1. 程式人生 > >Springboot原始碼分析之事務攔截和管理

Springboot原始碼分析之事務攔截和管理

摘要:

springboot的自動裝配事務裡面,InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator ,TransactionInterceptor,PlatformTransactionManager這三個bean都被裝配進來了,InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator已經講過了,就是一個後置處理器,並且優先順序不是很高,而是最低,今天的重點是講解後面兩者之間在事務的扮演角色。TransactionInterceptor作為事務的增強子,扮演著增強處理Spring事務的核心角色。

TransactionInterceptor支撐著整個事務功能的架構,邏輯還是相對複雜的,那麼現在我們切入正題來分析此攔截器是如何實現事務特性的。

Spring事務三大介面

TransactionDefinition:用於描述隔離級別、超時時間、是否為只讀事務和事務傳播規則

    public interface TransactionDefinition {
        int PROPAGATION_REQUIRED = 0;
        int PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS = 1;
        int PROPAGATION_MANDATORY = 2;
        int PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW = 3;
        int PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 4;
        int PROPAGATION_NEVER = 5;
        int PROPAGATION_NESTED = 6;
        int ISOLATION_DEFAULT = -1;
        int ISOLATION_READ_UNCOMMITTED = 1;
        int ISOLATION_READ_COMMITTED = 2;
        int ISOLATION_REPEATABLE_READ = 4;
        int ISOLATION_SERIALIZABLE = 8;
        int TIMEOUT_DEFAULT = -1;
    }

TransactionStatus:代表一個事務的具體執行狀態、以及儲存點

    public interface TransactionStatus extends SavepointManager, Flushable {
       // 判斷當前的事務是否是新事務
        boolean isNewTransaction();
       // 判斷該事務裡面是否含有儲存點
        boolean hasSavepoint();
         // 這是事務的唯一結果是否進行回滾。因此如果你在外層給try catche住不讓事務回滾,就會丟擲你可能常見的異常
        void setRollbackOnly();
    
        boolean isRollbackOnly();
    
        void flush();
       // 不管是commit或者rollback了都算結束了~~~
        boolean isCompleted();
    }

一般都是使用它的實現類DefaultTransactionStatus,它是Spring預設使用的事務狀態。

PlatformTransactionManager:一個高層次的介面,看名字就知道是管理事務的

    public interface PlatformTransactionManager {
        TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition var1) throws TransactionException;
    
        void commit(TransactionStatus var1) throws TransactionException;
    
        void rollback(TransactionStatus var1) throws TransactionException;
    }

事務攔截器

    public class TransactionInterceptor extends TransactionAspectSupport implements MethodInterceptor, Serializable {
        public TransactionInterceptor() {
        }
    
        public TransactionInterceptor(PlatformTransactionManager ptm, Properties attributes) {
            this.setTransactionManager(ptm);
            this.setTransactionAttributes(attributes);
        }
    
        public TransactionInterceptor(PlatformTransactionManager ptm, TransactionAttributeSource tas) {
            this.setTransactionManager(ptm);
            this.setTransactionAttributeSource(tas);
        }
    
      //最重要的方法,攔截入口
        @Nullable
        public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
            Class<?> targetClass = invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null;
            Method var10001 = invocation.getMethod();
            invocation.getClass();
            return this.invokeWithinTransaction(var10001, targetClass, invocation::proceed);
        }
    //省略無關程式碼......
    }

我們已經知道了,它是個MethodInterceptor,被事務攔截的方法最終都會執行到此增強器身上。
MethodInterceptor是個環繞通知,敲好符合我們的開啟、提交、回滾事務等操作,原始碼分析可以看出,真正做事情的其實還是在父類,它有一個執行事務的模版。

