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使用maven搭建SSH專案(spring+springmvc+Hibernate)

本文介紹使用eclipse+maven搭建Spring+SpringMvc+Hibernate專案,以登陸為例:
1、建立maven專案
2、把maven專案變為動態網站
3、搭建spring+springmvc+Hibernate專案


1 建立maven專案

2 把maven專案變為動態網站

3 開始搭建spring+springmvc+Hibernate專案

3.1 配置maven依賴,在pom.xml寫入如下:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>
4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.welljoint</groupId> <artifactId>testSSH2</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding
>
<spring.version>4.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- springframework 4 dependencies begin --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- springframework 4 dependencies end --> <!-- hibernate 配置 begin --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>3.6.9.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>3.6.9.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate 配置 end --> <!-- mysql資料庫的驅動包 start --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.6</version> </dependency> <!-- 引入jstl包 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 引入servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- 引入資料庫連線池 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <version>1.6</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>

3.2 請檢查maven依賴是否匯入到專案中了

3.3 在src/main/java中新建一個com.welljoint.entity的包;在這個包裡新建一個User.java的bean

package com.welljoint.entity;
/** 
 * @version  
 * @time 2018-2-28 下午6:02:03 
 * @describe:使用者的bean
 */
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", password="
                + password + "]";
    }
}

3.4 在WEB-INF目錄下建立一個view資料夾;在該資料夾裡建立一個login.jsp,程式碼如下:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陸</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form method="post">
        使用者名稱:<input type="text" name="userName"><br>
        密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
        <input type="submit" value="登陸">
    </form>
</body>
</html>
  • 再在view資料夾下建立一個login_success.jsp的頁面,程式碼如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陸成功</title>
</head>
<body>
    登陸成功
</body>
</html>

3.5 在src/main/java中新建一個com.welljoint.rest的包;在這個包裡新建一個LoginController.java作為控制器

package com.welljoint.rest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.welljoint.entity.User;

/** 
 * @version  
 * @time 2018-2-28 下午5:57:07 
 * @describe:控制器
 */
@Controller  //註解為控制器
@RequestMapping(value="/login")    //截獲帶有/login的請求
public class LoginController {

    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String get(){  //用來返回一個頁面
        return "login";  //返回指向login.jsp頁面
    }

    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String post(User user){  //用來處理使用者的登陸請求
        return "login_success";
    }
}

3.6 在src/main/resources中新建一個spring-mvc.xml的檔案,程式碼如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">  

    <!-- 對web包中的所有類進行掃描,以完成Bean建立和自動依賴注入的功能 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.welljoint" />

    <!-- 啟用基於註解的配置 @RequestMapping, @ExceptionHandler,資料繫結 ,@NumberFormat ,  
    @DateTimeFormat ,@Controller ,@Valid ,@RequestBody ,@ResponseBody等  -->  
    <mvc:annotation-driven />  

    <!-- 檢視層配置 -->  
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
        <!--配置JSTL表示式-->  
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>  
        <!-- 字首 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>  
        <!-- 字尾 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>  
    </bean>  

    <!-- 配置靜態資源 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/res/" mapping="/res/**"/>  
</beans>  

3.7 配置web.xml,程式碼如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <display-name>testSSH2</display-name>

    <!-- 請求都交給DispatcherServlet處理 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 增加中文亂碼過濾器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 清除jsp空格 -->
    <jsp-config>
        <jsp-property-group>
            <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
            <trim-directive-whitespaces>true</trim-directive-whitespaces>
        </jsp-property-group>
    </jsp-config>
</web-app>
  • 如果你是按照上述一步步做的話,已經可以執行看效果了,效果圖如下:
    這裡寫圖片描述
  • 任意輸入點選登陸後,如下圖:
    這裡寫圖片描述

3.8 寫service層:在src/main/java中新建一個com.welljoint.service的包;在這個包裡新建一個LoginService.java作為服務層的介面

package com.welljoint.service;

public interface LoginService {
    public int login(String userName,String password);
}
  • 再在com.welljoint.service包中新建一個LoginServiceImpl.java作為服務層介面的實現
package com.welljoint.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService{
    public int login(String userName,String password){
        return 1;
    }
}
  • 此時就可以把service層注入到controller層來發揮作用了,把LoginController.java修改為如下:
package com.welljoint.rest;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.welljoint.entity.User;
import com.welljoint.service.LoginService;

/** 
 * @version  
 * @time 2018-2-28 下午5:57:07 
 * @describe:控制器
 */
@Controller  //註解為控制器
@RequestMapping(value="/login")    //截獲帶有/login的請求
public class LoginController {

    @Autowired
    LoginService loginService;  //注入service層

    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String get(){  //用來返回一個頁面
        return "login";  //返回指向login.jsp頁面
    }

