最近學習spring框架，學習中總是磕磕絆絆的，出現這樣或者那樣的問題，於是就像寫一篇筆記，將spring，springmvc，hibernate框架整合的過程，以及簡單的實現記錄下來，一來加深印象，二來一遍以後忘記好找資料（...）當然，初學者也可以借鑑一下。廢話不多說，直接上乾貨！

平臺：eclipse

1.首先看看我整個專案的結構

2.專案開始：開始配置配置檔案，主要有web.xml, applicationContext.xml, springmvc這三個檔案

web.xml檔案如下（主要是配置spring IOC容器，springmvc的dispacherServlet, 編碼的格式化：防止出現亂碼，SessionFilter過濾器：防止session異常。這裡主要注意的是路徑問題，由於樓主的配置檔案是放在src下的config包中的，所以配置的時候用classpath：包名/配置檔名.xml的形式；如果放在WebContext下，直接寫檔名就行， WEB-INF下就是/WEB-INF/檔名.xml，以此類推。。

）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>springmvc_1</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <!-- 配置spring ioc容器 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	
	<!-- 配置springmvc 的DispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:config/springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<filter>
		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<filter>
		<filter-name>SessionFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>SessionFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
 

springmvc.xml檔案如下（主要是新增一個註解掃描，然後就是檢視解析器。其中prefix表示的是跳轉後的頁面放置的字首路徑，樓主這裡糾結了一會兒。。suffix表示的是字尾名，這個好理解。）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd">

	<!-- 配置自動掃描包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.shin">
<!-- 		<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> -->
<!-- 		<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/> -->
	</context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 配置檢視解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/pages/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
	
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
 

applicationContext.xml配置如下（1.註解掃描  2.載入db.properties檔案：配合資料庫連線池配置實用，這裡的路徑與web.xml中路徑同理 3.配置資料來源：與dp.properties中的各個屬性對應 4.配置sessionFactory:配置hibernate中的一些方言，屬性等，這裡將這些寫在spring配置檔案中，去除了hibernate.cfg.xml檔案，當然也可以將新增這個檔案，只需在sessionFactory中新增對映路徑即可 5.配置事務管理器 ）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd">


	<!-- 配置自動掃描的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.shin">
<!-- 		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> -->
<!-- 		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/> -->
	</context:component-scan>
	
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/db.properties"/>
	
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>	
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
 		<property name="namingStrategy"> 
			<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy"></bean>
		</property>
		<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.shin.entities"></property>
		
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect </prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		<property name="mappingResources" >
			<list>
				<value>com/shin/entities/User.hbm.xml</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

db.properties檔案：

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///test

然後開始java程式碼的編寫：

樓主只是做了一個簡單的使用者新增應用，所以程式碼比較簡單，主要是實現這個基本框架，還有很多東西需要去學習；

先來實體類 User.java  然後我用hibernate外掛自動生成hbm.xml檔案（當然也可以手動配置，挺簡單的）

package com.shin.entities;

public class User {

	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private String password;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2016-7-12 10:59:16 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.shin.entities.User" table="USER">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="password" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="PASSWORD" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

然後是dao層，分別是UserDao.java介面 和 UserDaoImpl.java實現

package com.shin.dao;

import com.shin.entities.User;

public interface UserDao {

	public void addUser(User user);
}

package com.shin.dao.impl;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.shin.dao.UserDao;
import com.shin.entities.User;

@Repository("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

	@Autowired
	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	
    public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        return sessionFactory;
    }
	
	public void addUser(User user) {
		
		sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);

	}

}

再就是service層，分別是UserService.java介面和UserServiceImpl,java實現類

package com.shin.service;

import com.shin.entities.User;

public interface UserService {

	public void addUser(User user);
}

package com.shin.service.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.shin.dao.UserDao;
import com.shin.entities.User;
import com.shin.service.UserService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

	@Autowired
	private UserDao userDao;

	public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
		this.userDao = userDao;
	}

	@Override
	public void addUser(User user) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		userDao.addUser(user);
	}

}

最後是controller： UserController.java（controller是核心，頁面的處理跳轉都要經過他，requestMapping中的值和.jsp中的action對應，由於web.xml中springmvc攔截的是.do結尾的動作，這裡在處理方法上覆制以此結尾）

package com.shin.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.shin.entities.User;
import com.shin.service.UserService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;
	
	@RequestMapping(value="sucess.do")
	public String add(HttpServletRequest request){
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		System.out.println(username+" "+password);
		
		User user = new User();
		user.setName(username);
		user.setPassword(password);
		
		userService.addUser(user);
		return "sucess";
		
	}
}

然後是簡單的jsp頁面，測試用的。

add.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>新增使用者</h1>
	<form action="user/sucess.do" method="post">
		使用者	<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
		密碼 	<input type="text" name="password"/><br/>
		<input type="submit" value="新增">
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>

sucess.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	新增成功！
</body>
</html>

測試：

自此，整個專案完成了，當中遇到了很多問題，有大有小，小問題特別多！！！比如配置路徑時，classpath寫成classpth，找了好久，一直以為詩路徑問題，誰知道是簡單的拼寫錯誤。。。總之，學程式設計這玩意兒，得細心，更得有恆心，樓主已經踏上不歸路，堅持走下去，加油！大家也一起加油！