TransactionAspectSupport

    public abstract class TransactionAspectSupport implements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean {
        private static final Object DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY = new Object();
        // currentTransactionStatus() 方法需要使用到它
        private static final ThreadLocal<TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo> transactionInfoHolder = new NamedThreadLocal("Current aspect-driven transaction");
        protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
        //事務管理器的名稱
        @Nullable
        private String transactionManagerBeanName;
        //事務管理器
        @Nullable
        private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
        //事務屬性源
        @Nullable
        private TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource;
        @Nullable
        private BeanFactory beanFactory;
        // 因為事務管理器可能也會有多個  所以此處做了一個簡單的快取~
        private final ConcurrentMap<Object, PlatformTransactionManager> transactionManagerCache = new ConcurrentReferenceHashMap(4);
    
        public TransactionAspectSupport() {
        }
    
        @Nullable
        protected static TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo currentTransactionInfo() throws NoTransactionException {
            return (TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo)transactionInfoHolder.get();
        }
        //外部呼叫此Static方法,可議獲取到當前事務的狀態  從而甚至可議手動來提交、回滾事務
        public static TransactionStatus currentTransactionStatus() throws NoTransactionException {
            TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo info = currentTransactionInfo();
            if (info != null && info.transactionStatus != null) {
                return info.transactionStatus;
            } else {
                throw new NoTransactionException("No transaction aspect-managed TransactionStatus in scope");
            }
        }
       //省略無關程式碼......
      // 這裡可以發現,若傳入的為Properties  內部是實際使用的是NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource 去匹配的,transactionAttributeSource會被覆蓋的喲
        public void setTransactionAttributes(Properties transactionAttributes) {
            NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource tas = new NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource();
            tas.setProperties(transactionAttributes);
            this.transactionAttributeSource = tas;
        }
        // 根據方法和目標類來選擇
        public void setTransactionAttributeSources(TransactionAttributeSource... transactionAttributeSources) {
            this.transactionAttributeSource = new CompositeTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSources);
        }
       //省略無關程式碼......
      // 接下來就只剩我們最為核心的處理事務的模版方法了
       @Nullable
        protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass,
                final InvocationCallback invocation) throws Throwable {
    
            // If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
        // 獲取事務屬性源~
            TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
        // 獲取該方法對應的事務屬性(這個特別重要)
       // 不同的事務處理方式使用不同的邏輯。對於宣告式事務的處理與程式設計式事務的處理,重要區別在於事務屬性上,因為程式設計式的事務處理是不需要有事務屬性的
            final TransactionAttribute txAttr = (tas != null ? tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) : null);
        // 找到一個合適的事務管理器
            final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
        // 拿到目標方法唯一標識
            final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);
    
            if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
                // Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
          // 看是否有必要建立一個事務,根據`事務傳播行為`,做出相應的判斷
                TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
    
                Object retVal;
                try {
                    // This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
                    // This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
            //回撥方法執行,執行目標方法(原有的業務邏輯)
                    retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
                }
                catch (Throwable ex) {
                    // target invocation exception
            // 出現異常了,進行回滾(注意:並不是所有異常都會rollback的)
                    // 備註:此處若沒有事務屬性   會commit 相容程式設計式事務吧
                    completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
                    throw ex;
                }
                finally {
            //清除資訊
                    cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
                }
          // 目標方法完全執行完成後,提交事務~~~
                commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
                return retVal;
            }
            else {
          //程式設計式事務處理(CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) 會走這裡 
            // 原理也差不太多,這裡不做詳解~~~~
        
                final ThrowableHolder throwableHolder = new ThrowableHolder();
    
                // It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in.
                try {
                    Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr, status -> {
                        TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
                        try {
                            return invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
                        }
                        catch (Throwable ex) {
                            if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {
                                // A RuntimeException: will lead to a rollback.
                                if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
                                    throw (RuntimeException) ex;
                                }
                                else {
                                    throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);
                                }
                            }
                            else {
                                // A normal return value: will lead to a commit.
                                throwableHolder.throwable = ex;
                                return null;
                            }
                        }
                        finally {
                            cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
                        }
                    });
    
                    // Check result state: It might indicate a Throwable to rethrow.
                    if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
                        throw throwableHolder.throwable;
                    }
                    return result;
                }
                catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {
                    throw ex.getCause();
                }
                catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
                    if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
                        logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);
                        ex2.initApplicationException(throwableHolder.throwable);
                    }
                    throw ex2;
                }
                catch (Throwable ex2) {
                    if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
                        logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);
                    }
                    throw ex2;
                }
            }
        }
      // 從容器中找到一個事務管理器
        @Nullable
        protected PlatformTransactionManager determineTransactionManager(@Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr) {
            if (txAttr != null && this.beanFactory != null) {
              // qualifier 就在此處發揮作用了,他就相當於BeanName
                String qualifier = txAttr.getQualifier();
                if (StringUtils.hasText(qualifier)) {
                  // 根據此名稱 以及PlatformTransactionManager.class 去容器內找
                    return this.determineQualifiedTransactionManager(this.beanFactory, qualifier);  // 若沒有指定qualifier   那再看看是否指定了 transactionManagerBeanName
                } else if (StringUtils.hasText(this.transactionManagerBeanName)) {
                  
