【django2】模型 django 1.10 + sqlite3
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-08
Python版本3.5，django版本1.10
1 新建專案
django-admin.py startproject website1
2 啟動伺服器，檢視是否正常
manage.py runserver
3 進入工程website1一級資料夾下新建apppython manage.py startapp appdemo
4 將新建立的app加入工程中
修改 website1/website1/settings.py的INSTALL_APPS，將app名稱加入該元組中。
5 修改website1/urls.py檔案
四個URL是首頁，新增資料，儲存資料，查詢所有資料四個連結，與views中四個函式對應。from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from appdemo import views as appdemo_views urlpatterns = [ # url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^$', appdemo_views.index, name='index'), url(r'^addUser/', appdemo_views.addUser, name='addUser'), url(r'^saveInfo/', appdemo_views.saveInfo, name='saveInfo'), url(r'^queryAll/', appdemo_views.queryAll, name='queryAll'), ]
6 修改appdemo/views.py檔案，新增四個函式
首頁和新增資料頁面都是直接返回html檔案，儲存和查詢兩個函式需要寫入或讀取資料庫，它們是通過appdemo/models.py檔案中UserInfo類實現資料庫操作。from django.shortcuts import render from .models import UserInfo # Create your views here. def index(request): return render(request, 'appdemo/index.html') def addUser(request): return render(request, 'appdemo/addUser.html') def saveInfo(request): username = request.POST['username'] password = request.POST['password'] UserInfo.objects.create(username=username, password=password) return render(request, 'appdemo/index.html') def queryAll(request): data = UserInfo.objects.all() return render(request, 'appdemo/showData.html', {'alldata':data})
django自帶的資料庫API包含了查詢，排序，修改等多個函式，詳見http://www.ziqiangxuetang.com/django/django-queryset-api.html
7 在appdemo/models.py中編寫資料庫操作類UserInfo
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class UserInfo(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=30)
password = models.CharField(max_length=30)
def __str__(self):
return self.username+", "+self.password8 編寫html檔案
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/addUser/">資料錄入</a>
<a href="/queryAll/">所有資料</a>
</body>
</html>addUser.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>資料錄入</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/saveInfo/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
使用者：<input name="username" type="text" ><br/>
密碼：<input name="password" type="password" ><br/>
<input type="submit" value="儲存" >
</form>
</body>
</html>showData.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>所有資料</title>
<style>
table, td{font:100% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; }
table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:1em 0;}
th, td{text-align:left;padding:.5em;border:1px solid #fff;}
th{background:#328aa4 url(tr_back.gif) repeat-x;color:#fff;}
td{background:#e5f1f4;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
<div id="content">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<th>使用者</th>
<th>密碼</th>
</tr>
{% for d in alldata %}
<tr>
<td>{{d.username}}</td>
<td>{{d.password}}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>遇到的錯誤：
1 You called this URL via POST, but the URL doesn't end in a slash and you have APPEND_SLASH set. Django can't redirect to the slash URL while maintaining POST data.
解決方法：在表單的action連結後加上“/”
2 Forbidden (403) CSRF verification failed. Request aborted
在html表單輸入部分之前加上“{% csrf_token %}”