使用Maven開發一個簡單的SpringData
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-09-16
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1：創建Maven項目
2：添加依賴（修改pom.xml為以下代碼）
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.gx</groupId> <artifactId>SpringData</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>SpringData Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api --><dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java --><dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-jpa --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> <version>1.8.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate-entity --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>4.3.6.Final</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SpringData</finalName> </build> </project>
3：創建配置文件spring-data-beans.xml（名字隨便取）內容如下
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置數據源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/test" /> </bean> <!-- 配置EntityManagerFactory --> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 設置jpa適配器 --> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter"> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/> </property> <!-- 采用註解的方式，掃描包下面的java類 --> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.gx"/> <!-- jpa的相關配置 --> <property name="jpaProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop><!--執行的時候是否顯示SQL--> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop><!--執行的時候SQL是否格式化，如果不格式化的話得到的SQL語句就是一條，沒有換行，不便閱讀--> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop><!--如果沒有是否創建--> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
4：創建測試類com.gx.SpringData測試配置文件spring-data-beans.xml裏面配置的EntityManagerFactory是否成功
4.1：創建一個數據庫裏面沒有的表的實體類（比如說User）內容如下
package com.gx.entity; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; /* * 這個Entity的註解會告訴配置文件這是一個實體類 * 配置文件會根據EntityManagerFactory來判斷是否有這個表 * 如果沒有回字段生成 */ @Entity public class User { /*最好使用封裝之後的類型 * 因為在後面的類使用的時候需要用到泛型Repository<User, Integer>，這裏的Integer就是主鍵Id */ private Integer id; private String name; private Integer age; @GeneratedValue//這個註解是告訴配置文件這個id是自增的 @Id//這個註解是告訴配置文件這是一個id public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } /*這個註解是設置表user裏面的name字段的長度為20，默認不為空 * 如果不設置的話默認是255 */ @Column(length=20,nullable=false) public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]"; } }
4.2：創建測試類com.gx.SpringData內容如下
package com.gx; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class SpringData { //獲取上下文 private ApplicationContext ctx = null; @Before public void setup(){ System.out.println("setup is working......"); ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-data-beans.xml"); } @After public void destory(){ ctx = null; System.out.println("destory is working......"); } @Test public void testEntityManagerFctory(){ } }
4.3：測試結果
5：在配置文件裏面添加配置
<!--配置事務管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/> </bean> <!--配置支持註解的事務--> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <!--配置spring data 需要掃描的包--> <jpa:repositories base-package="com.gx" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/> <!--在這個配置裏面的內容spring都能夠自動找到，更方便--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx"/>
6：創建接口com.gx.repository.UserRepository
package com.gx.repository; import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository; import com.gx.entity.User; public interface UserRepository extends Repository<User, Integer>{ public User findByName(String name); }
7：測試（在數據庫中添加數據並在測試類裏面查詢）修改測試類com.gx.SpringData內容如下
package com.gx; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.gx.entity.User; import com.gx.repository.UserRepository; public class SpringData { //獲取上下文 private ApplicationContext ctx = null; private UserRepository userRepository = null; @Before public void setup(){ System.out.println("setup is working......"); ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-data-beans.xml"); userRepository = ctx.getBean(UserRepository.class); } @After public void destory(){ ctx = null; System.out.println("destory is working......"); } @Test public void testEntityManagerFctory(){ } @Test public void findByName(){ User user = userRepository.findByName("minuobaci"); System.out.println(user); } }
8：測試結果
使用Maven開發一個簡單的SpringData