                    return this.determineQualifiedTransactionManager(this.beanFactory, this.transactionManagerBeanName);
                } else {
                  // 若都沒指定,那就不管了。直接根據型別去容器裡找 getBean(Class)
            // 此處:若容器內有兩個PlatformTransactionManager ,那就鐵定會報錯啦~~~
        
                    PlatformTransactionManager defaultTransactionManager = this.getTransactionManager();
                    if (defaultTransactionManager == null) {
                        defaultTransactionManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)this.transactionManagerCache.get(DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY);
                        if (defaultTransactionManager == null) {
                            defaultTransactionManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)this.beanFactory.getBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class);
                            this.transactionManagerCache.putIfAbsent(DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY, defaultTransactionManager);
                        }
                    }
    
                    return defaultTransactionManager;
                }
            } else {
              // 如果這兩個都沒配置,所以肯定是手動設定了PlatformTransactionManager的,那就直接返回即可
                return this.getTransactionManager();
            }
        }
    
        private PlatformTransactionManager determineQualifiedTransactionManager(BeanFactory beanFactory, String qualifier) {
            PlatformTransactionManager txManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)this.transactionManagerCache.get(qualifier);
            if (txManager == null) {
                txManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)BeanFactoryAnnotationUtils.qualifiedBeanOfType(beanFactory, PlatformTransactionManager.class, qualifier);
                this.transactionManagerCache.putIfAbsent(qualifier, txManager);
            }
    
            return txManager;
        }
    
        private String methodIdentification(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass, @Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr) {
            String methodIdentification = this.methodIdentification(method, targetClass);
            if (methodIdentification == null) {
                if (txAttr instanceof DefaultTransactionAttribute) {
                    methodIdentification = ((DefaultTransactionAttribute)txAttr).getDescriptor();
                }
    
                if (methodIdentification == null) {
                    methodIdentification = ClassUtils.getQualifiedMethodName(method, targetClass);
                }
            }
    
            return methodIdentification;
        }
    
        @Nullable
        protected String methodIdentification(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
            return null;
        }
    // 若有需要 建立一個TransactionInfo (具體的事務從事務管理器裡面getTransaction())
        protected TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo createTransactionIfNecessary(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager tm, @Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr, final String joinpointIdentification) {
          //賦值
            if (txAttr != null && ((TransactionAttribute)txAttr).getName() == null) {
                txAttr = new DelegatingTransactionAttribute((TransactionAttribute)txAttr) {
                    public String getName() {
                        return joinpointIdentification;
                    }
                };
            }
    // 從事務管理器裡,通過txAttr拿出來一個TransactionStatus
            TransactionStatus status = null;
            if (txAttr != null) {
                if (tm != null) {
                    status = tm.getTransaction((TransactionDefinition)txAttr);
                } else if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.debug("Skipping transactional joinpoint [" + joinpointIdentification + "] because no transaction manager has been configured");
                }
            }
    // 通過TransactionStatus 等,轉換成一個通用的TransactionInfo
            return this.prepareTransactionInfo(tm, (TransactionAttribute)txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
        }
        protected TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo prepareTransactionInfo(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager tm, @Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr, String joinpointIdentification, @Nullable TransactionStatus status) {
          //構造一個TransactionInfo
            TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo = new TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
            if (txAttr != null) {
                if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.trace("Getting transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "]");
                }
               // 設定事務狀態
                txInfo.newTransactionStatus(status);
            } else if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                this.logger.trace("No need to create transaction for [" + joinpointIdentification + "]: This method is not transactional.");
            }
    // 這句話是最重要的,把生成的TransactionInfo並繫結到當前執行緒的ThreadLocal
            txInfo.bindToThread();
            return txInfo;
        }
    //比較簡單  只用用事務管理器提交事務即可~~~  具體的實現邏輯在事務管理器的commit實現裡~~
        protected void commitTransactionAfterReturning(@Nullable TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo) {
            if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) {
                if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "]");
                }
    
                txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
            }
    
        }
    
        protected void completeTransactionAfterThrowing(@Nullable TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo, Throwable ex) {
            if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) {
                if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "] after exception: " + ex);
                }
    // 如果有事務屬性了,那就呼叫rollbackOn看看這個異常需不需要回滾
                if (txInfo.transactionAttribute != null && txInfo.transactionAttribute.rollbackOn(ex)) {
                    try {
                        txInfo.getTransactionManager().rollback(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
                    } catch (TransactionSystemException var6) {
                        this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
                        var6.initApplicationException(ex);
                        throw var6;
                    } catch (Error | RuntimeException var7) {
                        this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
                        throw var7;
                    }
                } else {
                  // 程式設計式事務沒有事務屬性,那就commit吧
                    try {
                        txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
                    } catch (TransactionSystemException var4) {
                        this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex);
                        var4.initApplicationException(ex);
                        throw var4;
                    } catch (Error | RuntimeException var5) {
                        this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex);
                        throw var5;
                    }
                }
            }
    
        }
    
        protected void cleanupTransactionInfo(@Nullable TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo) {
            if (txInfo != null) {
                txInfo.restoreThreadLocalStatus();
            }
    
        }
    
        private static class ThrowableHolderException extends RuntimeException {
            public ThrowableHolderException(Throwable throwable) {
                super(throwable);
            }
    
            public String toString() {
                return this.getCause().toString();
            }
        }
    
        private static class ThrowableHolder {
            @Nullable
            public Throwable throwable;
    
            private ThrowableHolder() {
            }
        }
    
        @FunctionalInterface
        protected interface InvocationCallback {
            Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable;
        }
    
        protected final class TransactionInfo {
          // 當前事務  的事務管理器
            @Nullable
            private final PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
          // 當前事務  的事務屬性
            @Nullable
            private final TransactionAttribute transactionAttribute;
          //joinpoint標識
            private final String joinpointIdentification;
          //當前事務    的TransactionStatus
            @Nullable
            private TransactionStatus transactionStatus;
          // 重點就是這個oldTransactionInfo欄位
              // 這個欄位儲存了當前事務所在的`父事務`上下文的引用,構成了一個鏈,準確的說是一個有向無環圖
        
            @Nullable
            private TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo oldTransactionInfo;
    
            public TransactionInfo(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager, @Nullable TransactionAttribute transactionAttribute, String joinpointIdentification) {
                this.transactionManager = transactionManager;
                this.transactionAttribute = transactionAttribute;
                this.joinpointIdentification = joinpointIdentification;
            }
    
            public PlatformTransactionManager getTransactionManager() {
                Assert.state(this.transactionManager != null, "No PlatformTransactionManager set");
                return this.transactionManager;
            }
    
            @Nullable
            public TransactionAttribute getTransactionAttribute() {
                return this.transactionAttribute;
            }
    
            public String getJoinpointIdentification() {
                return this.joinpointIdentification;
            }
            //注意這個方法名,新的一個事務status
            public void newTransactionStatus(@Nullable TransactionStatus status) {
                this.transactionStatus = status;
            }
    
            @Nullable
            public TransactionStatus getTransactionStatus() {
                return this.transactionStatus;
            }
    
            public boolean hasTransaction() {
                return this.transactionStatus != null;
            }
             //綁定當前正在處理的事務的所有資訊到ThreadLocal
            private void bindToThread() {
              // 老的事務  先從執行緒中拿出來,再把新的(也就是當前)繫結進去~~~~~~
                this.oldTransactionInfo = (TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo)TransactionAspectSupport.transactionInfoHolder.get();
                TransactionAspectSupport.transactionInfoHolder.set(this);
            }
            //當前事務處理完之後,恢復父事務上下文
            private void restoreThreadLocalStatus() {
                TransactionAspectSupport.transactionInfoHolder.set(this.oldTransactionInfo);
            }
    
            public String toString() {
                return this.transactionAttribute != null ? this.transactionAttribute.toString() : "No transaction";
            }
        }
    }

事務管理器

AbstractPlatformTransactionManager

可見它是對PlatformTransactionManager的一個抽象實現。實現Spring的標準事務工作流
這個基類提供了以下工作流程處理:

