HDU 4856 Tunnels

題目鏈接

題意：給定一些管道。然後管道之間走是不用時間的，陸地上有障礙。陸地上走一步花費時間1，求遍歷全部管道須要的最短時間。每一個管道僅僅能走一次

思路：先BFS預處理出兩兩管道的距離。然後狀態壓縮DP求解，dp[s][i]表示狀態s。停在管道i時候的最小花費

代碼：

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int N = 20;
const int d[4][2] = {{1, 0}, {-1, 0}, {0, 1}, {0, -1}};
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
#define MP(a,b) make_pair(a,b)

int g[N][N], vis[N][N], n, m, dp[(1<<15)][20];
char G[N][N];

struct Pipe {
    int x1, y1, x2, y2;
    void read() {
	scanf("%d%d%d%d", &x1, &y1, &x2, &y2);
    }
} p[N];

int bfs(Pipe a, Pipe b) {
    queue<pii> Q;
    memset(vis, -1, sizeof(vis));
    Q.push(MP(a.x2, a.y2));
    vis[a.x2][a.y2] = 0;
    while (!Q.empty()) {
	pii now = Q.front();
	if (now.first == b.x1 && now.second == b.y1) return vis[now.first][now.second];
	Q.pop();
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
	    int xx = now.first + d[i][0];
	    int yy = now.second + d[i][1];
	    if (xx <= 0 || xx > n || yy <= 0 || yy > n || vis[xx][yy] != -1 || G[xx][yy] != ‘.‘) continue;
	    vis[xx][yy] = vis[now.first][now.second] + 1;
	    Q.push(MP(xx,yy));
	}
    }
    return -1;
}

void build() {
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
	for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
	    if (i == j) g[i][j] = 0;
	    else g[i][j] = bfs(p[i], p[j]);
	}
    }
}

int solve() {
    memset(dp, INF, sizeof(dp));
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
	dp[1<<(i - 1)][i] = 0;
    int ans = INF;
    for (int i = 0; i < (1<<m); i++) {
	for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
	    if (i&(1<<(j - 1))) {
		for (int k = 1; k <= m; k++) {
		    if (i&(1<<(k - 1)) == 0 || g[k][j] == -1) continue;
		    dp[i][j] = min(dp[i^(1<<(j - 1))][k] + g[k][j], dp[i][j]);
		}
	    }
	    if (i == (1<<m) - 1)
		ans = min(ans, dp[i][j]);
	}
    }
    if (ans == INF) return -1;
    return ans;
}

int main() {
    while (~scanf("%d%d", &n, &m)) {
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
	    scanf("%s", G[i] + 1);
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
	    p[i].read();
	build();
	printf("%d\n", solve());
    }
    return 0;
}

HDU 4856 Tunnels（BFS+狀壓DP）