springboot配置檔案及yml的使用

1.配置檔案

作用：springboot自動配置是基於約定的，可以使用配置檔案對預設的配置或約定進行修改

預設的全域性配置檔案：

①application.properties ：

寫法：k=v

示例：

server.port = 8880

②application.yml ：yml不是一個標記文件

寫法：k:空格v

示例：

server:

       port: 8880

       path: a\b\c

yml裡面預設可以不寫引號，“”（雙引號）會將其中的轉義符轉義，其他不轉義

xml是一個標記文件：

<server>

       <port>8080</port>  

       <path>a\b\c</path>

</server>

2.yml的使用

①建立一個student類（Student.class）

package com.example.bean;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component //將javabean放入spring容器內
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")//spring-boot 提供@ConfigurationProperties註解將配置檔案的值對映到類上使用
public class Student {
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private boolean sex;
	private Date birthday;
	private Map<String,Object> location;
	private String[] habbies;
	private List<String> skills;
	private Pet pet;
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public boolean isSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(boolean sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public Map<String, Object> getLocation() {
		return location;
	}
	public void setLocation(Map<String, Object> location) {
		this.location = location;
	}
	public String[] getHabbies() {
		return habbies;
	}
	public void setHabbies(String[] habbies) {
		this.habbies = habbies;
	}
	public List<String> getSkills() {
		return skills;
	}
	public void setSkills(List<String> skills) {
		this.skills = skills;
	}
	public Pet getPet() {
		return pet;
	}
	public void setPet(Pet pet) {
		this.pet = pet;
	}
	public Student(String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday, Map<String, Object> location, String[] habbies,
			List<String> skills, Pet pet) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.location = location;
		this.habbies = habbies;
		this.skills = skills;
		this.pet = pet;
	}
	public Student() {
		super();
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", habbies="
				+ Arrays.toString(habbies) + ", skills=" + skills + ", pet=" + pet + "]";
	}
	

}
 

 ②建立Pet類（Pet.class）

package com.example.bean;

public class Pet {
	private String nickname;
	private String strain;
	public String getNickname() {
		return nickname;
	}
	public void setNickname(String nickname) {
		this.nickname = nickname;
	}
	public String getStrain() {
		return strain;
	}
	public void setStrain(String strain) {
		this.strain = strain;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Pet [nickname=" + nickname + ", strain=" + strain + "]";
	}
	public Pet(String nickname, String strain) {
		super();
		this.nickname = nickname;
		this.strain = strain;
	}
	public Pet() {
		super();
	}
	
	

}
 

 ③編寫yml檔案（application.yml）

student: 
  #簡單型別
  name: djk
  age: 20
  sex: true
  birthday: 2000/07/15
  
  #map型別：
  location: 
    #寫法2：
    province: sd
    city: wf
    zone: sg
    #寫法1：{province: sd,city: wf,zone: sg} 行內寫法
    
  #陣列型別：
  habbies: 
    [籃球,兵乓球,書法] #行內寫法
    #- 籃球
    #- 兵乓球
    #- 書法
   
  #集合型別：
  skills: 
    [計算機,程式設計,springboot] #行內寫法
    #- 計算機
    #- 程式設計
    #- springboot
    
  #類 型別
  Pet:
    #寫法2
    {nickname: xiaobai,strain: jiwawa} 
    #寫法1
    #nickname: xiaobai
    #strain: jiwawa 

④測試 

package com.example.SpringbootDemo;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import com.example.bean.Student;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@EnableConfigurationProperties(Student.class)//3.通過@Autowired標籤即可訪問到該物件，不過在使用之前必須在使用類上面增加註解@EnableConfigurationProperties 
public class SpringbootDemoApplicationTests {

	@Autowired
	Student student;
	@Test
	public void contextLoads() {
		System.out.println(student);
	}

}

註解

1. @EnableConfigurationProperties(Student.class)

        通過@Autowired標籤即可訪問到該物件，不過在使用之前必須在使用類上面增加註解@EnableConfigurationProperties 

2. @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")

         spring-boot 提供@ConfigurationProperties註解將配置檔案的值對映到類上使用