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[Python] 動態函數調用(通過函數名)

context compile function icm 字符串函數 real state for 輸出結果

2018-04-09 update

利用python中的內置函數 eval() ,函數說明:

def eval(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Evaluate the given source in the context of globals and locals.
    
    The source may be a string representing a Python expression
    or a code object as returned by compile().
    The globals must be a dictionary and locals can be any mapping,
    defaulting to the current globals and locals.
    If only globals is given, locals defaults to it.
    
""" pass

樣例1:

def function2(name, age):
    print("name: %s, age: %s" % (name, age))


if __name__ == __main__:
    eval("function2")("Alice", 11)

    # 或者:
    args = ["Alice", 11]
    kwargs = {}
    eval("function2")(*args, **kwargs)

    """
    輸出結果都是:
    name: Alice, age: 11
    
"""

樣例2:

class Test(object):
    states = [u"大於等於零", u"大於等於二"]
    state2function = {u"大於等於零": "check_gt0", u"大於等於二": "check_gt2"}

    @staticmethod
    def check_gt0(x):
        return x >= 0

    @staticmethod
    def check_gt2(x):
        return x >= 2

    def predict(self, x):
        
for state in Test.states: check_ans = eval("Test." + Test.state2function[state])(x) # 調用Test類中的方法 print(state, Test.state2function[state], x, check_ans) if __name__ == __main__: test = Test() test.predict(x=-1) test.predict(x=1) test.predict(x=2) """ 輸出: 大於等於零 check_gt0 -1 False 大於等於二 check_gt2 -1 False 大於等於零 check_gt0 1 True 大於等於二 check_gt2 1 False 大於等於零 check_gt0 2 True 大於等於二 check_gt2 2 True """

*************************************************************************************************************************************************************

2017-08-09

由字符串函數名得到對應的函數

把函數作為參數的用法比較直觀:

def func(a, b):
    return a + b

def test(f, a, b):    
    print f(a, b)

test(func, 3, 5)

但有些情況下,‘要傳遞哪個函數’這個問題事先還不確定,例如函數名與某變量有關。可以利用 func = globals().get(func_name) 來得到函數:

def func_year(s):
    print func_year:, s
    
def func_month(s):
    print func_month:, s  

strs = [year, month]
for s in strs:
    globals().get(func_%s % s)(s)
"""
輸出:
func_year: year
func_month: month
"""

[Python] 動態函數調用(通過函數名)