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JAVA8 in Action:行為參數化,匿名類及lambda表達式的初步認知實例整理

例如 choose 集合 事先 inter color 蘋果 ant 模式

 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/8/19 0013.
 */
public class Test {
 /*************************************JAVA8 in Action:行為參數化,匿名類及lambda表達式的初步認知實例整理*****************************/
 /**首先了解的幾個概念:
  *     1.行為參數化:就是一個方法接受多個不同的行為作為參數,並在內部是使用它們,完成不同行為的能力,是一種可以幫助你處理頻繁的需求變更的一種軟件開發模式;
  *     2.匿名類:與我們所熟悉的java局部類差不多,但是匿名類沒有名字,它允許你同事聲明並實例化一個類(隨用隨建);
  *     3.ambda表達式:由參數,箭頭和主體組成,如:(Apple a1,Apple a2)   ->    a1.getWeight().compareTo(a2.getWeight());
  *                                               ----lambda參數------  -箭頭-  -------------lambda主體---------------
  * */
  //我們以實現從一個列表中篩選出綠蘋果作為例子:
    //1.基礎數據
    //創建蘋果實體類
    class Apple{
        private String color;
        private double weight;
        public String getColor() {
            return color;
        }
        public void setColor(String color) {
            this.color = color;
        }
        public double getWeight() {
            return weight;
        }
        public void setWeight(double weight) {
            this.weight = weight;
        }
 
        public Apple(String color, double weight) {
            this.color = color;
            this.weight = weight;
        }
    }
    //2.由淺入深的實例:
    //初級做法:僅僅只能用於選出綠色的蘋果
        public static List<Apple> chooseGreenApple(List<Apple> apples){
            List<Apple> result = new ArrayList<Apple>();//用於盛放篩選出來的綠蘋果的集合
            for(Apple apple:apples){
                if("green".equals(apple.getColor())){//選出綠蘋果放入到集合中
                    result.add(apple);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
  //一級拓展:以顏色作為參數,可以根據參數選出想要的顏色的蘋果
      public static List<Apple> choseAppleByColor(List<Apple> apples,String color){
          List<Apple> result = new ArrayList<Apple>();//用於盛放篩選出來的綠蘋果的集合
          for(Apple apple:apples){
              if(color.equals(apple.getColor())){//根據參數選出所需要的蘋果放入到集合中
                  result.add(apple);
              }
          }
            return result;
      }
  //二級拓展,對多個屬性進行篩選(如顏色,重量)
        public static List<Apple> chooseApples(List<Apple> apples,String color, double weight,boolean flag){//謂詞flag用於區分根據顏色還是根據重量篩選
            List<Apple> result = new ArrayList<Apple>();//用於盛放篩選出來的蘋果的集合
            for(Apple apple:apples){
                //根據flag確定使用以哪個參數為依據來選出所需要的蘋果放入到集合中
                if((flag && color.equals(apple.getColor())) || (!flag && apple.getWeight() > weight)){
                    result.add(apple);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
    //三級拓展,根據抽象條件進行篩選:
        //定義一個接口來對選擇標準建模:
        public interface  ApplePredicate{
            boolean test (Apple apple);
        }
        //以ApplePredicate的多個不同的實現來代表不同的選擇標準
        //僅僅用來選出重的蘋果
        public class AppleHeavy implements  ApplePredicate{
           public boolean test (Apple apple){
               return apple.getWeight() > 180;
           }
        }
        //如果僅僅用來選出綠色的蘋果
        public class AppleColor implements  ApplePredicate{
            public boolean test (Apple apple){
                return "green".equals(apple.getColor());
            }
        }
        //在利用ApplePredicte改過之後,該方法就變成了這個樣子,
        // 我們在使用的時候只需要創建不同個ApplePredicate對象,將他傳遞給chooseApples方法即可,大大的增加了他的靈活性
        public static List<Apple> chooseApples(List<Apple> apples, ApplePredicate predicate){
            List<Apple> result = new ArrayList<Apple>();//用於盛放篩選出來的蘋果的集合
            for(Apple apple:apples){
                if(predicate.test(apple)){
                    result.add(apple);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
    //終極超級酷炫拓展,將List類型抽象化
        public interface  predicatre<T>{
            boolean test(T t);
        }
         public static <T> List<T> chooseSomeThind(List<T> list, Predicate<T> p){
             List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>();
             for(T e:list){
                 if(p.test(e)){
                     result.add(e);
                 }
             }
            return result;
         }
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testChooseAppleByWhatYouWant(){
        //創建集合:
        List<Apple> appleList = Arrays.asList(new Apple("green",200),new Apple("red",150));
        //初級做法:僅僅只能用於選出綠色的蘋果
            List<Apple> greenApples__1 = chooseGreenApple(appleList);
        //一級拓展:以顏色作為參數,可以根據參數選出想要的顏色的蘋果
            //例如篩選出紅蘋果:
            List<Apple> greenApples__2 = choseAppleByColor(appleList,"red");
        //二級拓展,對多個屬性進行篩選(如顏色,重量)
            //例如篩選出紅蘋果:
            List<Apple> greenApples__13 = chooseApples(appleList,"red",0,true);
            //例如篩選出重蘋果:
            List<Apple> weightApples__1 = chooseApples(appleList,"",180,false);
        //三級拓展,根據抽象條件進行篩選:
            //例如篩選出綠蘋果:
            List<Apple> greenApples = chooseApples(appleList,new AppleColor());
            //例如篩選出重蘋果:
            List<Apple> weightApples_1 = chooseApples(appleList,new AppleHeavy());
        //四級拓展,使用匿名類同時聲明和實例化一個類:(可以讓你無需事先實例化,隨用隨建,提高效率)
            List<Apple> weightApples_2 = chooseApples(appleList, new ApplePredicate() {
                public boolean test(Apple apple) {return apple.getWeight() > 180;}
            });
        //五級拓展,使用lambda表達式:(顯得更加幹凈整潔)
        //選出綠色的蘋果
           List<Apple> weightApples_3 = chooseApples(appleList,(Apple apple) -> "green".equals(apple.getColor()));
        //終極超級酷炫拓展,將List類型抽象化:
            //類型抽象化後,你可以廣泛的推廣了,可以用在西瓜上,汽車上,Integer,String。。。。。。。。。。。。
             //例如:篩選出集合中包含“e”的單詞集合:
             List<String> stringList = Arrays.asList("one","two","three","four");
             List<String> include_e = chooseSomeThind(stringList,(String str)-> str.contains("e"));
            //例如:篩選出集合中大於5的數字的集合:
            List<Integer> integersList = Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10);
            List<Integer> bigerThan_5 = chooseSomeThind(integersList,(Integer a)-> a>5);
            System.out.print("非常完美!");
    }
 
}

轉自:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37107280/article/details/77417500

JAVA8 in Action:行為參數化,匿名類及lambda表達式的初步認知實例整理