Python 入門程式設計題：21~30（答案）

提示：最好還是先思考，先編寫，再看答案哦 ^_^

21.

import os.path
import shutil

def create_filefolder(folder_name):
    if not os.path.exists(folder_name):
        os.mkdir(folder_name)

def main():
    create_filefolder("執行結果")
    file_list = os.listdir('..\\images')
    folders = []
    for each in file_list:
        folders.append(each.split('-')[0])
    folders = set(folders)
    os.chdir("執行結果")
    for folder in folders:
        create_filefolder(folder)
    os.chdir('..\\..\\images')
    for file in file_list:
        shutil.move(file, '..\\py\\執行結果\\'+file.split('-')[0])
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
 

22.

改進我們的小紅球“”

class Ball:
    def __init__(self,canvas,paddle,color):
        self.canvas = canvas
        self.paddle = paddle
        self.id = canvas.create_oval(10,10,25,25,fill=color)
        self.canvas.move(self.id,245,100)
        starts = [-3,-2,-1,1,2,3]
        random.shuffle(starts)
        self.x = starts[0]
        self.y = -3
        self.canvas_height = self.canvas.winfo_height()
        self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
    def draw(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id,self.x,self.y)
        pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
        if pos[1] <= 0:
            self.y = 3
        if pos[3] >=self.canvas_height:
            self.y = -3
        if self.hit_paddle(pos) == True:
            self.y = -3
        if pos[0] <= 0:
            self.x = 3
        if pos[2] >= self.canvas_width:
            self.x = -3
 

把小球加入主迴圈：

while 1:
    ball.draw()
    tk.update_idletasks()
    tk.update()
    time.sleep(0.01)

23.

list1 = [1, [2], [3, 4], [[5, 6], 7], [8, [[9, [10], 11], 12], 13]]
print([int(i.strip(' []')) for i in str(list1).split(',')])

24.

def leapyear(year):
    if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100) or year % 400 == 0:
        return True
    else:
        return False

def days(ymd):
    d =(0,31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30)
    day = sum(d[:ymd[1]]) + ymd[2]
    if leapyear(ymd[0]) and ymd[1] > 2:
        day += 1
    return day

start = (2014, 8, 18)
now = (2017, 4, 19)
result = - days(start)
for i in range(start[0], now[0]):
    if leapyear(i):
        result += 366
    else:
        result += 365
result = result + days(now)
print(result)
 

25.

str1 = 'easqWAwaeq'
str2 = ''.join(sorted(list(str1), key = lambda x: ord(x) if ord(x) < 97 else ord(x) -31.5))
print(str2)

26.

lower = int(input("輸入區間最小值: "))
upper = int(input("輸入區間最大值: "))

for num in range(lower,upper + 1):
        # 素數大於 1
        if num > 1:
                for i in range(2,num):
                        if (num % i) == 0:
                                break
                else:
                        print(num)

27.

import itertools
count = 1
for i in itertools.permutations((1, 2, 3, 4, 6 , 7, 8, 9), 4):
    list1 = [0] * 9
    list1[4] = 5
    if len(set([10 - n for n in i]) & set(i)) == 0:
        for j in range(4):
            list1[j] = i[j]
        for j in range(4):
            list1[8 - j] = 10 - i[j]
        if list1[0] + list1[1] + list1[2] == 15 and list1[0] + list1[3] + list1[6] == 15:
            print('No.%d'%count)
            for m in range(3):
                print(list1[m * 3: (m + 1) * 3])
            print()
            count += 1

28.

for x in range(1,10):
        for y in range(1,10):
                for z in range(1,10):
                        if x + y + z == 15:
                                print('%s + %s + %s = 15' % (x,y,z))

29.

def fadd(a,b,c,d):
    fenzi = a*d+b*c
    fenmu = b*d
    GCD = lambda x,y:x if y==0 else GCD(y, x%y)
    gcd = GCD(fenzi,fenmu)
    fenzi /= gcd
    fenmu /= gcd
    return fenzi, fenmu

print '1/6 + 1/3 = %d/%d' % fadd(1,6,1,3)

def fminus(a,b,c,d):
    fenzi = a*d-b*c
    fenmu = b*d
    GCD = lambda x,y:x if y==0 else GCD(y, x%y)
    gcd = GCD(fenzi,fenmu)
    fenzi /= gcd
    fenmu /= gcd
    return fenzi, fenmu

print '1/2 - 1/3 = %d/%d' % fminus(1,2,1,3)

30.

import random as r

guess = ['石頭', '剪刀', '布', '石頭']
player = input(f'{guess[0:3]}：')
while player != 'Q':
    try:
        if player not in guess:
            raise
        CPU = r.choice(guess[0:3])
        print(f'CPU:{CPU}')
        if player == CPU:
            print('Draw！')
        elif guess[guess.index(player) + 1] == CPU:
            print('Player Win!')
        else:
            print('CPU win！')
        player = input(f'{guess[0:3]}：')
    except:
        player = input(f'輸入有誤！{guess[0:3]}：')

（未完待續，持續更新）