1. 程式人生 > >【LeetCode】140. 單詞拆分 II結題報告 (C++)

【LeetCode】140. 單詞拆分 II結題報告 (C++)

原題地址:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/word-break-ii/description/

題目描述:

給定一個非空字串 s 和一個包含非空單詞列表的字典 wordDict,在字串中增加空格來構建一個句子,使得句子中所有的單詞都在詞典中。返回所有這些可能的句子。

說明:

分隔時可以重複使用字典中的單詞。
你可以假設字典中沒有重複的單詞。
示例 1:

輸入:
s = "catsanddog"
wordDict = ["cat", "cats", "and", "sand", "dog"]
輸出:
[
  "cats and dog",
  "cat sand dog"
]
示例 2:

輸入:
s = "pineapplepenapple"
wordDict = ["apple", "pen", "applepen", "pine", "pineapple"]
輸出:
[
  "pine apple pen apple",
  "pineapple pen apple",
  "pine applepen apple"
]
解釋: 注意你可以重複使用字典中的單詞。
示例 3:

輸入:
s = "catsandog"
wordDict = ["cats", "dog", "sand", "and", "cat"]
輸出:
[]

 

解題方案:

自己太菜了,不會這題。這道題要用到動態規劃和回溯演算法,置頂了以便以後學習。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<bool> dp;
    vector<string> ans, tmp;

    void dfs(string &s, vector<string> wordDict, int index) {
        if (index == -1) {
            string str;
            auto it = tmp.rbegin();
            str += *it;
            ++it;
            for (; it != tmp.rend(); ++it)
                str += " " + *it;
            ans.push_back(str);
            return;
        }
        for (auto &x : wordDict)
            if (1 + index >= x.size() && (1 + index == x.size() || 
                                          dp[index - x.size()]) && x == string(s, index + 1 - x.size(), x.size())){
                tmp.push_back(x);
                dfs(s, wordDict, index - x.size());
                tmp.pop_back();
            }
                
    }
    vector<string> wordBreak(string s, vector<string>& wordDict) {
        dp.assign(s.size(), false);
        for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) {
            for (auto &x : wordDict)
                if (x.size() <= i + 1 && (i + 1 == x.size() || 
                                          dp[i - x.size()]) && x == string(s, i + 1 - x.size(), x.size())){
                    dp[i] = true; 
                    break;
                }           
        }
        dfs(s, wordDict, s.size() - 1);
        return ans;
    }
};