  • 確定如果有現有的事務;
  • 應用適當的傳播行為;
  • 如果有必要暫停和恢復事務;
  • 提交時檢查rollback-only標記;
  • 應用適當的修改當回滾(實際回滾或設定rollback-only);
    觸發同步回撥註冊(如果事務同步是啟用的)
    public abstract class AbstractPlatformTransactionManager implements PlatformTransactionManager, Serializable {
    
        //始終啟用事務同步(請參閱事務的傳播屬性~)
        public static final int SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS = 0;
        //僅對實際事務(即,不針對由傳播導致的空事務)啟用事務同步\不支援現有後端事務
        public static final int SYNCHRONIZATION_ON_ACTUAL_TRANSACTION = 1;
        //永遠不啟用事務同步
        public static final int SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER = 2;
    
        // 相當於把本類的所有的public static final的變數都收集到此處~~~~
        private static final Constants constants = new Constants(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.class);
    
        // ===========預設值
        private int transactionSynchronization = SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS;
        // 事務預設的超時時間  為-1表示不超時
        private int defaultTimeout = TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT;
        //Set whether nested transactions are allowed. Default is "false".
        private boolean nestedTransactionAllowed = false;
        // Set whether existing transactions should be validated before participating(參與、加入)
        private boolean validateExistingTransaction = false;
        
        //設定是否僅在參與事務`失敗後`將 現有事務`全域性`標記為回滾  預設值是true 需要注意~~~
        // 表示只要你的事務失敗了,就標記此事務為rollback-only 表示它只能給與回滾  而不能再commit或者正常結束了
        // 這個呼叫者經常會犯的一個錯誤就是:上層事務service丟擲異常了,自己把它給try住,並且並且還不throw,那就肯定會報錯的:
        // 報錯資訊:Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only
        // 當然嘍,這個屬性強制不建議設定為false~~~~~~
        private boolean globalRollbackOnParticipationFailure = true;
        // 如果事務被全域性標記為僅回滾,則設定是否及早失敗~~~~
        private boolean failEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly = false;
        // 設定在@code docommit呼叫失敗時是否應執行@code dorollback 通常不需要,因此應避免
        private boolean rollbackOnCommitFailure = false;
        
        // 我們發現使用起來有點列舉的意思了,特別是用XML配置的時候  非常像列舉的使用~~~~~~~
        // 這也是Constants的重要意義~~~~
        public final void setTransactionSynchronizationName(String constantName) {
            setTransactionSynchronization(constants.asNumber(constantName).intValue());
        }
        public final void setTransactionSynchronization(int transactionSynchronization) {
            this.transactionSynchronization = transactionSynchronization;
        }
        //... 省略上面所有欄位的一些get/set方法~~~
    
        // 最為重要的一個方法,根據實物定義,獲取到一個事務TransactionStatus 
        @Override
        public final TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException {
            //doGetTransaction()方法是抽象方法,具體的實現由具體的事務處理器提供(下面會以DataSourceTransactionManager為例子)
            Object transaction = doGetTransaction();
    
            //如果沒有配置事務屬性,則使用預設的事務屬性
            if (definition == null) {
                definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
            }
    
            //檢查當前執行緒是否存在事務  isExistingTransaction此方法預設返回false  但子類都複寫了此方法
            if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) {
                // handleExistingTransaction方法為處理已經存在事務的情況
                // 這個方法的實現也很複雜,總之還是對一些傳播屬性進行解析,各種情況的考慮~~~~~ 如果有新事務產生 doBegin()就會被呼叫~~~~
                return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled);
            }
    
            // 超時時間的簡單校驗~~~~
            if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {
                throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout());
            }
    
            // 處理事務屬性中配置的事務傳播特性==============
        
            // PROPAGATION_MANDATORY 如果已經存在一個事務,支援當前事務。如果沒有一個活動的事務,則丟擲異常
            if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) {
                throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'");
            }
        
            //如果事務傳播特性為required、required_new或nested
            else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED ||
                    definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW ||
                    definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {
                    
                // 掛起,但是doSuspend()由子類去實現~~~
                // 掛起操作,觸發相關的掛起註冊的事件,把當前執行緒事物的所有屬性都封裝好,放到一個SuspendedResourcesHolder
                // 然後清空清空一下`當前執行緒事務`
                SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null);
    
