，這裡要和httpd的做一個對比

~4.permanent為永久重定向，狀態碼為301。如果寫redirect則為302。暫時重定向

 

 

例項：

[root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com test1.com test2.com

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

if ($host != 'test.com' ) {

rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;

}

}

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test1.com -I 301，跳轉到test.com

HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 06:40:42 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 184
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://test.com/
 
 

            
  

           

              
              

            

            
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