200行PYTHON程式碼實現貪吃蛇
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-04-07
# 200行Python程式碼實現貪吃蛇
話不多說，最後會給出全部的程式碼，也可以從[這裡](https://github.com/NemoHoHaloAi/Game/tree/master/YummySnake)Fork，正文開始；
目前實現的功能列表：
1. 貪吃蛇的控制，通過上下左右方向鍵；
2. 觸碰到邊緣、牆壁、自身則遊戲結束；
3. 接觸到食物則食物消失，同時根據食物型別身體會變長；
4. 目前長度顯示；
5. 暫停、死亡介面；
## 執行動圖
## 程式碼片段分析
### 各個部分繪製的程式碼
```python
# 遊戲背景以及最下方用於顯示文字的背景
def draw_background():
# white background
screen.fill(COLORS['white'])
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['black'],(-100,GAME_SIZE[1],3000,200),0)
# 繪製牆壁
def draw_wall():
for xy in wall_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkgray'],(xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT),0)
# 繪製蛇，包括頭和身體
def draw_snake():
head = snake_list[0]
pygame.draw.circle(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(head[0],head[1]),int(SNAKE_WIDTH/2),0)
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT),2)
# 繪製食物
def draw_food():
for xyz in food_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,FOOD_COLORS[xyz[2]-1],(xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT),0)
# 繪製下方的身體長度記錄
def draw_context():
txt = FONT_M.render('Snake length: '+str(len(snake_list)-1),True,COLORS['lightblue'])
x,y = 10,GAME_SIZE[1]+(int((SIZE[1]-GAME_SIZE[1])/2))
y = int(y-FONT_M.size('Count')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
# 繪製暫停介面
def draw_pause():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,220))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('PAUSE',True,COLORS['darkgray'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
# 繪製死亡介面
def draw_dead():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,240))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('YOU DEAD',True,COLORS['black'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
```
### 死亡與食物的碰撞檢查
```python
# 矩形覆蓋檢查作為碰撞檢測，思路是取反，即取所有不會覆蓋的情況的反即可
def rect_cover(rect1,rect2):
left1 = int(rect1[0])
right1 = int(rect1[0]+rect1[2])
up1 = int(rect1[1])
down1 = int(rect1[1]+rect1[3])
left2 = int(rect2[0])
right2 = int(rect2[0]+rect2[2])
up2 = int(rect2[1])
down2 = int(rect2[1]+rect2[3])
if not (right2<=left1 or left2>=right1 or down2<=up1 or up2>=down1):
return True
return False
# 檢查是否碰到食物
def check_food():
# 頭與食物
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
for i in range(len(food_list)):
xyz = food_list[i]
food_rect = (xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,food_rect):
add_body(xyz[2])
del food_list[i]
return True
return False
# 檢查是否碰到邊緣、牆壁或者自己的身體
def check_dead():
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
# 頭與邊緣
if first[0] < 0 or first[0] > GAME_SIZE[0] or first[1] < 0 or first[1] > GAME_SIZE[1]:
return True
# 頭與牆壁
for xy in wall_list:
wall_rect = (xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,wall_rect):
return True
# 頭與自身
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
body_rect = (xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,body_rect):
return True
return False
```
### 更新食物以及增加蛇的身體長度
```python
def add_food():
while(True):
xyz = [random.choice(X_LIST),random.choice(Y_LIST),random.choice([1,2,3,4])]
if xyz not in wall_list:
food_list.append(xyz)
break
def add_body(length=1):
for c in range(length):
# 尾巴加一節
last2,last1 = snake_list[-2],snake_list[-1]
if last2[0]==last1[0]: # 豎著的兩段
if last2[1]>last1[1]: # 朝下
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH])
else: # 橫著的兩段
if last2[0]>last1[0]: # 朝右
snake_list.append([last1[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
```
### 蛇的自動移動
```python
# 通過按鍵判斷當前蛇的朝向
if event.key == K_LEFT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'left'
elif event.key == K_RIGHT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'right'
elif event.key == K_UP:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'up'
elif event.key == K_DOWN:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'down'
# 通過朝向判斷蛇的下一個位置
first = snake_list[0]
snake_list[1:] = snake_list[:-1]
if head == 'up':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'down':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'left':
snake_list[0] = [first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
elif head == 'right':
snake_list[0] = [first[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
```
## 全部程式碼
```python
import sys,random
import pygame
from pygame.color import THECOLORS as COLORS
from pygame.locals import *
def draw_background():
# white background
screen.fill(COLORS['white'])
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['black'],(-100,GAME_SIZE[1],3000,200),0)
def draw_wall():
for xy in wall_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkgray'],(xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT),0)
def draw_snake():
head = snake_list[0]
pygame.draw.circle(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(head[0],head[1]),int(SNAKE_WIDTH/2),0)
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT),2)
def draw_food():
for xyz in food_list:
pygame.draw.rect(screen,FOOD_COLORS[xyz[2]-1],(xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT),0)
