使用Nginx+Lua實現waf

技術內容來自：https://github.com/loveshell/ngx_lua_waf

軟體包需求：
1 .Nginx相容性【最後測試到1.13.6】

[[email protected] src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.6.tar.gz

2 .PCRE為Nginx編譯安裝關係的依賴

[[email protected] src]# wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.42/pcre-8.42.tar.gz

3 .下載luajit直譯器和ngx_devel_kit以及lua-nginx-module模組

[[email protected] src]# wget http://luajit.org/download/LuaJIT-2.0.5.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# wget https://github.com/simplresty/ngx_devel_kit/archive/v0.3.0.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# wget https://github.com/openresty/lua-nginx-module/archive/v0.10.13.tar.gz

4 .檔案解壓：

[[email protected] src]# tar xf nginx-1.13.6.tar.gz pcre-8.42.tar.gz LuaJIT-2.0.5.tar.gz v0.3.0.tar.gz v0.10.13.tar.gz
 

5 .安裝LuaJIT Luajit是Lua即時編譯器

[[email protected] src]# cd LuaJIT-2.0.5/
[[email protected] LuaJIT-2.0.5]# make && make install 

6 .新增環境變數

[[email protected] src]# export LUAJIT_LIB=/usr/local/lib
[[email protected] src]# export LUAJIT_INC=/usr/local/include/luajit-2.0

7 .安裝Nginx並載入模組【注意目錄位置以及版本】

• --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.13.6 # nginx 安裝目錄
• --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.42 # pcre 所在目錄
• --add-module=../ngx_devel_kit-0.3.0/ # ngx_devel_kit 所在目錄
• --add-module=../lua-nginx-module-0.10.13/ # lua-nginx-module 所在目錄
• -j2 呼叫編譯CPU的核數

[[email protected] src]# cd nginx-1.13.6/
[[email protected] nginx-1.13.6]# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.13.6 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.42 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --without-mail_pop3_module --without-mail_imap_module --without-mail_smtp_module  --add-module=../ngx_devel_kit-0.3.0/ --add-module=../lua-nginx-module-0.10.13/
[[email protected] nginx-1.13.6]# make -j2 && make install

8 .新增連結檔案

[[email protected] src]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.13.6 /usr/local/nginx
[[email protected] src]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2 /lib64/libluajit-5.1.so.2

應用配置

1 .呼叫lua測試，編輯Nginx.conf 新增/hello

[[email protected] conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes  auto;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        location /hello {
                default_type 'text/plain';
                content_by_lua 'ngx.say("hello,lua")';
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

2 .語法檢查並啟動

[[email protected] conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[[email protected] conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

[[email protected] conf]# curl 192.168.55.110/hello
hello,lua

WAF部署

1 .下載waf原始碼：

[[email protected] conf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[[email protected] conf]# git clone https://github.com/loveshell/ngx_lua_waf.git
[[email protected] conf]# mv ngx_lua_waf/ waf 

2 .檔案註釋

config.lua     # 配置檔案
init.lua       # 規則函式
waf.lua        # 邏輯關係
# wafconf      # 正則匹配關係目錄
wafconf/args           # 裡面的規則get引數進行過濾的
wafconf/url            # 是隻在get請求url過濾的規則       
wafconf/post           # 是隻在post請求過濾的規則     
wafconf/whitelist      # 是白名單，裡面的url匹配到不做過濾     
wafconf/user-agent     # 是對user-agent的過濾規則

3 .config.lua 註釋：

RulePath = "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/wafconf/"
--規則存放目錄
attacklog = "off"
--是否開啟攻擊資訊記錄，需要配置logdir
logdir = "/usr/local/nginx/logs/hack/"
--log儲存目錄，該目錄需要使用者自己新建，切需要nginx使用者的可寫許可權
UrlDeny="on"
--是否攔截url訪問
Redirect="on"
--是否攔截後重定向
CookieMatch = "on"
--是否攔截cookie攻擊
postMatch = "on" 
--是否攔截post攻擊
whiteModule = "on" 
--是否開啟URL白名單
black_fileExt={"php","jsp"}
--填寫不允許上傳檔案字尾型別
ipWhitelist={"127.0.0.1"}
--ip白名單，多個ip用逗號分隔
ipBlocklist={"1.0.0.1"}
--ip黑名單，多個ip用逗號分隔
CCDeny="on"
--是否開啟攔截cc攻擊(需要nginx.conf的http段增加lua_shared_dict limit 10m;)
CCrate = "100/60"
--設定cc攻擊頻率，單位為秒.
--預設1分鐘同一個IP只能請求同一個地址100次
html=[[Please go away~~]]
--警告內容,可在中括號內自定義
備註:不要亂動雙引號，區分大小寫

4 .修改Nginx配置檔案引用WAF功能【http段加入】

    lua_shared_dict limit 50m;
    lua_package_path "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/?.lua";
    init_by_lua_file "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/init.lua";
    access_by_lua_file "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/waf.lua";

5 .詳情：

[[email protected] conf]# cat nginx.conf
worker_processes  auto;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    lua_shared_dict limit 50m;
    lua_package_path "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/?.lua";
    init_by_lua_file "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/init.lua";
    access_by_lua_file "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/waf.lua";
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        location /hello {
                default_type 'text/plain';
                content_by_lua 'ngx.say("hello,lua")';
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

6 .建立日誌目錄給予www使用者許可權：

[[email protected] conf]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/logs/hack/
[[email protected] conf]# chown www.www /usr/local/nginx/logs/hack/

7 .啟動Nginx 並測試：

[[email protected] conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[[email protected] conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 

8 .測試是否阻止請求：

http://192.168.55.110/hello?id=../etc/passwd

9 .通過ab模仿cc攻擊：

[[email protected] waf]# ab -c 100 -n 1200 http://192.168.55.110/hello

一個頁面版WAF--VeryNginx：https://github.com/alexazhou/VeryNginx