    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String post(User user){  //用來處理使用者的登陸請求
        if (loginService.login(user.getUserName(), user.getPassword())==1) {
            return "login_success";  //登陸成功,跳轉到login_success.jsp頁面
        }
        return "login";
    }
}
  • 把專案執行起來,如果效果和之前的一樣,輸入任意值,點選登陸可以跳轉,則證明service層寫正確了,如下:
    這裡寫圖片描述

3.9寫dao層:在src/main/java中新建一個com.welljoint.dao的包;在這個包裡新建一個UserDao.java作為資料層的介面

package com.welljoint.dao;

import com.welljoint.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {
    public User find(String userName,String password);
}
  • 再在com.welljoint.dao包中新建一個UserDaoImpl.java作為資料層介面的實現
package com.welljoint.dao;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.welljoint.entity.User;

@Repository
public class UserDaompl implements UserDao{
    public User find(String userName,String password){
        return new User();//假資料,後期要通過Hibernate去資料庫取
    }
}
  • 此時就可以把dao層注入到service層來發揮作用了,把LoginServiceImpl.java修改為如下:
package com.welljoint.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.welljoint.dao.UserDao;

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService{

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    public int login(String userName,String password){
        return userDao.find(userName, password)==null?0:1;
    }
}
  • 把專案執行起來,如果效果和之前的一樣,輸入任意值,點選登陸可以跳轉,則證明dao層寫正確了,如下:
    這裡寫圖片描述

3.10 把Hibernate加入到專案中,並且去資料庫查詢資料

  • 對於這一節,是難點,<敲黑板>,3.9節前做的是前奏,都沒有涉及到資料庫操作,關於3.10節,大家可以用Hibernate也可以用Mybatis,這一章我們講Hibernate,我的另一篇文章講Mybatis,也歡迎大家看。

  • (1)使用mysql,在本地建立一個名為ssh的資料庫(不用建表,表會自動建立的)
    這裡寫圖片描述

  • (2)在com.welljoint.entity包中建立User這個bean的對映檔案User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<hibernate-mapping package="com.welljoint.entity">
    <class name="User" table="user">
        <id name="id">
            <generator class="native"/>
        </id>
        <property name="userName" length="32" not-null="true" unique="true"/>
        <property name="password" length="64" not-null="true"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>
  • (3)在src/main/resources中建立spring.xml檔案,程式碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans default-autowire="byName"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- 對web包中的所有類進行掃描,以完成Bean建立和自動依賴注入的功能 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.welljoint" />

    <!-- 資料來源,BasicDataSource,commons-dbcp -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssh?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
    </bean>

    <!-- Hibernate SesssionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:/com/welljoint/entity/*.hbm.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!-- PlatTranscationManager -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
  • (4)把spring.xml配置檔案,加入到web.xml中,web.xml程式碼修改為如下(請關注本檔案中新新增的兩部分程式碼):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <display-name>testSSH2</display-name>

    <!-- 配置spring容器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- 配置監聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 請求都交給DispatcherServlet處理 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 增加中文亂碼過濾器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 清除jsp空格 -->
    <jsp-config>
        <jsp-property-group>
            <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
            <trim-directive-whitespaces>true</trim-directive-whitespaces>
        </jsp-property-group>
    </jsp-config>
</web-app>
  • (5)把Hibernate功能新增到dao層中,從而進行資料庫操作,UserDaoImpl.java程式碼修改為如下:
package com.welljoint.dao;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.welljoint.entity.User;

@Repository
public class UserDaompl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao{
    //HibernateDaoSupport來操作資料庫更加方便

    //用來注入sessionFactory(不注入會報錯)
    @Resource(name = "sessionFactory")
    public void setSessionFactoryOverride(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        super.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);
    }

    @Override
    public User find(String userName,String password){
        //注意:以下是HQL語句
        List<?> users = getHibernateTemplate().find("from User where userName=? and password=?",userName,password);
        return users.size()>0?(User)users.get(0):null;//假資料,後期要通過Hibernate去資料庫取
    }
}
  • (6)最終專案截圖如下:
    這裡寫圖片描述
  • (7)恭喜您,整個SSH專案已經搭建完畢了,快來執行一下吧。啟動專案後,首先檢查eclipse的控制檯有沒有錯誤資訊,有的話請百度。再看到瀏覽器會顯示登陸框,如下:
    這裡寫圖片描述
  • (8)此時ssh資料庫已經自動建立了一個user表了,請看:
    這裡寫圖片描述
  • (9)我們在上述的user表中,手動填入“11”,“22”,(後期大家自己寫註冊的程式碼,就不用手動填寫了)如下圖:
    這裡寫圖片描述
  • (10)回到瀏覽器,我們可以使用剛剛填入到資料庫的值進行登陸了
    這裡寫圖片描述
    這裡寫圖片描述
    • 我們填入錯誤的值(填入錯誤的值,仍會跳轉到login.jsp頁面)
      這裡寫圖片描述
      這裡寫圖片描述

4專案下載地址:

http://download.csdn.net/download/tiandixuanwuliang/10264025

本文原地址:http://mp.blog.csdn.net/mdeditor/79403783