1. 程式人生 > >Mysql DBA 高級運維學習筆記-mysql雙主及多主同步過程

Mysql DBA 高級運維學習筆記-mysql雙主及多主同步過程

配置 ble use key 間隔 into base fse char

1.Mysql雙主及多主同步實戰,互為主從

使用主主前提:

a.表的主鍵自增(M庫id1,3,5;M庫id 2,4,6)

準備:兩臺機器,這裏用多實例來講解

第一臺:

Ip:192.168.1.115
Port:3306

第二臺:

Ip:192.168.1.115
Port:3307

1.1 第一臺機器的操作

(1)配置3306的my.cnf配置文件添加打開下面參數

[root@mysql ~]# egrep "\[mysqld]|auto_increment|log-bin|log-slave" /data/3306/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
auto_increment_increment= 2 自增的間隔如1 3 5 間隔為2
auto_increment_offset   = 1 ID的初始位置
log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
log-slave-updates

(2)重啟3306mysql數據庫服務

[root@mysql ~]# /data/3306/mysql stop
Stoping MySQL....
[root@mysql ~]# /data/3306/mysql start
Starting MySQL......

(3)配置同步參數

CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.1.115‘, 
MASTER_PORT=3307,
MASTER_USER=‘rep‘,
MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123456‘;

提示:如果之前是主從同步想給改成雙主同步,我們要帶—master-data參數備份之前主庫的數據然後導入到從庫。

例如,備份3306更新的數據

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -A -B --master-data=2 --events >/opt/3306bak.sql

用—master-data 參數備份數據,在change master的時候就不用添加下面的參數了以及不用show master status;查看主庫的狀態查看binlog的位置了。

MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000004‘ 
MASTER_LOG_POS=1895

(4)啟動從庫同步開關並查看同步狀態

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
   Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  Master_Host: 192.168.1.115
  Master_User: rep
  Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
  Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
  Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1895
   Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000012
Relay_Log_Pos: 1019
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  Replicate_Do_DB: 
  Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
   Replicate_Do_Table: 
   Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
   Last_Errno: 0
   Last_Error: 
 Skip_Counter: 0
  Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1895
  Relay_Log_Space: 1315
  Until_Condition: None
   Until_Log_File: 
Until_Log_Pos: 0
   Master_SSL_Allowed: No
   Master_SSL_CA_File: 
   Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
  Master_SSL_Cert: 
Master_SSL_Cipher: 
   Master_SSL_Key: 
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error: 
   Last_SQL_Errno: 0
   Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
 Master_Server_Id: 2
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

1.2 第二臺機器操作

第二臺操作和第一臺操作差不多

(1)配置3307的my.cnf配置文件添加打開下面參數

[root@mysql ~]# egrep "\[mysqld]|auto_increment|log-bin|log-slave" /data/3307/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
auto_increment_increment= 2
auto_increment_offset   = 2
log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin
log-slave-updates

(2)重啟3307mysql數據庫服務

[root@mysql ~]# /data/3307/mysql stop
Stoping MySQL....
[root@mysql ~]# /data/3307/mysql start
Starting MySQL......

(3)配置同步參數

CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.1.115‘, 
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER=‘rep‘,
MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123456‘;

(4)啟動從庫同步開關並查看同步狀態

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
   Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  Master_Host: 192.168.1.115
  Master_User: rep
  Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
  Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015
  Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1895
   Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000042
Relay_Log_Pos: 1326
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015
 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  Replicate_Do_DB: 
  Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
   Replicate_Do_Table: 
   Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
   Last_Errno: 0
   Last_Error: 
 Skip_Counter: 0
  Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1895
  Relay_Log_Space: 1622
  Until_Condition: None
   Until_Log_File: 
Until_Log_Pos: 0
   Master_SSL_Allowed: No
   Master_SSL_CA_File: 
   Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
  Master_SSL_Cert: 
Master_SSL_Cipher: 
   Master_SSL_Key: 
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error: 
   Last_SQL_Errno: 0
   Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
 Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

1.3 測試mysql數據庫主主(M-M)同步互為主從。

(1)3306主機數據庫操作

a.現在在linzhongniao庫裏創建student表

mysql> create table student(
-> id int(4) not null AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> name char(20) not null,
-> primary key(id)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

b.在student表中插入三條數據

mysql> insert into student(name) values(‘nishishei‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into student(name) values(‘zhangsan‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into student(name) values(‘lisi‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

c.查看一下插入的數據

mysql> select * from student;
+----+-----------+
| id | name  |
+----+-----------+
|  1 | nishishei |
|  3 | zhangsan  |
|  5 | lisi  |
+----+-----------+
1   rows in set (0.00 sec)

我們發現數據的ID的自增不是連續的,因為我們在3306主機的my.cnf設置了下面的參數,這兩個參數的意思是我ID字段自增的開始位置為1以一次間隔為2的方式自增,所以我們上面插入的數據是以2為間隔自增的,那麽auto_increment_offset的值等於2 呢?當然auto_increment_increment參數的值也是可以設置的。

auto_increment_increment= 2 自增的間隔如1 3 5 間隔為2
auto_increment_offset   = 1 ID的初始位置

(2)接下來我們在3307主機的數據庫上也插入三條數據

mysql> use linzhongniao;
Database changed
mysql> insert into student(name) values(‘burenshi‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into student(name) values(‘liushishi‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into student(name) values(‘luhan‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

(3)查看一下插入的數據

mysql> select * from student;
+----+-----------+
| id | name  |
+----+-----------+
|  1 | nishishei |
|  3 | zhangsan  |
|  5 | lisi  |
|  6 | burenshi  |
|  8 | liushishi |
| 10 | luhan |
+----+-----------+

我們看新插入的數據以6、8、10的形式自增,因為我們在3307主機的my.cnf配置文件中設置的auto_increment_increment參數的值等於2和auto_increment_offset的值等於2,設置這兩個參數的意思是以2為起始位置,2為間隔自增的。所以插入數據的id為6、8、10。

Mysql DBA 高級運維學習筆記-mysql雙主及多主同步過程