def draw_context():
txt = FONT_M.render('Snake length: '+str(len(snake_list)-1),True,COLORS['lightblue'])
x,y = 10,GAME_SIZE[1]+(int((SIZE[1]-GAME_SIZE[1])/2))
y = int(y-FONT_M.size('Count')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
def draw_pause():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,220))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('PAUSE',True,COLORS['darkgray'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
def draw_dead():
s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)
s.fill((255,255,255,240))
screen.blit(s, (0,0))
txt = FONT_M.render('YOU DEAD',True,COLORS['black'])
x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2
x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[1]/2)
screen.blit(txt,(x,y))
def rect_cover(rect1,rect2):
left1 = int(rect1[0])
right1 = int(rect1[0]+rect1[2])
up1 = int(rect1[1])
down1 = int(rect1[1]+rect1[3])
left2 = int(rect2[0])
right2 = int(rect2[0]+rect2[2])
up2 = int(rect2[1])
down2 = int(rect2[1]+rect2[3])
if not (right2<=left1 or left2>=right1 or down2<=up1 or up2>=down1):
return True
return False
def add_food():
while(True):
xyz = [random.choice(X_LIST),random.choice(Y_LIST),random.choice([1,2,3,4])]
if xyz not in wall_list:
food_list.append(xyz)
break
def add_body(length=1):
for c in range(length):
# 尾巴加一節
last2,last1 = snake_list[-2],snake_list[-1]
if last2[0]==last1[0]: # 豎著的兩段
if last2[1]>last1[1]: # 朝下
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH])
else: # 橫著的兩段
if last2[0]>last1[0]: # 朝右
snake_list.append([last1[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
else:
snake_list.append([last1[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])
def check_food():
# 頭與食物
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
for i in range(len(food_list)):
xyz = food_list[i]
food_rect = (xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,food_rect):
add_body(xyz[2])
del food_list[i]
return True
return False
def check_dead():
first = snake_list[0]
snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
# 頭與邊緣
if first[0] < 0 or first[0] > GAME_SIZE[0] or first[1] < 0 or first[1] > GAME_SIZE[1]:
return True
# 頭與牆壁
for xy in wall_list:
wall_rect = (xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,wall_rect):
return True
# 頭與自身
for xy in snake_list[1:]:
body_rect = (xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)
if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,body_rect):
return True
return False
if __name__ == "__main__":
# init pygame
pygame.init()
# contant
GAME_SIZE = [900,900]
SIZE = [GAME_SIZE[0],GAME_SIZE[1]+100]
FONT_S = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 50)
FONT_M = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 90)
DIRECTION = ['up','right','down','left']
X_LIST = [x for x in range(GAME_SIZE[0])]
Y_LIST = [y for y in range(GAME_SIZE[1])]
FOOD_COLORS = ((46,139,87),(199,21,133),(25,25,112),(255,215,0))
# wall
wall_list = [[100,200],[600,500],[350,200],[500,800]]
WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT = 30,30
# food
food_list = [(150,200,1),(300,500,1),(740,542,1),(300,600,1),(700,600,1)]
FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT = 14,14
# create screen 500*500
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(SIZE)
# variable parameter
snake_list = [[100+12*4,100],[100+12*3,100],[100+12*2,100],[100+12*1,100],[100,100]]
SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT = 12,12
snake_v = 0
count_time = 0
# level
frame = 0.05
level = 1
# main loop
running = True
pause = False
dead = False
head = 'right'
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
break
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pause = not pause
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == K_LEFT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'left'
elif event.key == K_RIGHT:
if head in ['up','down']:
head = 'right'
elif event.key == K_UP:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'up'
elif event.key == K_DOWN:
if head in ['left','right']:
head = 'down'
# update data
if not pause and not dead:
count_time += frame*level
first = snake_list[0]
snake_list[1:] = snake_list[:-1]
if head == 'up':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'down':
snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH]
elif head == 'left':
snake_list[0] = [first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
elif head == 'right':
snake_list[0] = [first[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]
# background
draw_background()
# tunnel
draw_wall()
# choose item
draw_snake()
# food
draw_food()
# point
draw_context()
# pause
if not dead and pause:
draw_pause()
# dead
if dead:
draw_dead()
# flip
pygame.display.flip()
# pause 20ms
pygame.time.delay(int(frame/level*1000))
# check win or not
dead = check_dead()
if check_food():
add_food()
pygame.quit()
```
## 再貼一下這個倉庫的連結
[小遊戲集合倉庫](https://github.com/NemoHoHaloAi/Game)
## 最後
大家可以到我的Github上看看有沒有其他需要的東西，目前主要是自己做的機器學習專案、Python各種指令碼工具、有意思的小專案以及Follow的大佬、Fork的專案等：
https://github.com/NemoHoHaloAi