Android BLE與終端通信（三）——client與服務端通信過程以及實現數據通信
Android BLE與終端通信（三）——client與服務端通信過程以及實現數據通信
前面的終究僅僅是小知識點。上不了臺面，也僅僅能算是起到一個科普的作用。而同步到實際的開發上去，今天就來延續前兩篇實現藍牙主從關系的client和服務端了。本文相關鏈接須要去google的API上查看，須要FQ的
Bluetooth Low Energy：http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth-le.html
可是我們依舊沒有講到BLE(低功耗藍牙)。放心，下一篇就回講到。跟前面的基本上非常大的不同，我們今天來看下client和服務端的實現
我們以上篇為栗子：
Android BLE與終端通信（二）——Android Bluetooth基礎搜索藍牙設備顯示列表
一.藍牙傳輸數據
藍牙傳輸數據事實上跟我們的 Socket（套接字）有點相似。假設有不懂的。能夠百度一下概念，我們僅僅要知道是這麽回事就能夠了，在網絡中使用Socket和ServerSocket控制client和服務端來數據讀寫。而藍牙通訊也是由client和服務端來完畢的，藍牙clientSocket是BluetoothSocket,藍牙服務端Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,這兩個類都在android.bluetooth包下。並且不管是BluetoothSocket還是BluetoothServerSocket，我們都須要一個UUID（標識符），這個UUID在上篇也是有提到，並且他的格式也是固定的：
UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)
第一段是8位，中間三段式4位，最後一段是12位。UUID相當於Socket的端口。而藍牙地址則相當於Socket的IP
1.activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent" 2.實現步驟
1.聲明
我們須要的東西
// 本地藍牙適配器
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
// 列表
private ListView lvDevices;
// 存儲搜索到的藍牙
private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
// listview的adapter
private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;
// UUID.randomUUID()隨機獲取UUID
private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
// 連接對象的名稱
private final String NAME = "LGL";
// 這裏本身即是服務端也是client，須要例如以下類
private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;
private BluetoothDevice device;
// 輸出流_client須要往服務端輸出
private OutputStream os;2.初始化
// 獲取本地藍牙適配器
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
// 推斷手機是否支持藍牙
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "設備不支持藍牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
// 推斷是否打開藍牙
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
// 彈出對話框提示用戶是後打開
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
// 不做提示，強行打開
// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
}
// 初始化listview
lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);
lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);
// 獲取已經配對的設備
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter
.getBondedDevices();
// 推斷是否有配對過的設備
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
// 遍歷到列表中
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
}
}
// adapter
arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,
bluetoothDevices);
lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
/**
* 異步搜索藍牙設備——廣播接收
*/
// 找到設備的廣播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
// 註冊廣播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
// 搜索完畢的廣播
filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
// 註冊廣播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}3.點擊搜索
public void btnSearch(View v) {
// 設置進度條
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("正在搜索...");
// 推斷是否在搜索,假設在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
// 開始搜索
mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
}4.搜索設備
private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// 收到的廣播類型
String action = intent.getAction();
// 發現設備的廣播
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 從intent中獲取設備
BluetoothDevice device = intent
.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// 推斷是否配對過
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
// 加入到列表
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
// 搜索完畢
} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
.equals(action)) {
// 關閉進度條
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("搜索完畢！");
}
}
};5.client實現已經發送數據流
// client
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
// 先獲得藍牙的地址和設備名
String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position);
// 單獨解析地址
String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim();
// 主動連接藍牙
try {
// 推斷是否在搜索,假設在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
try {
// 推斷能否夠獲得
if (device == null) {
// 獲得遠程設備
device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
}
// 開始連接
if (clientSocket == null) {
clientSocket = device
.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
// 連接
clientSocket.connect();
// 獲得輸出流
os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
// 假設成功獲得輸出流
if (os != null) {
os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
6.Handler服務
// 服務端，須要監聽client的線程類
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};7.服務端讀取數據流
// 線程服務類
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
// 輸入 輸出流
private OutputStream os;
private InputStream is;
public AcceptThread() {
try {
serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter
.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 截獲client的藍牙消息
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 假設堵塞了。就會一直停留在這裏
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
// 不斷接收請求,假設client沒有發送的話還是會堵塞
while (true) {
// 每次僅僅發送128個字節
byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
// 讀取
int count = is.read();
// 假設讀取到了，我們就發送剛才的那個Toast
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}8.開啟服務
首先要聲明
//啟動服務
ac = new AcceptThread();
ac.start();MainActivity完整代碼
package com.lgl.bluetoothget;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener {
// 本地藍牙適配器
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
// 列表
private ListView lvDevices;
// 存儲搜索到的藍牙
private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
// listview的adapter
private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;
// UUID.randomUUID()隨機獲取UUID
private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
// 連接對象的名稱
private final String NAME = "LGL";
// 這裏本身即是服務端也是client，須要例如以下類
private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;
private BluetoothDevice device;
// 輸出流_client須要往服務端輸出
private OutputStream os;
//線程類的實例
private AcceptThread ac;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
// 獲取本地藍牙適配器
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
// 推斷手機是否支持藍牙
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "設備不支持藍牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
// 推斷是否打開藍牙
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
// 彈出對話框提示用戶是後打開
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
// 不做提示。強行打開
// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
}
// 初始化listview
lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);
lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);
// 獲取已經配對的設備
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter
.getBondedDevices();
// 推斷是否有配對過的設備
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
// 遍歷到列表中
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
}
}
// adapter
arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,
bluetoothDevices);
lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
//啟動服務
ac = new AcceptThread();
ac.start();
/**
* 異步搜索藍牙設備——廣播接收
*/
// 找到設備的廣播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
// 註冊廣播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
// 搜索完畢的廣播
filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
// 註冊廣播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}
public void btnSearch(View v) {
// 設置進度條
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("正在搜索...");
// 推斷是否在搜索,假設在搜索。就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
// 開始搜索
mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
}
// 廣播接收器
private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// 收到的廣播類型
String action = intent.getAction();
// 發現設備的廣播
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 從intent中獲取設備
BluetoothDevice device = intent
.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// 推斷是否配對過
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
// 加入到列表
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
// 搜索完畢
} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
.equals(action)) {
// 關閉進度條
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("搜索完畢！");
}
}
};
// client
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
// 先獲得藍牙的地址和設備名
String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position);
// 單獨解析地址
String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim();
// 主動連接藍牙
try {
// 推斷是否在搜索,假設在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
try {
// 推斷能否夠獲得
if (device == null) {
// 獲得遠程設備
device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
}
// 開始連接
if (clientSocket == null) {
clientSocket = device
.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
// 連接
clientSocket.connect();
// 獲得輸出流
os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
// 假設成功獲得輸出流
if (os != null) {
os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
// 服務端。須要監聽client的線程類
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};
// 線程服務類
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
// 輸入 輸出流
private OutputStream os;
private InputStream is;
public AcceptThread() {
try {
serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter
.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 截獲client的藍牙消息
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 假設堵塞了。就會一直停留在這裏
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
// 不斷接收請求,假設client沒有發送的話還是會堵塞
while (true) {
// 每次僅僅發送128個字節
byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
// 讀取
int count = is.read();
// 假設讀取到了，我們就發送剛才的那個Toast
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}
}
Google的API上事實上已經說的非常具體了的，這裏我再提供一份PDF學習文檔，能夠更加直觀的了解
PDF文檔下載地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416162
Demo下載地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416158
Android BLE與終端通信（三）——client與服務端通信過程以及實現數據通信