在CentOS 7上源碼編譯安裝MySQL 5.7

阿新 • • 發佈：2017-05-11

mysql source cmake

1.系統環境

[[email protected] ~]# uname -r

3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs    
[[email protected]

/* */ ~]# [[email protected] ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ perl

2.安裝依賴包

相關依賴包的作用

cmake：由於從 MySQL5.5 版本開始棄用了常規的 configure 編譯方法，所以需要 CMake 編譯器，用於設置 mysql 的編譯參數。如：安裝目錄、數據存放目錄、字符編碼、排序規則等。
Boost：#從 MySQL 5.7.5 開始 Boost 庫是必需的，mysql 源碼中用到了 C++的 Boost 庫，要求必須安裝 boost1.59.0 或以上版本
GCC：是 Linux 下的 C 語言編譯工具，mysql 源碼編譯完全由 C 和 C++編寫，要求必須安裝GCC

bison：Linux 下 C/C++語法分析器
ncurses：字符終端處理庫

1）安裝文件準備

下載 cmake-3.8.1.tar.gz 源碼發布包
http://www.cmake.org/download/

wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.8/cmake-3.8.1.tar.gz

下載 ncurses-6.0.tar.gz
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/

wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.0.tar.gz

下載 m4-1.4.18.tar.gz

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/gnu/m4/m4-1.4.18.tar.gz

下載 bison-3.0.4.tar.gz
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-3.0.4.tar.gz

下載 mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz

下載 Boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

wget https://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

2）安裝 CMAKE 及必要的軟件

安裝 cmake

[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf cmake-3.8.1.tar.gz   
[[email protected] ~]# cd cmake-3.8.1    
[[email protected] cmake-3.8.1]# ./bootstrap    
[[email protected] cmake-3.8.1]# gmake && gmake install    
[[email protected] cmake-3.8.1]# cmake -version    
[[email protected] cmake-3.8.1]# cd ~

安裝m4

[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf m4-1.4.18.tar.gz   
[[email protected] ~]# cd m4-1.4.18    
[[email protected] m4-1.4.18]# ./configure    
[[email protected] m4-1.4.18]# make && make install    
[[email protected] m4-1.4.18]# cd ~

安裝 bison（註：需要perl和m4支持）

[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf bison-3.0.4.tar.gz   
[[email protected] ~]# cd bison-3.0.4    
[[email protected] bison-3.0.4]# ./configure    
[[email protected] bison-3.0.4]# make && make install    
[[email protected] bison-3.0.4]# cd ~

安裝 ncurses

[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf ncurses-6.0.tar.gz   
[[email protected] ~]# cd ncurses-6.0    
[[email protected] ncurses-6.0]# ./configure    
[[email protected] ncurses-6.0]# make && make install    
[[email protected] ncurses-6.0]# cd ~

安裝 boost（註：MySQL 5.7.18需要的boost正確版本為boost_1_59_0）

[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz   
[[email protected] ~]# mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost

3.創建mysql用戶、用戶組及目錄

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql   
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql    
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

4.預編譯

[[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz    
[[email protected] ~]# cd mysql-5.7.18    
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]#cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \    
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \    
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \    
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \    
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \    
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \    
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \    
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \    
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \    
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \    
-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \    
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \    
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \    
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF

5.編譯安裝

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l`   
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# make install

-j 參數表示根據 CPU 核數指定編譯時的線程數，可以加快編譯速度。默認為 1 個線程編譯。

6.設置權限並初始化 MySQL 系統授權表

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# cd /usr/local/mysql   
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .    
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir temp    
[[email protected] mysql]# chmod 777 ./temp    
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /data/mysql    
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .

MySQL 5.7.6之前的版本執行這個腳本初始化系統數據庫

./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

5.7.6之後版本初始系統數據庫腳本

[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql    
[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

註意：
MySQL之前版本mysql_install_db是在mysql_basedir/script下，MySQL 5.7直接放在了mysql_basedir/bin目錄下。
"--initialize"已廢棄,生成一個隨機密碼(~/.mysql_secret)
"--initialize-insecure"不會生成密碼
"--datadir"目錄下不能有數據文件

[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

7.創建配置文件

[[email protected] mysql]# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF

[client]
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci

skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve

user=mysql
port=3306
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
tmpdir=/usr/local/mysql/temp
# server_id = .....
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
open_files_limit=10240
back_log=600
max_connections=500
max_connect_errors=6000
wait_timeout=605800
#open_tables=600
#table_cache = 650
#opened_tables = 630

max_allowed_packet=32M
sort_buffer_size=4M
join_buffer_size=4M
thread_cache_size=300
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=256M
query_cache_limit=2M
query_cache_min_res_unit=16k

tmp_table_size=256M
max_heap_table_size=256M

key_buffer_size=256M
read_buffer_size=1M
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size=64M

lower_case_table_names=1

default-storage-engine=INNODB

innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
innodb_log_buffer_size=32M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
#####################
thread_concurrency=32
long_query_time=2
slow-query-log=on
slow-query-log-file=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-slow.log

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=32M

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
EOF

8.配置MySQL服務

[[email protected] mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld   
[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld    
[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on

9.啟動服務

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start   
[[email protected] mysql]# netstat -anpt | grep mysqld

10. 配置MySQL環境變量

[[email protected] mysql]# echo -e ‘\n\nexport PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH\n‘ >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile

11.設置數據庫root用戶密碼

[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation

12.創建其他MySQL數據庫用戶

[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -uroot -p   
mysql> CREATE DATABASE `testdb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;    
mysql> grant all privileges on testdb.* to [email protected]%‘ identified by ‘ABCabc123!@#‘;    
mysql> flush privileges;    
myqsl> exit

錯誤匯總：

1.如果中途編譯失敗了，需要刪除cmake生成的預編譯配置參數的緩存文件和make編譯後生成的文件，再重新編譯。

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# make clean    
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.18]# rm -f CMakeCache.txt

2.如果報錯

make[2]: *** [libmysqld/examples/mysql_client_test_embedded] 錯誤 1
make[1]: *** [libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysql_client_test_embedded.dir/all] 錯誤 2

加上

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF

本文出自 “SQL Server Deep Dive” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://ultrasql.blog.51cto.com/9591438/1924467

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