1. 程式人生 > >[ASP.NET Core 3.1]瀏覽器嗅探解決部分瀏覽器丟失Cookie問題

[ASP.NET Core 3.1]瀏覽器嗅探解決部分瀏覽器丟失Cookie問題

> 今天的乾貨長驅直入,直奔主題 看了前文的同學們應該都知道,搜狗、360等瀏覽器在單點登入中反覆重定向,最終失敗報錯。 原因在於,非Chrome80+瀏覽器不識別Cookie上的`SameSite=none`屬性值,導致認證Cookie在後續請求中被拋棄。 截至2020/3/30號,非Chrome瀏覽器測試包含兩種結果: - case1:可設定cookie的samesite=none, 瀏覽器可讀取該cookie - case2:對cookie設定samesite=none, 瀏覽器不能讀取該cokie 瀏覽器| 最新版本號| 結果| 備註 ---|---|---|--- IE |11 | case1| win10 Edge | 44.18362.449.0 |case1 | 2020/2/15開始使用chrome核心/70.0.3538.102 Firefox | 74 |case1| 360急速瀏覽器 | 12.0.1190.0|case1 | 基於chromium78 搜狗瀏覽器 | 8.6.1.31812 |case2 | User-Agent: Chrome/65.0.3314.0 獵豹安全瀏覽器 | 6.5.115|case2 | User-Agent:Chrome/57.0.2987.98 QQ瀏覽器 | 10.5.3 |case1 | chromium 70 華為手機瀏覽器 | 10.0.6.304|case1| 魅族手機瀏覽器 | 8.5.1|case2| > 嗯,我之前報的360急速瀏覽器在新版已經更新了Chrome核心,作為主流的搜狗和獵豹瀏覽器還是使用舊版本Chrome核心,這是要鬧哪樣? 如果Web應用程式打算`支援舊核心瀏覽器,則需要實現瀏覽器嗅探`。 ASP.NET Core不會幫你實現瀏覽器嗅探,因為User-Agents值易變且經常更改。 但是Microsoft.AspNetCore.CookiePolicy中的擴充套件點允許插入瀏覽器嗅探邏輯。 在Startup.Configure中,**在呼叫UseAuthentication或任何寫入cookie的方法之前新增呼叫UseCookiePolicy的程式碼**: ``` public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) { if (env.IsDevelopment()) { app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage(); } else { app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error"); app.UseHsts(); } app.UseHttpsRedirection(); app.UseStaticFiles(); app.UseRouting(); // 表示ASP.NET Core 啟動Cookie策略 app.UseCookiePolicy(); app.UseAuthentication(); app.UseAuthorization(); app.UseEndpoints(endpoints => { endpoints.MapRazorPages(); }); } ``` 在Startup.ConfigureServices, 新增Cookie的策略配置程式碼: ``` public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.Configure(options => { options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = (SameSiteMode)(-1); options.OnAppendCookie = cookieContext => CheckSameSite(cookieContext.Context, cookieContext.CookieOptions); options.OnDeleteCookie = cookieContext => CheckSameSite(cookieContext.Context, cookieContext.CookieOptions); }); services.AddRazorPages(); } private void CheckSameSite(HttpContext httpContext, CookieOptions options) { if (options.SameSite == SameSiteMode.None) { var userAgent = httpContext.Request.Headers["User-Agent"].ToString(); if (MyUserAgentDetectionLib.DisallowsSameSiteNone(userAgent)) { options.SameSite = SameSiteMode.Unspecified; } } } ``` 上面的例子中,`MyUserAgentDetectionLib.DisallowsSameSiteNone` 是一個自定義的庫檔案,偵測不支援`SameSite=None`的UserAgent。 > ASP.NET Core3.1 對與SameSiteMode新增了一個 Unspecified列舉值,表示服務端不會對Cookie設定SameSite屬性值, 後面的攜帶Cookie的事情交給瀏覽器預設配置。 具體的偵測程式碼如下: ``` public static bool DisallowsSameSiteNone(string userAgent) { // Check if a null or empty string has been passed in, since this // will cause further interrogation of the useragent to fail. if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(userAgent)) return false; // Cover all iOS based browsers here. This includes: // - Safari on iOS 12 for iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad // - WkWebview on iOS 12 for iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad // - Chrome on iOS 12 for iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad // All of which are broken by SameSite=None, because they use the iOS networking // stack. if (userAgent.Contains("CPU iPhone OS 12") || userAgent.Contains("iPad; CPU OS 12")) { return true; } // Cover Mac OS X based browsers that use the Mac OS networking stack. // This includes: // - Safari on Mac OS X. // This does not include: // - Chrome on Mac OS X // Because they do not use the Mac OS networking stack. if (userAgent.Contains("Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14") && userAgent.Contains("Version/") && userAgent.Contains("Safari")) { return true; } // Cover Chrome 50-69, because some versions are broken by SameSite=None, // and none in this range require it. // Note: this covers some pre-Chromium Edge versions, // but pre-Chromium Edge does not require SameSite=None. if (userAgent.Contains("Chrome/5") || userAgent.Contains("Chrome/6")) { return true; } return false; } ``` ### 總結 本文實戰演示在ASP.NET Core擴充套件點插入瀏覽器嗅探邏輯,解決裝置不支援cookie SameSite=none的歷史問題. - https://www.chromium.org/updates/same-site/incompatible