基於httpd-2.2和httpd-2.4配置虛擬主機web站點，並提供https服務（一）
> 1.建立httpd服務，要求：
> 1) 提供兩個基於名稱的虛擬主機www1, www2；要求每個虛擬主機都有單獨的錯誤日誌和訪問日誌；
> 2) 通過www1的/server-status提供狀態信息，且僅允許172.16.0.1主機訪問；
> 3) www2不允許192.168.1.0/24網絡中任意主機訪問；
> 2.為上面的第2)個虛擬主機提供https服務。
>
一、使用httpd-2.2實現基於主機名的虛擬主機服務，並提供https服務：
1.準備：（1）在VMwareWorkstation平臺下的CentOS6.9一枚；（2）真實機客戶端一個；
2.環境：（1）CentOS6.9系統中安裝httpd應用程序並啟動httpd服務；（2）關閉防火墻；（3）設置SELinux；
（1） [root@chenliang ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@chenliang ~]# service httpd start
正在啟動 httpd：
（2） [root@chenliang ~]# iptables -F
（3） [root@chenliang ~]# setenforce 0
3.操作步驟：
[root@chenliang ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf
[root@chenliang conf]# vim httpd.conf
NameVirtualHost 172.16.69.1:80 //在httpd.conf配置文件中添加這一行，IP地址要和下面設置的虛擬機文件保持一致
[root@chenliang conf]# cd ../conf.d //在配置虛擬主機時，我們在/etc/httpd/conf.d片段配置文件中設置
[root@chenliang conf.d]# ls
manual.conf mod_dnssd.conf README ssl.conf welcome.conf
[root@chenliang conf.d]# vim www1.conf //設置虛擬主機www1
>
> DocumentRoot /var/www/www1 //www1站點的資源路徑映射
> ServerName www1.cl.com //這就是基於主機名設置虛擬主機
> ErrorLog logs/www1-error_log //每個虛擬主機都有單獨的錯誤日誌
> CustomLog logs/www1-access_log combined //每個虛擬主機都有單獨訪問日誌
>
> <Location /server-status>
> SetHandler server-status
> Order deny,allow
> Deny from all
> Allow from 172.16.0.1 //通過www1的/server-status提供狀態信息，且僅允許172.16.0.1主機訪問
> </Location>
>
> </VirtualHost>
[root@chenliang conf.d]# vim www2.conf
> <VirtualHost 172.16.69.1:80> // 這裏的IP地址和端口號要和主配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf中的虛擬機配置設置的IP一致
> DocumentRoot /var/www/www2 //www2站點的資源路徑映射
> ServerName www2.cl.com
> ErrorLog logs/www2-error_log //每個虛擬主機都有單獨的錯誤日誌
> CustomLog logs/www2-access_log combined //每個虛擬主機都有單獨訪問日誌
>
> <Directory "/var/www/www2">
> Options None
> AllowOverride None
> Order deny,allow
> Deny from 192.168.1.0/24 //www2不允許192.168.1.0/24網絡中任意主機訪問
> </Directory>
>
> </VirtualHost>
[root@chenliang conf.d]# mkdir -pv /var/www/www{1,2} //為web站點的資源提供路徑映射
mkdir: 已創建目錄 "/var/www/www1"
mkdir: 已創建目錄 "/var/www/www2"
[root@chenliang conf.d]# echo "WWW1's web site~~" >> //var/www/www1/index.html //創建web站點首頁文件並添加內容
[root@chenliang conf.d]# echo "WWW2's web site~~" >> //var/www/www2/index.html
[root@chenliang conf.d]# httpd -t //檢查編寫的虛擬主機語法有沒有錯誤
httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for chenliang
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
Syntax OK //語法OK
[root@chenliang conf.d]# service httpd restart //在每一次配置好httpd服務後要重新啟動服務
停止 httpd： [確定]
正在啟動 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for chenliang
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[確定]
4.測試：
創建的虛擬主機web站點：
打開主機的真實主機進行測試，首先更改一下系統C盤下\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件，在最下面添加配置的虛擬主機web站點：172.16.69.1 www1.cl.com www2.cl.com
結果：
5.提供https服務：
1）建立私有CA：
創建CA的私鑰文件：
[root@chenliang CA]# (umask 077; openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 4096)
Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................++
......................................................++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
生成自簽證書：
[root@chenliang CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:HeBei
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Handan
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:CL
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:chenliang
Email Address []:
[root@chenliang CA]# ls //查看創建的證書文件
cacert.pem certs crl newcerts private
[root@chenliang CA]# touch /etc/pki/CA/index.txt //完善CA所必需目錄級文件要求和文本文件級文件要求
[root@chenliang CA]# echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial
2）創建https站點：{有個前提要安裝httpd模塊列表中的mod_ssl模塊}
[root@chenliang ~]# mkdir /etc/httpd/ssl
[root@chenliang ~]# cd /etc/httpd/ssl
[root@chenliang ssl]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out httpd.key 4096)
Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
.....................................................................................++
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@chenliang ssl]# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -out httpd.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:HeBei
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Handan
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:CL
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:chenliang
Email Address []:
A challenge password []:123456
An optional company name []:chenliang
將證書請求發送到CA：~]# scp httpd.csr CA_SERVER:/tmp //因為這裏是創建的私有CA，所以不使用此命令，跳過
在CA上為此次請求簽發證書：
[root@chenliang ssl]# cd /etc/pki/CA
[root@chenliang CA]# ls
cacert.pem certs crl index.txt newcerts private serial
[root@chenliang CA]# openssl ca -in /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.csr -out certs/httpd.crt
[root@chenliang CA]# ls certs/
httpd.crt
在httpd服務器上，刪除證書請求文件：
[root@chenliang CA]# cp certs/httpd.crt /etc/httpd/ssl/
[root@chenliang CA]# cd -
/etc/httpd/ssl
[root@chenliang ssl]# ls
httpd.crt httpd.csr httpd.key
[root@chenliang ssl]# rm -f httpd.csr
[root@chenliang ssl]# ls
httpd.crt httpd.key
在httpd服務器上配置ssl支持：
1) 保證mod_ssl模塊被正確裝載；如果沒有，則需要單獨安裝:yum install -y mod_ssl
2) 配置https的虛擬主機：
[root@chenliang conf.d]# vim ssl.conf
<VirtualHost 172.16.69.1:443>
DocumentRoot "/var/www/www2"
ServerName www2.cl.com:443
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.key
測試https建立是否成功：
重啟服務：
[root@chenliang conf.d]# service httpd restart
停止 httpd： [確定]
正在啟動 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for chenliang
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[確定]
在真實主機上（因為我們是私有證書是不受信任的）：
添加例外後：
至此，httpd-2.2基於主機名建立虛擬主機並實現web站點的https服務完成。
基於httpd-2.2和httpd-2.4配置虛擬主機web站點，並提供https服務（一）