（一）5、安裝與配置MySQL
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-02-05
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最後當然還有我們的MySQL啦（遇選擇請選“Y”）
root@ubuntu:/# sudo apt-get install mysql-server
漫長的等待之後，我的界面出現了非常sao的紫色，提示說輸入MySQL的root用戶的密碼，那就輸入吧，我的是**********，OK，再次輸入，OK
最後我們測試一下，MySQL到底安沒安上……完美
root@ubuntu:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:(此處輸入密碼)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.21-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
那就再看看有那些自帶的數據庫？完美，MySQL安裝也到此結束了！
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
退出MySQL
mysql>exit
接下來就是我們的配置MySQL
1、因為MySQL的默認端口是3306，所以我們需要確認3306端口是否打開
root@ubuntu:/# ufw status
然後果然沒打開，那就來打開吧
root@ubuntu:/# ufw allow 3306
Rule added
Rule added(v6)
最好檢查一遍
root@ubuntu:/# ufw status
好的，那就下一步吧！
2、接著我們來看下MySQL的運行狀態
root@ubuntu:/# netstat -antup
發現是127.0.0.1:3306，這可不行，因為127.0.0.1是本機IP，我們是需要開放出去的，那咱就來開放吧，進入mysql的配置文件（罪魁禍首就是紅色標出來的，把這行註釋掉就好了，即在這行前面加個#就可以註釋了）,你TM告訴我不知道怎麽改？？按鍵盤上的“insert”，還要不要我拿著你的手按方向鍵和刪除鍵啊
root@ubuntu:/# cd /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf.d root@ubuntu:/#ls root@ubuntu:/#vi mysqld.conf …… [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # ……
最後應該是這樣的，然後按“ESC”，輸入“:wq”保存退出就好了
root@ubuntu:/# cd /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d
root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d#ls
mysqld.cnf mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf
root@ubuntu:/#vi mysqld.cnf
……
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
# bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
……
真的是最後一步，想要讓配置生效，也要讓它重啟一次吧，不知道命令？這就來
root@ubuntu:/# service mysql restart
然後再來查看MySQL的運行狀態,能看到：：：3306我就放心了，唉，現在心有點累了
root@ubuntu:/# netstat -antup
然後再來創建所需要的數據庫和簡單操作一下數據庫。
1、進入數據庫
root@ubuntu:/#mysql -u root -p Enter password:(輸入密碼)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.7.21-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql>
1、我們需要創建一個數據庫，來供後面的教程使用
mysql> create database example;(註意分號)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
2、進入數據庫“example”
mysql> use example Database changed
3、創建數據表
mysql> create table People( -> Id int, -> Name varchar(10), -> Age int, -> Gender varchar(5) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
4、來看看我們的數據表的結構
mysql> desc People;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | | | Age | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Gender | varchar(5) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
5、來看看我們數據表的數據，嗯…沒插入數據怎麽會有數據呢
mysql> select * from People; Empty set (0.00 sec)
6、那咱就來試試如何插入數據吧
mysql> insert into People value(1,‘Tom‘,20,‘male‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
7、看看我們剛剛插入的數據
mysql> select * from People; +------+------+------+--------+ | Id | Name | Age | Gender | +------+------+------+--------+ | 1 | Tom | 20 | male | +------+------+------+--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
完美，數據庫的操作就先到這了。接下來才是重頭戲。—授權
只要執行下面一句，就能創建一個用戶，並給該用戶授予有關權限
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to myUser@‘%‘identified by ‘123456‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
解釋：
grant:授權關鍵字
all privileges：所有權限
*.*：所有數據庫的所有表
myUser：被授權的用戶名，即登錄的用戶名
%：表示所有主機都可以訪問
‘123456‘：被授權的用戶名的密碼，即登錄的密碼
最後退出MySQL
mysql>exit
Bye
至此，（一）的任務已經完成了，下面就是（二）的時間了，首頁傳送門
（一）5、安裝與配置MySQL