linux網絡配置命令(二)——ip
ip命令
查看/設置路由、設備、路由策略和渠道信息
格式
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
OBJECT := { link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | tunnel | maddr | mroute |
monitor } # 對象命令，類似於ip命令的子命令
OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx |
dnet | link } | -o[neline] }
常見選項
-V 查看版本
-s 查看更詳細的內容
-f 強制使用指定的協議族
-4 指定使用IPv4協議
-6 指定使用IPv6協議
-0 不換行輸出信息
-r 使用主機的域名顯示主機
常用對象命令
ip link 設置、查看數據鏈路層信息
ip addr 查看設置ip信息
ip route 查看設置路由信息
查看對象命令使用方法
ip OBJECT help
示例
1. 查看所有網卡的信息
[[email protected] ~]#ip a # 查看所有網卡信息1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 ... 4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:79:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff [[email protected]-pc ~]#ip a show eth2 # 查看網卡eth2的信息 4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:79:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
2. 查看addr對象命令使用方法
[[email protected] ~]#ip route help # 查看route對象命令的使用方法 Usage: ip route { list | flush } SELECTOR ip route get ADDRESS [ from ADDRESS iif STRING ] [ oif STRING ] [ tos TOS ] ip route { add | del | change | append | replace | monitor } ROUTE SELECTOR := [ root PREFIX ] [ match PREFIX ] [ exact PREFIX ] [ table TABLE_ID ] [ proto RTPROTO ] [ type TYPE ] [ scope SCOPE ] ROUTE := NODE_SPEC [ INFO_SPEC ] NODE_SPEC := [ TYPE ] PREFIX [ tos TOS ] ...
3. 顯示路由信息
[[email protected] ~]#ip route 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0 scope link metric 1002 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link metric 1003 172.16.0.0/16 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.253.55 55.0.0.0/8 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 55.0.0.55 default via 55.0.0.1 dev eth1
4. 顯示下一跳或上一條的路由器的路由信息
[[email protected] ~]#ip neigh list 172.16.253.209 dev eth0 lladdr f0:76:1c:a9:8b:1b DELAY 172.16.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr f8:32:e4:73:bf:a4 STALE 172.16.252.15 dev eth0 lladdr 1c:cd:e5:3e:12:31 STALE 55.0.0.1 dev eth1 FAILED
5. 分配ip地址信息
[[email protected] ~]#ip addr add 172.100.100.100/16 dev eth2 # 分配ip [[email protected]-pc ~]#ip a show eth2 # 查看eth2網卡信息 4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:79:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.100.100.100/16 scope global eth2
[[email protected] ~]#ip addr del 172.100.100.100/16 dev eth2 # 刪除ip配置
[[email protected] ~]#ip addr flush eth2 # 清楚eth2網卡上所有的ip配置
6. 修改路由信息
[[email protected] ~]#ip route add 15.0.0.0/8 via 172.16.0.1 # 添加路由記錄 [[email protected]-pc ~]#ip route # 查看路由表 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0 scope link metric 1002 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link metric 1003 172.16.0.0/16 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.253.55 55.0.0.0/8 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 55.0.0.55 15.0.0.0/8 via 172.16.0.1 dev eth0 # 剛添加進去的 default via 55.0.0.1 dev eth1 [[email protected]-pc ~]#ip route del 15.0.0.0/8 # 刪除路由記錄 [[email protected]-pc ~]#route -n # 使用route命令查看路由記錄 Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1003 0 0 eth1 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 55.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 55.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1
linux網絡配置命令(二)——ip