android 手機通過usb資料線與OTG裝置通訊
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-12
1.首先在AndroidManifest.xml檔案中新增所需要的許可權
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.usb.host" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
2.然後在AndroidManifest.xml檔案中的activity下新增以下程式碼
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
<!--加上這句程式碼，手機與OTG裝置連線就會啟動該APP,並跳轉到該activity-->
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED" />
</intent-filter>
<!--在res資料夾下面新建一個 xml的資料夾，然後新建device_filter.xml-->
<meta-data
android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"
android:resource="@xml/device_filter" />
</activity>3.新建device_filter.xml資料夾
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<usb-device
<!--這兩個id由製造提供的-->
product-id="123"
vendor-id="1234" />
</resources>
4.在onCreate方法中初始化連線裝置的一些配置，註冊廣播接收裝置斷開與連線的廣播
public static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.test.otg.USB_PERMISSION";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//獲取 USB 管理器
usbManager = (UsbManager) getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION), 0);
registerBrasdcast();
initUsb();
initView();
}//初始化裝置
private void initUsb() {
try { //取連線到裝置上的 USB 裝置集合
HashMap<String, UsbDevice> map = usbManager.getDeviceList();
//遍歷集合取指定的 USB 裝置
for (UsbDevice device : map.values()) {
Log.i("device", "vid:" + device.getVendorId() + " pid:" + device.getProductId() + " " + device.getDeviceName());
if (1234== device.getVendorId() && 123== device.getProductId()) {
usbDevice = device;
if (usbManager.hasPermission(usbDevice)) {
usbManager.requestPermission(device, pendingIntent);
}
getDeviceInterface();//獲取介面
assignEndpoint(Interface2);// 分配端點
openDevice(Interface2);//開啟裝置
}
}
if (usbDevice == null) {
Log.e("TAG", "沒有獲取到裝置");
return;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
toast("裝置獲取異常");
}
}
// 尋找裝置介面
private void getDeviceInterface() {
if (usbDevice != null) {
Log.i("TAG", "interfaceCounts : " + usbDevice.getInterfaceCount());
for (int i = 0; i < usbDevice.getInterfaceCount(); i++) {
UsbInterface intf = usbDevice.getInterface(i);
if (i == 0) {
Interface1 = intf; // 儲存裝置介面
Log.i("TAG", "成功獲得裝置介面:" + Interface1.getId());
}
if (i == 1) {
Interface2 = intf;
Log.i("TAG", "成功獲得裝置介面:" + Interface2.getId());
}
}
} else {
Log.e("TAG", "未連線裝置！");
}
}
// 分配端點，IN /OUT，即輸入輸出；
private UsbEndpoint assignEndpoint(UsbInterface mInterface) {
for (int i = 0; i < mInterface.getEndpointCount(); i++) {
UsbEndpoint ep = mInterface.getEndpoint(i);
if (ep.getType() == UsbConstants.USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK) {
if (ep.getDirection() == UsbConstants.USB_DIR_OUT) {
epBulkOut = ep;
} else {
epBulkIn = ep;
}
}
if (ep.getType() == UsbConstants.USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_CONTROL) {
epControl = ep;
}
if (ep.getType() == UsbConstants.USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT) {
if (ep.getDirection() == UsbConstants.USB_DIR_OUT) {
epIntEndpointOut = ep;
}
if (ep.getDirection() == UsbConstants.USB_DIR_IN) {
epIntEndpointIn = ep;
}
}
}
if (epBulkOut == null && epBulkIn == null && epControl == null
&& epIntEndpointOut == null && epIntEndpointIn == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not endpoint is founded!");
}
return epIntEndpointIn;
}
// 開啟裝置
public void openDevice(UsbInterface mInterface) {
if (mInterface != null) {
UsbDeviceConnection conn = null;
// 在open前判斷是否有連線許可權；對於連線許可權可以靜態分配，也可以動態分配許可權
if (usbManager.hasPermission(usbDevice)) {
conn = usbManager.openDevice(usbDevice);
} else {
usbManager.requestPermission(usbDevice, pendingIntent);
}
if (conn == null) {
return;
}
if (conn.claimInterface(mInterface, true)) {
myDeviceConnection = conn;
// 到此你的android裝置已經連上otg裝置
if (myDeviceConnection != null)
System.out.println("開啟裝置成功！");
} else {
System.out.println("無法開啟連線通道。");
conn.close();
}
}
}
//廣播註冊
private void registerBrasdcast() {
//註冊許可權廣播
IntentFilter usbFilter = new IntentFilter(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION);
//usb 插入廣播
usbFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED);
//usb 拔出廣播
usbFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED);
registerReceiver(mUsbReceiver, usbFilter);
}
//廣播接收
private final BroadcastReceiver mUsbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.e("TAG", intent.getAction());
switch (intent.getAction()) {
case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED:
toast("裝置插入");
initUsb();//初始化裝置
break;
case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED:
toast("裝置斷開");
break;
case ACTION_USB_PERMISSION:
synchronized (this) {
UsbDevice device = (UsbDevice) intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (intent.getBooleanExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false)) {
if (device != null) {
openDevice(Interface2);
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "使用者拒絕了USB的許可權！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return;
}
}
break;
}
}
};
5.傳送與接收資料
//傳送資料
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
if (myDeviceConnection == null) {
toast("裝置未連線或未授權!");
return;
}
// 傳送準備命令
int reto = myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epBulkOut, openDate, openDate.length, 5000);
if (reto != -1) {
Log.i("TAG", "已經發送資料" + reto);
Message openMsg = Message.obtain();
openMsg.what = SEND_DAT;
mHandler.sendMessage(openMsg);
}
}
}
//接收資料
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case SEND_DATA:
byte[] receiverDate= new byte[20];
int rets = myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epBulkIn, receiverDate, 20, 5000);
if(rets!=-1){
//處理收到的receiverDate陣列，16進位制的
}
}
}
};
6.解除廣播
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unregisterReceiver(mUsbReceiver);
}
AndroidManifest.xml的activity中沒有加上這段程式碼，連線時總是會彈出允許裝置的視窗，點預設也沒有用。
<intent-filter> <action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED" /> </intent-filter>
網上說可以改原始碼，我對原始碼進行修改後也不起作用，暫時不知道怎麼去掉USB的許可權允許窗。