                // 此處,開始建立事務~~~~~
                try {
                    boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
    
                    // //建立一個新的事務狀態  就是new DefaultTransactionStatus()  把個屬性都賦值上
                    DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
                            definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
                    // 開始事務,抽象方法,由子類去實現~
                    doBegin(transaction, definition);
                    //初始化和同步事務狀態    是TransactionSynchronizationManager這個類  它內部維護了很多的ThreadLocal
                    prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
                    return status;
                }
                catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
                    //重新開始 doResume由子類去實現
                    resume(null, suspendedResources);
                    throw ex;
                }
            }
            // 走到這裡  傳播屬性就是不需要事務的  那就直接建立一個
            else {
                boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);
                // 這個方法相當於先newTransactionStatus,再prepareSynchronization這兩步~~~
                // 顯然和上面的區別是:中間不回插入呼叫doBegin()方法,因為沒有事務  begin個啥~~
                return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
            }
        }
    
    
        // 再看看commit方法
        @Override
        public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
            //如果是一個已經完成的事物,不可重複提交
            if (status.isCompleted()) {
                throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");
            }
    
            DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;
            // 如果已經標記為了需要回滾,那就執行回滾吧
            if (defStatus.isLocalRollbackOnly()) {
                processRollback(defStatus, false);
                return;
            }
    
            //  shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly這個預設值是false,目前只有JTA事務複寫成true了
            // isGlobalRollbackOnly:是否標記為了全域性的RollbackOnly
            if (!shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly() && defStatus.isGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
                processRollback(defStatus, true);
                return;
            }
            // 提交事務   這裡面還是挺複雜的,會考慮到還原點、新事務、事務是否是rollback-only之類的~~
            processCommit(defStatus);
        }
    
        // rollback方法  裡面doRollback方法交給子類去實現~~~
        @Override
        public final void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
            DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;
            processRollback(defStatus, false);
        }
    }

從這個抽象類原始碼分析可以看出,它絕對是一個非常非常典型的模版實現,各個方法實現都是這樣。自己先提供實現模版,很多具體的實現方案都開放給子類,比如begin,suspend, resume,commit,rollback等,相當於留好了眾多的連線點

DataSourceTransactionManager

    // 它還實現了ResourceTransactionManager介面,提供了getResourceFactory()方法
    public class DataSourceTransactionManager extends AbstractPlatformTransactionManager implements ResourceTransactionManager, InitializingBean {
        // 顯然它管理的就是DataSource  而JTA分散式事務管理可能就是各種各樣的資料來源了
        @Nullable
        private DataSource dataSource;
        // 不要強制標記為ReadOnly
        private boolean enforceReadOnly = false;
    
        // JDBC預設是允許內嵌的事務的
        public DataSourceTransactionManager() {
            setNestedTransactionAllowed(true);
        }
        public DataSourceTransactionManager(DataSource dataSource) {
            this();
            setDataSource(dataSource);
            // 它自己的InitializingBean也是做了一個簡單的校驗而已~~~
            afterPropertiesSet();
        }
    
        // 手動設定資料來源
        public void setDataSource(@Nullable DataSource dataSource) {
            // 這步處理有必要
            // TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy是對dataSource 的包裝
            if (dataSource instanceof TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy) {
                this.dataSource = ((TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy) dataSource).getTargetDataSource();
            } else {
                this.dataSource = dataSource;
            }
        }
    
        //Return the JDBC DataSource
        @Nullable
        public DataSource getDataSource() {
            return this.dataSource;
        }
        // @since 5.0 Spring5.0提供的方法   其實還是呼叫的getDataSource()  判空了而已
        protected DataSource obtainDataSource() {
            DataSource dataSource = getDataSource();
            Assert.state(dataSource != null, "No DataSource set");
            return dataSource;
        }
        // 直接返回的資料來源~~~~
        @Override
        public Object getResourceFactory() {
            return obtainDataSource();
        }
        ...
        // 這裡返回的是一個`DataSourceTransactionObject`
        // 它是一個`JdbcTransactionObjectSupport`,所以它是SavepointManager、實現了SmartTransactionObject介面
        @Override
        protected Object doGetTransaction() {
            DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = new DataSourceTransactionObject();
            txObject.setSavepointAllowed(isNestedTransactionAllowed());
            // 這個獲取有意思~~~~相當於按照執行緒來的~~~
            ConnectionHolder conHolder = (ConnectionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(obtainDataSource());
            txObject.setConnectionHolder(conHolder, false);
            return txObject;
        }
    
