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對request.getSession(false)以及引數的理解

有人對request.getSession(false)提出疑問,我第一次也很迷惑,看了一下J2EE1.3 API,看一下官網是怎麼解釋的。 

【官方解釋】

getSession 

public HttpSession getSession(boolean create)

Returns the current HttpSession associated with this request or, if if there is no current session and create is true, returns a new session.

If create is false and the request has no valid HttpSession, this method returns null.

To make sure the session is properly maintained, you must call this method before the response is committed. If the container is using cookies to maintain session integrity and is asked to create a new session when the response is committed, an IllegalStateException is thrown.

Parameters: true - to create a new session for this request if necessary; false to return null if there's no current session

Returns: the HttpSession associated with this request or null if create is false and the request has no valid session

翻譯:

getSession(boolean create)意思是返回當前reqeust中的HttpSession ,如果當前reqeust中的HttpSession 為null,當create為true,就建立一個新的Session,否則返回null;

【簡而言之】:

HttpServletRequest.getSession(ture) 等同於 HttpServletRequest.getSession(),若當前存在Session則返回該會話,否則新建一個Session;

HttpServletRequest.getSession(false) 等同於: 若當前存在Session則返回該會話,否則返回NULL,因此,一般情況下,儘量要明確使用引數為false的寫法。

【問題和bug】:

我周圍很多同事是這樣寫的:

HttpSession session = request.getSession();   // a new session created if no session exists, 完蛋啦!如果session不存在的話你又建立了一個!  

String user_name = session.getAttribute("user_name");  

需要注意的地方是request.getSession() 等同於 request.getSession(true),除非我們確認session一定存在或者sesson不存在時明確有建立session的需要,否則 儘量使用request.getSession(false)。在使用request.getSession()函式,通常在action中檢查是否有某 個變數/標記存放在session中。這個場景中可能出現沒有session存在的情況,正常的判斷應該是這樣:

HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);  

if (session != null) {  

    String user_name = session.getAttribute("user_name");  

}  

【投機取巧】:

如果專案中用到了Spring(其實只要是Java的稍大的專案,Spring是一個很好的選擇),對session的操作就方便多了。如果需要在 Session中取值,可以用WebUtils工具(org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils)的 getSessionAttribute(HttpServletRequest request, String name)方法,看看高手寫的原始碼吧:

/** 

 * Check the given request for a session attribute of the given name. 

 * Returns null if there is no session or if the session has no such attribute. 

 * Does not create a new session if none has existed before! 

 * @param request current HTTP request 

 * @param name the name of the session attribute 

 * @return the value of the session attribute, or <code>null</code> if not found 

 */  

public static Object getSessionAttribute(HttpServletRequest request, String name) {  

    Assert.notNull(request, "Request must not be null");  

    HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);  

    return (session != null ? session.getAttribute(name) : null);  

}  

注:Assert是Spring工具包中的一個工具,用來判斷一些驗證操作,本例中用來判斷reqeust是否為空,若為空就拋異常。

上面的程式碼又可以簡潔一下啦,看吧:

HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);  

String user_name = WebUtils.getSessionAttribute(reqeust, "user_name");