        // 檢查當前事務是否active
        @Override
        protected boolean isExistingTransaction(Object transaction) {
            DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;
            return (txObject.hasConnectionHolder() && txObject.getConnectionHolder().isTransactionActive());
        }
    
    
        // 這是一個核心內容了,裡面邏輯需要分析分析~~~
        @Override
        protected void doBegin(Object transaction, TransactionDefinition definition) {
            DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;
            Connection con = null;
    
            try {
                if (!txObject.hasConnectionHolder() || txObject.getConnectionHolder().isSynchronizedWithTransaction()) {
                    // 從DataSource裡獲取一個連線(這個DataSource一般是有連線池的~~~)
                    Connection newCon = obtainDataSource().getConnection();
                    // 把這個連結用ConnectionHolder包裝一下~~~
                    txObject.setConnectionHolder(new ConnectionHolder(newCon), true);
                }
    
                txObject.getConnectionHolder().setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true);
                con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
                
                // 設定isReadOnly、設定隔離界別等~
                Integer previousIsolationLevel = DataSourceUtils.prepareConnectionForTransaction(con, definition);
                txObject.setPreviousIsolationLevel(previousIsolationLevel);
    
                // 這裡非常的關鍵,先看看Connection 是否是自動提交的
                // 如果是 就con.setAutoCommit(false)  要不然資料庫預設沒執行一條SQL都是一個事務,就沒法進行事務的管理了
                if (con.getAutoCommit()) {
                    txObject.setMustRestoreAutoCommit(true);
                    con.setAutoCommit(false);
                }
                // ====因此從這後面,通過此Connection執行的所有SQL語句只要沒有commit就都不會提交給資料庫的=====
                
                // 這個方法特別特別有意思   它自己`Statement stmt = con.createStatement()`拿到一個Statement
                // 然後執行了一句SQL:`stmt.executeUpdate("SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY");`
                // 所以,所以:如果你僅僅只是查詢。把事務的屬性設定為readonly=true  Spring對幫你對SQl進行優化的
                // 需要注意的是:readonly=true 後,只能讀,不能進行dml操作)(只能看到設定事物前資料的變化,看不到設定事物後資料的改變)
                prepareTransactionalConnection(con, definition);
                txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTransactionActive(true);
    
                int timeout = determineTimeout(definition);
                if (timeout != TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {
                    txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTimeoutInSeconds(timeout);
                }
    
                // Bind the connection holder to the thread.
                // 這一步:就是把當前的連結 和當前的執行緒進行繫結~~~~
                if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
                    TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(obtainDataSource(), txObject.getConnectionHolder());
                }
            } catch (Throwable ex) {
                // 如果是新建立的連結,那就釋放~~~~
                if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
                    DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, obtainDataSource());
                    txObject.setConnectionHolder(null, false);
                }
                throw new CannotCreateTransactionException("Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction", ex);
            }
        }
    
        // 真正提交事務
        @Override
        protected void doCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) { DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) status.getTransaction();
            // 拿到連結  然後直接就commit了   
            Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
            try {
                con.commit();
            } catch (SQLException ex) {
                throw new TransactionSystemException("Could not commit JDBC transaction", ex);
            }
        }
        //doRollback()方法也類似  這裡不再細說
    }

小結:

事務屬性readonly=true後,只能讀操作)(只能看到設定事物前資料的變化,看不到設定事物後資料的改變) 但是通過原始碼我發現,你只設置@Transactional(readOnly = true)這樣是不夠的,還必須在配置DataSourceTransactionManager的時候,來這麼一句dataSourceTransactionManager.setEnforceReadOnly(true),最終才會對你的只讀事務進行優化~~~~
其實如果僅僅只是設定@Transactional(readOnly = true),最終會把這個Connection設定為只讀:con.setReadOnly(true); 它表示將此連線設定為只讀模式,作為驅動程式啟用資料庫優化的提示。 將連結設定為只讀模式通知資料庫後,資料庫會對做自己的只讀優化。但是,這對資料庫而言不一定對於資料庫而言這就是readonly事務,這點是非常重要的。(因為畢竟一個事務內可能有多個鏈